1、重点词语的语境义。重点词语包括文中出现频率较高的词语、成语和指示代词。不管是词语还是成语,要回答的都是在本文语境下的基本含义。考生要查找上下文相关信息字样,结合作者想要表达的思想感情来答出比喻义、引申义或深刻义。一般来说代词“这”的答案肯定到前面去找,“那”或者“其”的答案要参看前后句子的具体语境来作答。
2、重要句子的语境义。重要句子包括难句、修辞句、过渡句、呼应句、哲理句、总结性语句。难句答题时需结合作者所要表达的思想感情,可分成“由表及里的语境义”、“语言表达的表现点”、“思想层面的深刻义”、“作者言外之意的潜台词”等几个层面来答。修辞句要关注修辞的比喻和对比(衬托),解释比喻的本体、喻体和相似点,以及该比喻句蕴涵的思想感情,考生可再答上“生动、形象使读者容易理解,增强了感染力,能引起共鸣。”过渡句在结构上的作用或是承上或是启下,或是承上启下,主要是为了诠释前面的内容或者结构上的照应。过渡句都是前呼后应,一般找到应句后还要答出呼应的作用,尤其是佐证的具体内容。哲理句包括两种,一种是引用名人名言佐证自己观点或引出问题,考生要答出作者引用的目的;一种是作者自己写出来的,这往往是文章的中心和闪光点,考生要认真体味,领会其内涵。
3、题目的作用或含义,以此为题的妙处。考生一般只要答出文章主要描写对象,也可能是线索,或答出具体特征就基本到位了。但有时必须答出题目的深刻义、象征义,才有望得满分。
4、整体感悟。整体感悟就是筛选和整合信息的过程,是咀嚼总结性语句、整体把握文意的基本方法。黄老师建议考生拿到一篇文章时,先读题目和首、尾段,弄清楚作者在说什么,然后对照文章(段)后的考题再读每段的首、尾句,即抓总结性语句,弄清每段的内容。
5、主观开放题,主观开放题有“谈对文中某个观点的看法”、“仿照例句”、“写思想教育意义读后感”、“谈写做特色借鉴”、“扩写”等。考生答此类题,不管是同意还是反对都必须写出充足的理由,字数不能太少,可采用多种修辞手法,使答案丰满。
(1)说明对象:一看文题二看首尾段。
(2)给文章拟标题,要体现简明、新颖、概括的原则。一般为说明对象或说明内容。
(3)说明内容应是一句话,以句子的形式出现,往往在开头、结尾。
(4)段意概括:先找中心句;不要用疑问代词;没有中心句要摘要联合,结合标点认真提炼。
1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of ……
2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus.
3) Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.
4) Recently the issue has aroused great concern among ……
5) Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……
6) Never in our history has the idea that …… been so popular.
7) Faced with ……, quite a few people argue that ……
8) According to a recent survey, ……
9) With the rapid development of ……,
10 When it comes to…, (当说到…
二、列举观点
I.Some people think/believe that…,
Other argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true
1.Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages.
2.Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages.
3.Compared with cars,bikes have their advantages and disadvantages. ,
4.Although computers bring people a lot of convenience,they have many disadvantages.
5....has many advantages.For example,…
6. However,just as every coin has two sides,…has it’s disadvantages.
II…play(san important role/part in……
1.Computers play an important role in science and technology.
2.Computers play a more and more important role in our life.
3.Computers play an increasingly important role in our studies.
4.Education plays an important part in developing our mind.
5.Addiction to alcohol and drugs plays a role in homelessness.
6.Advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life.
7.In the past,letters played a decisive role in long-distance communication.But now,telephone,email,and fax have taken their place.
III.With the development of…
1.With the development of our economy,many Chinese families can afford a car.
2.With the development of our economy and society,pollution is more and more serious.
3.With the rapid development of Science and technology,people can get a college degree by taking online-courses at home.
4.With the current social and technological developments,employees with more knowledge and higher academic degrees are needed.
5.With the rapid increase of China's population,housing problem is becoming more and more serious.
6.With more and more women entering the society,people's attitude towards women is changing.
7.With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up, an increasing number of (a growing number of,a significant number of
families can afford a car.
三、陈述自己观点
There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements,but…
四、批驳
1)It is true that ……, but one vital point is being left out.
2) There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.
3) Some people say ……, but it does not hold water.
4) Many of us have been under the illusion that……
5) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.
6) It makes no sense to argue for ……
7) Too much stress placed on …… may lead to ……
8) Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that ……
9) Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ……
10) No one can deny the fact that ……
11) The idea is hardly supported by facts.
12) Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ……
13) Recent studies indicate that ……
14) There is sufficient evidence to show that ……
15) According to statistics proved by ……, it can be seen that ……
五、结尾句型 :
英语议论文多以简要总结全文或对所讨沦的问题提出解决办法来结尾。总结全文时除常用到in one/a word,generally speaking,to conclude等外,没有固定模式。提出解决办法时却常使用下一句型:
1) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ……
2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ……
3). We should take measures to control the rapidly increasing world population.
4). We’d better take effective measures to prevent students from cheating on exams.
5). The government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse.
6). Urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks.
7) It is necessary that steps should be taken to ……
8) In conclusion, it is imperative that ……
9) There is no easy method, but ……might be of some help.
10) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must ……
11) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.
12) With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.
13) We might do more than identify the cause ; it is important to take actions to ……
14) Taking all these into account, we ……
15) Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear……
六、其他句型
I、There be结构
There+be+主语+(修饰成分,表示客观存在的'人或事物。 There must be a lot of fuel in the tank.
There remains nothing more to be done.
There is no point in talking about it again.
There is something you don't know.
There is not enough time to do the work. .
II、名词化结构
名词化结构用以表明抽象思维的逻辑性和概念化,从而使语体更加正式、更加具有书面语风格。
1.由of连接主谓关系
That the earth revolves around the sun causes the changes of the seasons.
名词化:The revolution of the earth around the sun causes the changes of the seasons.
2.由0f连接动宾关系
One of the most important natural phenomena is that energy is transmitted from one point to another in waves.
名词化:One of the most important natural phenomena is the transmission of energy from one point to another in waves.
3.用of连接含有by的短语,把简单句转换成名词短语
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