导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文:
第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法
结论:
第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
生活中,人们总会遇到一些大大小小的困难和挫折,而这些困难给我们生活带来的苦难也给我们生活带来的苦难也是我们无法控制的,应该说,困难是生活的一部分,没有一个可以逃脱,所以当困难降临到你身上,你该怎样应对呢?我知道大多数人在遭受困难和挫折后,就会过分的担心忧虑,整日提心吊胆,郁郁寡欢,甚至萎靡不振,一蹶不起。
我告诉你,其实困难并不可怕,可怕的是你因此而逃避现实,愤世妒俗。
如何乐观的面对困难:
爱迪生灯泡的发明者,在我的见识世界里,我把她当成上帝,与耶稣其名也不为过。他在实验时不小心触电,导致左手小拇指麻痹,他经过1785种材料来选出适当的灯丝,如果他放弃了,在他拇指麻痹后而放弃实验了,我敢保证现在21世纪还在煤油灯的年代。
他没有放弃,而成为伟人,而成为发明之父。如果你想说爱迪生本来就是伟人,他发明是应该的,那么下面这些有什么可以反驳的。
感动中国十大人物刘盛兰又是怎样的伟人呢?
刘盛兰在报纸上看到了一则救助报道,从那时起,73岁的他就将自己微薄的工资捐出去。而受捐助的学生,也逐渐从周边几个地市“扩张”到全国各地。最多的时候,他同时资助着50多名学生。
每天清早,刘盛兰起来弄点简单的饭菜,就骑着自行车走村串巷去了,直到捡回一大堆破烂。他17年几乎未尝肉味,没添过一件新衣,“吝啬”的连一个馒头都舍不得买,可捐资助学总计7万多元,资助了100多个学生。刘盛兰一直没进养老院,这样能拿到每年4000元的生活补贴。这些钱他全部捐给了贫困学生。
刘盛兰他没有放弃,他没有消极的表现,他用实际行动来证明他的选择是正确的,他用精神来撑起一片天空,用毅力来说中国人的善行。
如何乐观的面对困难:一问问你自己,可能发生的是什么?二可能发生的最坏的情况是什么?三如果无计可施了,就准备接受最坏的情况。不要在困难面前跌倒,要勇敢地站起来,去审视困难。
我说过困难并不是想象中的那么可怕,可怕的是,你因为困难蜷缩自己,过分忧虑可能导致更大的困难,这样始终解决不了问题。你因该正视困难,用你那颗坚强的心去积极地面对困难,消除困难!
现实往往存在人们不想面对,也不愿意面对的残酷的东西,通常这时,人们都喜欢去选择逃避,选择当一只缩头乌龟,躲在壳中静静地去看外面的事物。
在学习时,我常常遇到困难或不如意的事,有时我真的很愿意去做一只缩头乌龟,不会做的题就不做了,但是到了考试我就尝到了苦头,我心里就想:“假如这道题我会做……那将会……”我在一次次的做缩头乌龟中尝尽了苦头,我明白了,我不要逃避了们,必竟这是我自己必须面对,必须去做而不可避免的。以后当我再次遇到困难时就想起了以前的教训。最终我尝到的是胜利甘果,心中无比喜悦。
温斯顿。邱吉尔说过:“一个人绝对不可能在遇到危险的威胁时,背过身去试图逃避。若是这样做:只会使危险加倍。但是如果立刻面对它毫不退缩危险就会减半,决不要逃避任何事物,决不。”
我哦要做就做一只勇敢的鹰,但决不要做一只缩头乌龟,因为我知道生命之箭一经射出就拥不停止,永远追逐那逃避它的目标。
房门狠狠地被我关上,屋子里一片寂静。此时,大雨倾盆并与狂风交加在一起。
我趴在桌上,静静的哭,也静静的看着窗外的雨。突然自嘲地笑笑:呵!多像我现在这个狼狈的人啊!付出了努力却得不到收获,这次的考试不就证明了一切了吗?
看着窗外的植物,树被折磨得痛苦地弯了腰,绿油油的小草也被无情的狂风暴雨摧残着。花更是惨不可睹,在风雨的猛烈打击下,美丽的花朵被鞭打得遍地凋零,此时仿佛觉得他们和我一样,同是天涯沦落人啊!
就这样,静静地带着伤感趴在桌上,度过了一个冰凉的夜晚。
第二天,阳光照在我的脸上。我揉揉朦胧的睡眼,睁开眼看。天晴了。
我第一个想到的就是看着与我同病相怜的可怜人们。
让我意想不到的.事,树经过了一夜的冲刷,变得更加挺立和威武。绿油油的小草也仿佛是起死回生的样子,挺立着它那小小的身子,好像在神奇地说:“来吧!我什么也不怕!”小草的顽强让我想起一句诗句:“野火烧不尽,春风吹又生。”
我把目光投在那朵小花上,蹲下来,细细一看,竟有一个花苞!我轻轻用手抚摸着那破碎的花瓣。又想到一句诗句:“落花不是无情物,化作春泥更护花”
此时,我清楚了,明白了。一切的事物都会遭到挫折,像树、小草、花。但他们都挺过来了!面对过来了!
我欣慰地笑笑,对自己暗暗地鼓励:相信自己,会面对过来的!
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