是写信人对收信人的称呼用语。位置在信内地址下方一、二行的地方,从该行的顶格写起,在称呼后面一般用逗号(英国式,也可以用冒号(美国式。
(1写给亲人、亲戚和关系密切的朋友时,用dear或my dear再加上表示亲属关系的称呼或直称其名(这里指名字,不是姓氏。例如:my dear father,dear tom等。
(2写给公务上的信函用dear madam,dear sir或gentleman(gentlemen。注意:dear纯属公务上往来的客气形式。gentlemen总是以复数形式出现,前不加dear,是dear sir的复数形式。
(3写给收信人的信,也可用头衔、职位、职称、学位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。例如:dear prof. tim scales, dear dr.john smith。
对于小学生来说,表扬和鼓励是其对学习产生兴趣不可或缺的方法。教师能够使得学生对英语产生兴趣最有效的方法就是让学生主动的喜欢上英语学习。这就要求教师在进行英语教学的过程中要使得教学内容和小学生的性格特点相适应,这样就能够使得小学生的学习情绪处于一种活跃的状态。在教学的过程中,教师应该对于学生的表现进行相应鼓励,这样就给学生带来了足够的信心,并且,教师还应该对于表现出色的学生进行及时表扬,使学生对于英语学习就会充满热情和兴趣。教师主要的任务是引导学生进行科学合理的学习,掌握所学知识。对于如何才能使学生更好的进行学习,这个问题是教学工作者一直关注的问题。激发学生学习的兴趣是促进学生更好的进行学习的重要途径。而对于小学生来说,身心都处于塑造时期,因此对于小学生的学习兴趣培养就变得更加重要。这就要求教师要根据学生的性格和心理特点,采用合理的教学方法和教学内容,尽可能的适应学生的健康发展,只有这样才能够有效培养学生学习英语的热情和兴趣。
yesterday i read a book the name of the book is《dr bethune》.
dr bethune was a famous doctor from canada. in 1938 he came to china. at that time china was at war with japan. he worked as a doctor in the chinese army and saved many soldiers’ lives. he worked very hard and became sick. dr bethune died in 1939. he was only 49 years old. he was a good man and we remember him today.
i think the book is very very good!
written by wu qingxiang
mar. 31
how to do research
——reading after a science paper
these days i am busy preparing my dissertation which is about web usage mining . i read some english papers and learnt much from them . and now i want to say something about a paper titled “web usage mining:discovery and applications of usage patterns from web data”.
this is the first english paper i read about dissertation and gave me great help .
this paper is a review about web usage mining. it introduced web usage mining in detail . although it is a little old for it was published in its contents are very useful today . it is organized according to the sequence of web usage mining and the six main parts are introduction which tells me what is web usage mining the sources and abstraction of web data the three steps of web usage mining taxonomy and project survey websift overview privacy issues . the third and fourth parts are most important . it had a list of existing project about web usage mining which i saw many times in other papers but this paper is the one creating this list . besides it has been referred for more then twenty times . as we all know that the higher the referred number is the more important the paper is so i consider this paper to be an important and successful one in this region.
in my opinion the success of this paper dues to three reasons . the first reason is the profound computer knowledge owned by the authors . web usage mining relates to many subjects such as artificial intelligence ontology semantic analysis but the most basic knowledge is computer science . the four authors are all professors of department of computer science and engineering in university of minnesota . for myself i am not major in computer science and i am not very good at computers so i feel a little difficult to understand technologies used in this region.
second they had read a large number of papers before they wrote this paper . there are fifty nine references listed after main contents . “stand on the shoulders of giants” this sentence tell us a truth : one can never successful all by oneself . and what’s more learn from others can save a lot of time and energy especially for us new learner . how to learn from others is a skill all of us should master but learning doesn’t mean copy or plagiary . other people’s knowledge and production is just our foundation upon this foundation we must have our own thoughts and creation. there are many remarks in this paper where referred other’s production.
third the authors had the experience of developing a web usage mining project . they don’t just engage in idle theorizing so their comprehension on this issue is greatly profound. they know what we may meet in a real project development and they know how to resolve them . after reading this paper i also read some other papers written in chinese . some of them are not based on real project and can not give useful resolution . websift is the name of system they developed which can be used to data mining and analysis .
i wrote this article not only because it gave me much help in preparing my dissertation but also because it tells me how to study and how to do research . honesty and preciseness are two essential making a researcher must have . hard-working is the necessary condition leading to success . this is just the beginning of my dissertation i should learn from these four authors both their knowledge and their attitude to study.
学生只是单纯地进行学习远远不够的,教师在进行英语教学的过程中应该积极引导学生进行问题的思考,这样不但能够培养学生积极动脑和主动学习的能力,还可以激发学生对于英语学习的热情。除此之外,教师还应该积极的引导学生进行问题的交流和互动,可以将学生分成不同的小组,以小组为单位进行问题的讨论,然后再进行小组之间的讨论,这样不但能够培养学生的表达能力,而且还可以调动学生的积极性。教师慢慢引导学生对所学知识进行问题的发现,然后进行相互的\'探讨,并且对于表现最好的小组进行相应的奖励,这样也能够充分调动起学生学习英语的热情。
a tale of two cities occupies a central place in the canon of charles dickens\'s works. this novel of the french revolution was originally serialized in the author\'s own periodical all the year round. weekly publication of chapters 1-3 of book 1 began on april 30, 1859. in an innovative move, dickens simultaneously released installments of the novel on a monthly basis, beginning with all of book 1 in june and concluding with the last eight chapters of book 3 in december. dickens took advantage of the novel\'s serial publication to experiment with characterization, plot, and theme. he described the work in a letter to his friend john forster, cited in rudi glancy\'s a tale of two cities: dickens\'s revolutionary novel, as \"a picturesque story rising in every chapter, with characters true to nature, but whom the story should express more than they should express themselves by dialogue.\" the novel that emerged from his experimentation is now regarded as one of dickens\'s most popular and most innovative works.
dickens\'s work was very popular with the reading public when it was first published. one review in the magazine athenaeum stated that a tale of two cities had attracted the praise of a hundred thousand readers. on the other hand, a whole set of critics, most notably sir james fitzjames stephen writing in saturday review, criticized the novel precisely for its popularity. \"most of the critics writing in the intellectual and literary journals of the day considered popular success a good reason to condemn a work,\" explains glancy. \"if the public liked it, they certainly could not be seen to approve of it at all.\" modern critical opinion, however, has given the novel an important place among dickens\'s most mature works of fiction.
在正文下面的一、二行处,从信纸的中间偏右处开始,第一个词开头要大写,句末用逗号。不同的对象,结束语的写法也不同。
(1写给家人、亲戚,用your loving grandfather,lovingly yours,lovingly等;
(2写给熟人、朋友,用yours cordially,yours affectionately等;
(3写业务信函用truely yours(yours truely,faithfully yours(yours faithfully等;
(4对上级、长辈用yours obediently(obediently yours,yours respectfully(respectfully yours等。
低于结束语一至二行,从信纸中间偏右的地方开始,在结束语的正下方,在签完名字的下面还要有用打字机打出的名字,以便识别。职务、职称可打在名字的下面。当然,写给亲朋好友的信,就不必再打了。
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