Dear professor Jackson:
I am indeed very sorry that I missed the examination you gave on Moby-Dick last Wednesday. I feel badly about it and want you to know what happened.
On my way to class that day,I had a flat tire,and I had to go with the mechanic when he repaired it. It took me more than one hour to get it done. A copy of the bill is enclosed.
I sincerely hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation. I would appreciate your allowing me to take a make up examination. I will #e to your office during your office hour on Monday to discuss this possibility with you. Once again,I''m sorry fro any inconvenience caused.
Sincerely yours,
Alice
(1)现代汉语中的许多词语保留了古文的一些语法特色,在教授现代文时讲清楚也可以相应地减轻文言文学习的负担,使之在文言文中出现时不再成为新的信息点。如《狼》出现的犬(像狗一样,名词作状语)、洞(打洞,名词用作动词)一类用法现代汉语中也不在少数,如·土崩·瓦解、·星罗·棋布、·蝇营·狗苟(名词作状语),·衣·冠禽兽(名词用作动词),摧·枯拉朽、防·微杜·渐(形容词用作名词),·丰衣·足食、不·远千里、·富国·强兵(使动、意动用法)等。
(2)文言文中特殊的句法结构在现代汉语中也时有出现。
如古汉语中的被动结构形式:为为所于等,现代汉语也不时使用,像鲁迅《藤野先生》中的再继续写些·为正人君子之流·所深恶痛疾的文字,《冰心略传》中的她写出了·为文坛瞩目的短诗集《繁星》和《春水》,还有像受制·于人等。
又如现代文中的词语时不我待等,也保留了古汉语宾语前置的特色。
运用上述方法,将文言文中的许多信息点分散落实在现代文教学中,教师在授课中时常提及、点拨、渗透,慢慢地会在学生心中留下一定的印象。这样,学习文言文的过程,实际上成了对一段时间所积累的古文有关信息点的一个汇总、复习和巩固。要记忆的内容大大减少了,学起来就轻松了许多,学生就可以集中精力去攻克少数几个难点了。
近几年的古文教学我都采用这种方法,没有发现人们时常提及的学生厌学现象,学习目标也容易达到。当然,这种方法对教师提出了较高的要求,教师首先要特别熟悉教材,了解中学阶段古文中所出现的大量词语、语法,进行归纳总结,再从现代文中找出与之相对应的内容,做到心中有数,以便在现代文教学中及时提及、点明;其次,教师要有较高的教学技巧,讲解这些内容要着眼于渗透,做到随风潜入夜,润物细无声。
Dear Dad,
Today is father’s day, for so many years I’ve been seekig a way to express my heartfelt thanks for all you have done for me. Here comes it!
Thank you for always being there sharing my life when I need you most. Whenever I encounter difficulties, I never feel alone and vulnerable, because you will keep me on the right path. I’m blessed to have you.
Thank you for offering me education and teaching me how to be a man. You always inspire me not by words, but by what you have done! Your efforts in the work, your loyalty to your friends, your responsibility for the family and your persistence in the life have already set me good examples in my own life.
Thank you for always appreciating my work, no matter how tiny it is! You have made me realize that it’s capacity not scores that really counts.
Dad, I love you and I will love you forever!
Yours beloved,
Li Ming
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