英语阅读理解与作文练习【一】
按要求改写句子知识点梳理
一、概述
按要求改写句子主要考查学生对句子结构的掌握以及用不同句型表达同一意思的能力。考查所涉及到的句子类型有一般疑问句、否定句、反意疑问句、选择疑问句、对划线部分提问、感叹句、保持原句意思、合并成一句、简单句和复合句之间的互换以及改为被动语态等。
二、解题时需注意的几个要点
1、时态：不同的时态相对应的助动词
一般现在时：谓语动词用原形（主语为第三人称单数时，动词加s或es，变否定句、疑问句时助动词为do或does）
一般过去时：谓语动词用过去式，变否定句、疑问句时助动词为did.
现在完成时：助动词have/has+动词的过去分词
过去完成时：助动词had+动词的过去分词
一般将来时：will/be going to +动词原形
过去将来时：would/was or were going to +动词原形
现在进行时：am/is/are＋动词的现在分词
过去进行时：was/were＋动词的现在分词
2、语态：主动语态变为被动语态的谓语结构
一般现在时：am/is/are＋动词的过去分词
一般过去时：was/were+动词的过去分词
一般将来时：will be+动词的过去分词
情态动词：can/may/must/need等情态动词＋be++动词的过去分词
3、改反意疑问句时注意hardly, never, seldom, few, little, no等词表达的是否定意义，变反意疑问句时用肯定形式。
4、在合并句子时，有些连词如not only…but also…, neither…nor…, either…or…是就近原则，连接两个主语时动词形式取决于与动词邻近的主语。而both…and…连接两个主语时,主语是复数。
5、简单句和复合句之间的互换常见的有：带有疑问词的宾语从句改为特殊疑问词＋to＋动词原形的不定式；结果状语从句so…that…改为enough to或too…to…的简单句。
6、保持原句意思改写句子时注意时态不变。
三、习题
练习一
1. We do our homework every evening. （改为否定句）
We _________ ________ our homework every evening. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ do they have a class meeting?
3. She could hardly understand this passage. (改为反意疑问句
She could hardly understand this passage, _________ __________?
4.The manager told him how to get useful information. (改为否定句
The manager _________ _________ him how to get useful information.
5. Tom’s sister can speak English and Japanese very well. (改为反意疑问句
Tom’s sister can speak English and Japanese very well, _________ _________?
对划线部分提问
_________ _________ he live twenty years ago?
7. Sam does some cleaning in the morning. (改为否定句
Sam _________ do _________ cleaning in the morning.
对划线部分提问
_________ _________ have the students worked on the survey?
9. Your father used to ride a bike. （改成反意问句）
Your father used to ride a bike, _______ ________? （对划线提问）
__________ ___________ the population of Germany?
11. Mr. Wang washes his car once a month. （改为一般疑问句）
Mr. Wang (对划线部分提问
will Susan come back from Athens?
13. My friends lost their way when they were traveling in Hong Kong. (改为一般疑问句
________ your friends ________ their way when they were traveling in Hong Kong?
14. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ has Yao Ming been in the Rocket Team?
15. She put the digital camera on the bed just now. (改为否定句
She _________ _________ the digital camera on the bed just now.
16. Mark's flown to Hainan Island for winter holidays. (改为反意疑问句
Mark's flown to Hainan Island for winter holidays, _________ _________?
(专辑. (划线部分提问
_________ did Super Girl Zhou Bichang _________ to Vienna?
18. I’ve already saved enough money to buy a new car. (改为否定句
I ________ saved enough money to buy a car ________.
19. Lily used to have long straight hair. (改为反意疑问句
Lily used to have long straight hair, ________ ________?
20. He has already been there .(改为一般疑问句
__________ he been there __________?
21.They decided that they wouldn't have the picnic because of the bad weather. (改为简单句
They decided __________ _________ have the picnic because of the bad
weather.
22. The English people hardly ever shake hands between the strangers .( 改为反意疑问句
The English people hardly ever shake hands between the strangers, __________ __________?
23. They grew some sunflowers in their garden last year.（改为否定句）
They __________ __________ any sunflowers in their garden last year.
24. Jane drinks milk every morning.（改为一般疑问句）
_________ Jane ___________ milk every morning? （就划线部分提问）
___________ map ___________ to Class 4?
26. You can choose only one of the two: a mini-TV or a DVD player. (改为选择疑问句
you want a mini-TV a DVD player?
27. That detective film is so amazing. （改为感叹句）
___________ ___________ amazing detective film!
28. He has some money left.（改成否定句）
He money left.
29. （划线部分提问）
do the members of the film society meet?
30. His mother knew why the little boy was unhappy all day. (改为一般疑问句
_______ his mother _______ why the boy was unhappy all day?
31. He looks very funny with that hat on. (改为感叹句
_______ _______ he looks with that hat on!. 对划线部分提问
_______ _______ they build this factory?
33. I have already finished the test paper.（改为否定句）
I ________ finished the test paper ________.
34. Johnson denied cheating in the competition.（改为反意疑问句）
Johnson denied cheating in the competition, ________ ________? （对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the story need to be funny?
36. Sam does some cleaning in the morning. (改为否定句
Sam _________ do _________ cleaning in the morning.
对划线部分提问 _________ _________ have the students worked on the survey?
38. （对划线部分提问） _________ _________ has he been a top fashion designer?
39. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ will they move into the new school?
40. to go to the People’s Square by underground. (对划线部分提问
________ _______ did it take you to go to the People’s Square by underground?
练习二：
1. Gold is less valuable than diamond. (保持句意不变
Gold is ________ ________ valuable as diamond.
2. He told the children to go and watch his tank of Ghost fish. (改为被动语态 The children ________ ________ to go and watch his tank of Ghost fish.
3. Unless I have a quiet room, I cannot do any work. （保持句意不变）
I cannot do any work ________ I _________ have a quiet room.
4. The manager arrived here a few minutes ago. （保持句意不变）
The manager has _________here ________ a few minutes.
5. They will send him to work in Japan for one year. (改为被动语态
He will ________ _________ to work in Japan for one year.
6. The words on the notice board are very small. I can’t see them clearly.(保持句子原意
The words on the notice board are small I can’t see them
clearly.
7. We can solve the problems with the help of the teacher. (改为被动语态 The problems can _________ _________ with the help of the teacher.
8. We can’t finish the work in such a short time. (保持原句意思
It’s _________ _________ us to finish the work in such a short time.
9. We must keep the noise under 50 dbs.(分贝（改成被动语态）
The noise must ________ _______ under 50 dbs here.
10. Mike doesn’t like classical music. Billy doesn’t either. （合并成一句） _________ Mike nor Billy __________ classical music.
11. The room is so dirty that we can’t live in it.（保持句意不变）
The room isn’t __________ _________ for us to live in.
12. No one knows when we will start tomorrow. （保持原句意思）
No one knows start tomorrow.
13. The Smiths will invite the professor to take part in the party. (改成被动语态 to take part in the party by the Smiths.
14. If you are not brave, you’ll lose your last chance.（保持原句意思）
you are ’ll lose your last chance.
15. They store much information in the computer. (改成被动语态
Much information ________ ________ in the computer.
16. Don’t throw rubbish here and there. Our teacher said to us. (合并为一句
Our teacher told us ________ ________ throw rubbish here and there.
17. If John doesn’t apologize for what he did, I will tell the teacher about his bad behavior.
（保持原句意思）
_______ John _______ for what he did, I will tell the teacher about his bad behavior.
18. I don't know where we can grow vegetables in the city. (改为简单句 I don't know _________ _________ grow vegetables in the city.
19. People used to enjoy themselves chatting on MSN when it worked well. (保持句意基本不变
People used to _________ a lot of _________ chatting on MSN when it worked well.
20. If you don’t improve your handwriting, you will lose marks in the exam. (合成同义句
You will lose marks in the exam ________ you ________ your handwriting.
21. To go fishing is fun. （句意不变 ）
_____ is fun _____ ______ fishing.
22. Dick was so short that he couldn’t touch the top of the bookshelf.（保持句意基本不变）
Dick wasn’t __________ __________ to reach the top of the bookshelf.
23. “Can I borrow your bike for a while or not?”（ 保持句意基本不变）
Tom asked his sister __________ he __________ borrow her bike or not for a while.
24. The couple couldn’t decide which flat they should choose at first. （保持原句意
思）
The couple couldn’t decide which flat at first.
25. Meaningless information is difficult for the little boy to remember. （保持原句意思）
is difficult for the little boy remember meaningless information.
26. People throw away millions of plastic bags in our city every day. （改成被动语态）
Millions of plastic bags away in our city.
27. She was so careless that she couldn’t find the mistakes in her test paper. (保持句意基本不变
She was _______ _______ to find the mistakes in her test paper.
28. We will hold the next Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008.（改为被动语态）
The next Olympic Games will _______ _______ in Beijing in 2008.
29. The elderly man pushed the birds into the river.（改为被动语态）
The birds ________ ________ into the river by the elderly man.
30. Dolphins are so clever that they can follow the instructions.（保持句意基本不变） Dolphins are ________ ________ to follow the instructions.
31. We can’t finish the work in such a short time. (保持原句意思
It’s _________ _________ us to finish the work in such a short time.
32. They invited the astronaut and his wife to the party on Christmas Eve.(改为被动语态
The astronaut and his wife _________ _________ to the party on Christmas Eve.
33. The little girl didn’t go to bed unless the grandmother told her a story. (保持句意基本不变
The little girl didn’t go to bed _________ the grandmother _________ tell her a story.
34. The plane is so big that it can carry 300 passengers at one time. （改为简单句）
The plane is big _________ _________ carry 300 passengers at one time.
35. Did they know the answer to the question? Ididn’t know… (合并为一句 I didn’t know ________ they had ________ the answer to the question.
Keys
练习一
1. don’t do 2. How often 3.could she 4.didn’t tell 5.can’t she
6.where did 7.doesn’t any 8.How long 9.didn’t he 10.What is
英语阅读理解与作文练习【二】
苑广阔
①智能手机和电脑让用户可采用拼音输入法，然后从列出的选项中挑出正确的字。结
果呢？提笔忘字成了普遍现象。汉字书写与传承问题，甚至引发了国外媒体的关注。近日英国广播公司网站便以《当中国孩子忘记如何书写时》为题，对此给予了报道。
②国外媒体对中国汉字书写的报道，关注的只是现象本身，而我们关注的，却是造成这种现象的原因是什么，以及如何在手机和电脑日益普及的时代继续传承和弘扬汉字文化。这一问题其实已引起社会各界的广泛关注，所以类似《汉字英雄》、《中国汉字听写大会》等等看上去应该没有什么收视率的电视节目一经推出，马上掀起了收视高潮。
③这些节目的制作和播出，对传承汉字书写和弘扬汉字文化起到了积极作用。但电视节目毕竟不能完全代表现实生活，在奖金和大赛名次的刺激之下，电视节目上的激烈角逐与精彩表现，并不能掩盖汉字在当代人的现实生活中书写的式微。
④汉字既是我们祖先的一项伟大发明，是一种文化传承的工具，同时也代表着中华民族丰富无比的传统文化。尤其是作为象形文字来说，汉字每个字从古至今的演变，都有一段属于它自己独一无二的故事，都包含着文化、文明与历史。所以传承汉字，也就是在传承文化、文明与历史。而要想完成这种传承，则主要须通过书写的方式，因为只有在一笔一画勾勒这个汉字的过程中，人们才能深切体悟出蕴含其中的\'文化与文明。
⑤而现在各种智能输入法唯一的追求就是速度和效率，其代价则是剥夺了我们在一笔一画书写汉字过程中品味的机会，自然也就谈不上文化与文明的传承。这才是汉字书写之所以引起各界广泛关注的原因。
⑥有人也许会说，汉字书写式微的真正原因在于它“没用了”。问题果真如此吗？即便你可以打印公文、报告，但是一张手写的便条、留言，必定能够带给人不一样的感觉，让人觉得你更加真诚与友善。更别说一封手写家书给远方亲人所带来的温暖与慰藉，是任何打印字体都无法替代的。即便从功利的角度看，当别人的求职信都千篇一律用打印稿，而只有你用或遒劲或娟秀漂亮书法来书写，它必然能够更加打动人心。
⑦这么说，并不是要人们放弃电脑和打印机，而只是想告诉大家，在工作和生活中有意识地拿起笔来，写下一段文字，其实是件很美好，很“走心”的事情。
18、针对手机、电脑毁掉汉字书写的现象，作者提出了什么看法？（2分）
_______________________________________________________________________________
19、文中的第④⑤段运用了哪一种论证方法？有什么作用？（2分）
_______________________________________________________________________________
20、结合自身实际，你觉得应该如何提高自己的汉字书写能力？（至少写出两种方法）（2分）
18. 莫让手机电脑毁掉汉字书写的美好 （或：要重视汉字的书写，借以传承中华文化、文明与历史。）
评分标准：2分。答出上述任一句均可给2分，后一句概况中心论点，意近即可。
19.对比论证。从正反两方面进行论述，突出地论证了“传承汉字，也就是在传承文化、文明与历史”的观点。
评分标准：2分。论证方法1分，作用分析1分。意近即可。
20.①书写正确，如通过汉字听写，识记字音、字形、理解字义。②书写美观，如临摹字帖，练好正楷字等。
评分标准：2分。方法合理即可给分。每条方法1分，共2分。
英语阅读理解与作文练习【三】
脂肪细胞攫食记
□玛丽特?米歇尔
上午10点钟刚过，我的主人――这位108公斤重的男人坐在办公桌前，查看电子邮件。我栖息在他的肝脏旁，查看着他早上所喝饮料的代谢残留物：维生素水。此物美其名曰“营养强化饮料”，其实里面都是糖，我喜欢。它溜过了消化系统，在肝上安了家，肝把它转化为脂肪，直接送给了我，正合我意！
这种时刻对于我们脂肪细胞来说都像是过节一样。运动可以把脂肪转化为肌肉，你信不信？反正我不信。
如今，你在大街上到处都可以看到我们。肥胖大军的人数越来越多，在全世界范围内，胖子比30年前增多了一倍。
上午11点钟，他饿了。我有个任务是向大脑发出一种名为瘦蛋白的荷尔蒙信号，让身体感觉饱了。这项工作很重要吧，然而现在我就像是中东油井似的向外输送瘦蛋白，不过只向血液中输送，这样身体对于糖的摄入要求就会直线上升，而大脑却没有收到“你已经饱了，不要再吃”的信号，这也就是他经常在吃完饭后，时间不长又感觉饿了的原因。
生活是香甜的，真的，但也不总是这样。记得40年前他还是个少年时，我和我的脂肪朋友们诞生了。那时候我要等一天时间才能储存一点脂肪酸。那时候对于我们来说是个艰苦时期。
在一个正常的身体里，到青春期结束时，脂肪细胞就不再形成、增加了。但是，如果你变得肥胖了，体内的那些脂肪细胞就会增大很多，进而繁衍出新细胞。这样一来，我周围的空间就会变得拥挤。
我很幸运，主人上大学时喜欢上了喝含糖软饮料，几乎每次午饭都要喝一些。这对我来说正是捞油水的时候，我每次都会从他的肝上攫取一点脂肪存起来。
不久后，主人毕业找了工作，他每天又多喝一罐可乐，这时，我的好日子到了。你听，现在我的主人就打开了一罐可乐，一边吃着低脂肪面条，一边喝起来。问题是，只吃面条不蘸调料，能下咽吗？他可能会多吃些糖和盐来增味，这又为我把糖转化为脂肪提供了方便。
这个傻瓜在上大学时，几乎每个周末都会参加体育比赛或骑车，那时他的\'大脑能接收到我发出的瘦蛋白警报，每当我试图膨胀一些，他都能忍住饥饿感。
在一个周末，他喝了些啤酒和白酒，我立刻壮大了一点点。不过，他第二天早上吃的是谷类和一个苹果，然后就骑上了自行车。他的肌肉燃烧掉了所有多余的葡萄糖，我只好将刚刚养出来的一点儿胖身材收缩成了脂肪酸和甘油。我把甘油上交给了肝，肝又把它转化成了葡萄糖用以充当身体燃料。
晚餐时，主人把身子堆在了椅子上，看着桌上的菜，有莴笋、番茄、青椒。蔬菜的纤维减少了他对糖的消化，有点儿不对他的胃口。“怎么吃这些？”他问。“这叫健康饮食。”他老婆回答说。
这对我来说是个坏消息，但我了解主人，他打开了一瓶啤酒。我能从啤酒里捞取和可乐同样多的脂肪。酒里的乙醇是糖的衍生物，所以有一部分会进入肝脏，变为脂肪。
大事不妙，他吃完晚饭后出去遛狗了，好在偶尔走走路是动不了我的储备的。而且我还因祸得福了，他遛狗回来后就坐下来看球赛，夜里他又吃了一些饼干，对我的糖分仓库是个小补充。午夜，他上床睡觉，我依然悠然自在。
1.文章首段看似叙述，实为说明。请作简要分析。
2.作者运用拟人的手法说明事理有什么作用？请举出你最欣赏的一处作简要阐述。
3.提取文章中说到的不良生活习惯、方式，不少于四个。
4.有人认为第九自然段中的“傻瓜”一词用得不妥，因为“主人”“每个周末都会参加体育比赛或骑车”是有益健康的。你对此有何看法？
5.有人说这篇文章的题目是《脂肪细胞攫食记》，既然有“记”这个词，就表明此文属于记叙文。你认同这个看法吗？为什么？
英语阅读理解与作文练习【四】
Therearesomecherriesinthebasket.(一般疑问句，否定回答划线部分提问Kittylikesthebluedress.(用thepinkdress改为选择疑问句Don`tplaywithfires.(换一种说法
Joelikesreading.Dannylikesreadingtoo.(把两句连成一句Pleaseeatsomecakesandbiscuits.(改为否定句划线部分提问Thereissomewaterintheglass.(划线部分提问划线部分提问Whatdayistoday?
What`sthedatetoday?
Whatdoyouusuallydoafterdinner?
Whichpearsdoyouwant,thegreenonesortheyellownoes?Whichwesternholidaydoyoulikebest?Whenisit?
WhatdoyoudoattheLanternFestival?
5B2
Thosebooksareours.(同义句划线部分提问划线部分提问
ThosecrayonsareDanny`s.(.(用Alice改为选择疑问句Arethesetheirschoolbags?(单数句划线部分提问
Theyridetheirbicyclestothepark.(用May改写
Thecocooniswhite.(用browng改为选择问句划线部分提问Heisfouryearsold.(改为一般过去时
Iwasathomeyesterdayevening.(改为一般疑问句
Thecaterpillarslikeeatingleaves.(改为单数句划线部分提问划线部分提问
WhatdoyoueatattheMid-autumnFestival?(根据实际情况回答
英语阅读理解与作文练习【五】
1．答案：在错误中学习，勇于尝试，就有机会获得成功。
2．不能，因为第②段写项羽，第③段写刘邦，第④段引用名言和论述的内容畸②③段的顺序相对应，体现了议诒文的结构的严谨。
3．答案：先用古语作为道理论据，接着用学书、学医两个事例进行阑释井作为事实论据，论证中心论点；最后以古谚作道理论据，再一次论证中心论点。
4．示例一：爱迪生在发明电灯过程中，经过无数次的试验，在失败中不断总结经验教训，最后才获得了成功。
示例二：失败是成功之母。
英语阅读理解与作文练习【六】
考辅P42
1.IgaveTomthebook.／／
2.Heboughthismothersomeflowers.／／
3.Thebridgewasbuiltbyworkerslastyear.／／
4.Wehavetofinishtheworktoday.／／5.Hewilldohishomeworktomorrow.／／
6.Wecleantheroomseveryday.／／7.Thewriterspent3yearsonthebook.／／
8.Itisabookwithalotofbeautifulpictures.／／
9.Thebooksoldverywellduringthefirstweek.／／firstweek.
10.Marywastheonlyoneintheoffice.／／
11.Shefinishedherworkat10o’clock.／／Shedidn’12.Shehadtotakeataxihomebecauseitwastoolate.
13.LizaandMikearrivedattheGreatWallintwohours.
14.Theywerehappytogettothetop.／／
15.TheyenjoyedthemselvesontheGreatWall.／／
16.ThepostmansentSusanandTommyapaperbox.
17.Theyopeneditandfoundapresentfromtheirfriend.
18.Theybothlikedthepresentandfeltveryhappy.
19.Alicedidn’tfeelwelltoday,soshewenttothehospital.
20.Thedoctoraskedhersomequestions.／／
21.Thedoctordidn’tgiveheranymedicineintheend.
（全真１）
1.ThecapitalAirporthasbeeninusefor20years.／／
2.ThecapitalAirportisthelargestoneinChina.／／
3.Ihavenevertakenaplane.MyfriendLiPing,either.／／
（全真２）
1.Fathergave$20formetobuysomebooks.／／
2.IwasexcitedwhenIsawsomanygoodbooksinthebookstore.
3.ButsomebookswouldcostmorethanIhave.／／
ButIdidn’／／（全真3）
1.ManyChinesefriendswenttotheparty.2.Tonywasgivenalotofpresentsbyhisfriends.／／Tony’
3.SeeinghisChineseteacheratthepartymadeTonyveryhappy.／／（全真4）
1.Iwanttoeatsomething.／／2.Therefrigeratorisempty.／／3.Bobspentfifteenyuanonthehamburger.／／／（全真5）
1.Mr.Wangdoesn’tworkinthatfactoryanylonger.／／
2.Mr.Wanglefthomeearlierinordertocatchthebus.3.Mr.Wangfindsitnoteasytogetalongwiththatyoungguy.／／（专家1）
1.Manypeoplewentshoppingyesterday.
2.Janespent4hourstobuyNewyeargifts.／／
3.Shewassotiredthatshecouldn’twalkanylonger.／／
（专家2）
1.Myfriendssaidtome,“Areyoufree?”
2.Shewantedmetogoshoppingwithher.
3.Shethinksitapleasuretogoshoppingwithafriend.
