有些材料不一定新鲜,但如果考生能别出心裁,从另一角度进行开拓,也能提出新的见解、新的观点。运用发散思维,能开拓思路,扩展视野;运用逆向思维,则能推陈出新。2010年高考语文安徽卷作文以诗“交流四水抱城斜,散作千溪遍万家。深处种菱浅种稻,不深不浅种荷花”为材料。可根据的后两句体现“因地制宜”的规律,联想到因人制宜、因事制宜、因文制宜,因国制宜,因楼制宜,因价制宜等。也可从水的角度构思,水抱城郭,深处可种菱,浅出可种稻,不深不浅处可种荷花,无水的岸边可住人家。水有上善之德,泰勒说:“水是万物本源。”水影响了整个生态和世界的变迁,由此还可以联想到一切作为本源的东西,如炎黄、风***、儒家文化圈等。还可从美的`角度立意,本诗用明白简练的语言描绘了吴兴的美景,“美”是从阅读整诗的感受的角度提炼出来的哲理。马克思主义美学观认为“美是主客体的和谐统一”,即“和谐为美”。可以联想五官和谐之美、自然和谐之美、人际和谐之美、国家和谐之美、和谐世界理念。不和谐的是强拆、污染、贸易战争、世界霸权等。
放假的一天,我在家里很无聊,不能看电视也不能上网玩游戏,由于妈妈说怕把眼睛弄近视。我不知道该干什么好。于是,我低头看看客厅的地板,地板上有很多黑黑的脚印和一层厚厚的灰尘,我想:肯定是妈妈很长时间没有拖地扫地。平时妈妈上班那么累,而且我还在地上扔一些果皮纸屑,不如,我就帮妈妈做一次家务吧!
说做就做。我先拿着扫帚和撮子,用扫帚把地上的果皮纸屑扫进撮子里,然后把垃圾倒掉,就开始拖地。我先拿一个桶,然后拧开水龙头,把里面接一半水,再用拖把沾一点水,把水沥干。我拿着拖把来到客厅,刚想开始拖地,就想起妈妈拖地时对我说的话:拖地时要右手向下左手向上的拿着拖把,要不然,地就拖不干净。我先把拖鞋底弄干净,然后按妈妈的方法拿拖把,从门旁边开始拖。我拖一遍觉得很累,而且地也没有拖干净,就产生想放弃的念头,我心想:要是我放弃,不就是半途而废吗?所以我不能放弃。我拖10分钟,终于把地拖好,看见客厅的地板干干净净的,我很开心,这时候才知道成功的喜悦。
今天我很开心,由于我不仅仅学会拖地,还从这件事中明白一个道理:做任何事情都不能半途而废,一定要坚持到底。而且我以后要多帮妈妈做一些力所能及的事,在家里做妈妈的好帮手!
Many people simply regard Pride and Prejudice as a love story, but in my opinion, this book is an illustration of the society at that time. She perfectly reflected the relation between money and marriage at her time and gave the people in her works vivid characters. The characters have their own personalities. Mrs. Bennet is a woman who makes great efforts to marry off her daughters. Mr. Bingley is a friendly young man, but his friend, Mr. Darcy, is a very proud man who seems to always feel superior. Even the five daughters in Bennet family are very different. Jane is simple, innocent and never speaks evil of others. Elizabeth is a clever girl who always has her own opinion. Mary likes reading classic books. (Actually she is a pedant. Kitty doesn’t have her own opinion but likes to follow her sister, Lydia. Lydia is a girl who follows exotic things, handsome man, and is somehow a little profligate. When I read the book, I can always find the same personalities in the society now. That is why I think this book is indeed the representative of the society in Britain in the 18th century.
The family of gentleman in the countryside is Jane Austen’s favourite topic. But this little topic can reflect big problems. It concludes the stratum situation and economic relationships in Britain in her century. You can find these from the very beginning of this book.
The first sentence in this book is impressive. It reads: “It is a truth well known to all the world that an unmarried man in poss ession of a large fortune must be in need of a wife”. The undertone is very clear: the foundation of the marriage at that time is not emotion but possession.
People always think that Austen was an expert at telling love stories. In fact, the marriage in her book is not the result of love, but the result of economic needs. After reading this book, I know the truth is that a poor woman must be in need of a husband, a wealthy man.
I couldn’t forget how eager Mrs. Bennet wants to marry off her daughte rs. If you want to know why she is so crazy about these things, I must mention the situation in Britain at that time. Only the eldest son had the privilege of inheriting his father’s possessions. Younger sons and daughters who are used to luxurious lives have no choice but marry a man or woman in possession of a large fortune to continue their comfortable lives. Thus, we can see that getting married is a way to become wealthier, particularly for women without many possessions. Jane Austen told us that money and possession determined everything, including marriage and love in her century.
In “Pride and Prejudice”, the sister of Mr. Bingley strongly opposed his plan of marrying Jane because the Bennets don’t have many possessions and their social positions are much lower than them. From this, we can see there are a lot of obstacles for a not very rich woman to marry a wealthy husband. The society, the relatives would not allow them to get married.
In modern society, although the marriages of economic needs have decreased rapidly, the concept of “money determines everything” is still rooted in some people’s mind. A lot of parents try hard to interfere their children’s marriages. Education background, possessions, jobs remains the main reason that may influence one’s marriage. Marry for money is still a big problem in our
society. We can’t help thinking: can money determine everything?
Austen left this problem for us to think. The genius of Jane Austen lies in this perfect simplicity, the simplicity that reflects big problems. Although Austen was only 21 when she wrote “Pride and Prejudice”, her sharp observation of social lives makes the style of this book surprisingly mature and lively. The plots in her works are always very natural. The development of the plot is as inevitable as a problem in mathematics. I think the depth of Pride and Prejudice is the reason that makes this book prominent and classic. Today, her book still can be the guide telling us the economic relationships both at her time and in modern time.
有些材料不一定新鲜,但如果考生能别出心裁,从另一角度进行开拓,也能提出新的见解、新的观点。运用发散思维,能开拓思路,扩展视野;运用逆向思维,则能推陈出新。2010年高考语文安徽卷作文以诗“交流四水抱城斜,散作千溪遍万家。深处种菱浅种稻,不深不浅种荷花”为材料。可根据的后两句体现“因地制宜”的规律,联想到因人制宜、因事制宜、因文制宜,因国制宜,因楼制宜,因价制宜等。也可从水的角度构思,水抱城郭,深处可种菱,浅出可种稻,不深不浅处可种荷花,无水的岸边可住人家。水有上善之德,泰勒说:“水是万物本源。”水影响了整个生态和世界的变迁,由此还可以联想到一切作为本源的东西,如炎黄、风***、儒家文化圈等。还可从美的角度立意,本诗用明白简练的语言描绘了吴兴的美景,“美”是从阅读整诗的感受的角度提炼出来的哲理。马克思主义美学观认为“美是主客体的和谐统一”,即“和谐为美”。可以联想五官和谐之美、自然和谐之美、人际和谐之美、国家和谐之美、和谐世界理念。不和谐的是强拆、污染、贸易战争、世界霸权等。
五、通过事理,引申一步
同一个材料可从不同的角度引申事理,要在一般人的思路共集处的基础上,引申一步,提出更新更深的观点。如2010年高考语文上海卷作文材料是“丹麦人钓鱼”的故事和孟子关于捕鱼的论述,素材表达的核心思想是“可持续发展”。材料中的“鱼”可以是自然资源的借代,也可以是一切资源的借喻。那么,可持续的就不仅仅是自然界,还可以是人类自身,是孩子,是自我,是社会,甚至世界本身。材料中的丹麦人、孟子,尺子、渔网,小鱼、大鱼都可以成为构思角度。若从小鱼的角度构思,对渔网和人们心目中的尺寸做反思,呼吁给予它们成长的空间,以便发展、壮大,引申开来可以谈青少年的成长,呼吁给予青少年成长更宽松、自由的空间,谈创新产品的孵化,谈新型文化的命运等,更容易给人以启迪。再如2010年高考语文广东卷作文“与你为邻”,“你”,可以是身边的朋友、同学、同事、领导、孩子、同龄人、长辈等;可以是非身边的,历史上的、社会生活中与自己有一定距离的、文学艺术中的、未来时空中的人物,如苏轼、李清照、洪战辉、丛飞、保尔、林黛玉、甚至是火星人等等;还可以是一种主义、一种信仰、一种理想、一种信念、一种关系、一种意识等。可以从“与你为邻,让我学会了如何做事;与你为邻,让我懂得了如何做人”“与你为邻,说出真话。与你为邻,给出善意。与你为邻,找出美感”“寻找真邻;寻找善邻;寻找美邻”等方面立意。通过事理,做进一步联想,并引申发生开去、会从文题中提炼出好的观点。
今天又是无聊的一天啊,我躺在床上,无所事事的。心想:唉!如果有点有意义的事做该多好啊!突然,一个念头在我心中蠢蠢欲动,那就是帮妈妈做家务。 首先,我帮妈妈扫地。我拿起扫把,把一楼扫一遍,再拿起拖把,把一楼拖一遍。这两件简单的事就花我半天功夫,让我满头大汗。
可是我刚要收拾的时候,又把水桶踢翻,地上满是脏水。我拿起拖把,慢慢地吸光所有的脏水,可是我又不小心踩到拖把,把一半的脏水挤出来。没办法,只好重新再吸一遍。 接下来,我就帮妈妈擦玻璃。我拿起抹布,花九牛二虎之力,才擦好一面玻璃。可是一块地方怎么也擦不掉,仔细的看一下,原来是水泥,我用尽全力,才擦掉这一小片水泥。突然,脚下一打滑,我从椅子上摔下来,可真够疼的!等我擦好所有玻璃,都已经中午。
顺利的\'一项。我把被子甩平,再把被子的两角对折,把对折的两角跟另外一边的两角对折。然后再把被子对折一次,就完成。 这个忙碌的上午使我懂得:妈妈日日都是很辛苦的。我暗暗发誓,以后一定要多孝顺妈妈。
从一人、一事、一物生发开去,从一滴水中可以见太阳。有些材料看起来似乎很平常,但其含义却具有普遍性、典型性。所以,考生应当掌握从一点到全面,从个别到一般,从常见的现象中发掘深刻意义的方法。如2010年高考语文江苏卷作文“绿色生活”可以写环保,但这是大多数考生在第一时间内的第一思维,如果仅从此角度写,很容易人云亦云,造成撞车。如果通过写乡村自然静谧的田园生活,化大为小,仔细描写乡土人情,写出充满乡间气息的古朴的自然风光,激起人们对乡间绿色生活回归的***,那将会收到引人入胜的效果。还可以更妙趣一点,抓住“吃”等日常生活来写,写现在人们生活水平提高了,在“吃”上越来越讲究了,越来越精了,天上飞的、地上爬的、水中游的,什么都吃,而疾病也越来越多,因而提倡一种绿色生活的良好习惯,这样可以起到“四两拨千斤”的效果。若要立意更深刻些,可将“绿色”看做喻体,“绿色生活”就是一种健康朴实平和的生活,“绿色生活”喻指一种淡泊的人生态度。面对当今社会经济转型期,竞争压力不断加大,人心浮躁,感到前途迷茫,自***、他***的事件层出不穷,对此呼唤人们过一种没有世俗污染的自然的生活,崇尚生活的本真,享受人间真情真爱的“绿色生活”。这样的立意就更高远,必能引起阅卷者的青睐。
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