英语作文开头经典句子写信【一】
一． .................................................................................................................................................. 1
二． .................................................................................................................................................. 1
三． .................................................................................................................................................. 2
四． .................................................................................................................................................. 3
五． .................................................................................................................................................. 8
一简述
1. 当过去分词在句末时，不管有无逗号，都是就近修饰名词;
2.现在分词在句末时，无逗号是就近修饰的名词的定语；
3.当现在分词在句尾且前有逗号时,修饰邻近句子的'主语,做主语的伴随状语或做句子的伴随结果.因此不能用句尾现在分词修饰前面句尾的名词. 所以OG127说C选项:"the phrasehaving been assigned...is uncertain in reference,making the sentence unclear."-->就是说这个现在分词本来是应该修饰前面的employee的,却变成了修饰主语governments了. (另外在GMAT里,having been done的用法错误,应直接用done
避免上述错误的方法:所修饰的名词在句尾用定语从句修饰--OG127正确选项B (而不用加逗号的现在分词修饰.其实分词是定语从句的省略形式,在句中无逗号分词(注意是无逗号的,有逗号的在句中有歧义就比定语从句简洁还有 OG120也是同样道理:修饰句尾名词,正确选项A用定语从句.E选项的句尾现在分词错误.
4.当现在/过去分词在句中且前没有逗号,修饰前面紧邻名词;
5.当现在/过去分词在句中且前后都有逗号,有歧义:1修饰前面紧邻的名词,2向后修饰后面句子的主语.
这种结构在GMAT肯定错,如果修饰某句主语,则避免将该分词置于以名词结尾的句后.避免方式:1用定语从句/介词短语明确修饰对象.2可将分词提到句首,所修饰主语及所在句子紧跟其后-->形成句首分词修饰句子主语.见OG179
6.在前面有多个名词如名词1+介词+名词2结构,而要用分词修饰名词1时,为避免歧义要重复名词1即用同位语结构:名词1+介词+名词2,名词1+分词.见OG208
二．
1、doing/done,SVO 注意分词的逻辑主语与S一致
2、介词/连词+doing/done,SVO 也要注意分词逻辑主语与S一致
3、S,doing/done,V 分词作定语修饰主语（前后一对逗号隔开，相当于定语从句）
注意：如果出现: “名词,doing,名词”，则会有分词前后的修饰歧义，如179DE，245E
4、SVO doing 分词作定语修饰主语，如 96AC，121C，146E，222A，234B，237E
5、SVO,doing
A、分词优先作状语
1）修饰主语（与分词在句首一样，注意逻辑主语），如 33B，39C，44B，120E，163D，256B
2）修饰主句动作，如 78BD，119B，154A，259A
B、其次作定语，但没有定语从句清晰，会有修饰歧义，如 253DE，（“，including”除外 249）
6、SVO done 分词作定语修饰O（同4）
7、SVO,done
A、分词作状语修饰S，如 大全558
B、分词作定语修饰O，如 127A（分词相当于形容词 253A）
some people base on sth是绝对错误的。但是有sb. base sth. on sth.的用法. 三．
1.SVO+doing,无逗号的情况下doing是针对宾语的动作,96AC(OG says : assuring针对主语有问题，121C，146E，222A(OG says: enabling很好的修饰了宾语，234B，237E -------以上证明了ets的偏好,svo+doing修饰主语是模糊的,修饰宾语是清晰的
2.SVO, doing有逗号,33B，39C(Og says:protecting很好的
解释了主语的行为，44B，120E(Og says:错误选项有可能混淆的指代主语而不是逻辑上正确的宾语，163D(Og says:sleeping正确的修饰了主语，256B --------以上证明了在Og中svo,doing的doing多指代主语
3.svo,doing有逗号,78BD(doing指代了前面整个句子的行为，119B(同前，154A(*，259A(同前------------以上证明了Og中svo,doing的doing多指代前面的整个句子
四．例子
产生participle phrases原点是为了to reduce wordiness by replacing longer adverbial or relative clauses，另外要强调的重要讯息不会写成participle phrases，因为分词修饰语属于次等地位(The
modifier is subordinate to the main clause。也就是说A….and B…(A与B一样重要，如果A…V..,B...Ving (就重要性而言A>B
简单一句：分词构句是主要句子的意义延伸。
目前我看到有几种句意：
1. 因果(★★★★★
2. 补述：解释某事(★★★、描述状态并列或伴随(★★、纯举例
participle
phrases如此具困扰性是因为可以改写的来源多
1.由adj. clauses (如who, which开头可改写成分词词组。考题中可分形容词子句限制性、非限制性改分词的考法。
2. 副词子句(有连接词开头的也可改分词词组，所以有因果关系或时间关系，单纯就时间关系看，可以有先后或同时，会有动作是伴随或是并列关系。
3.当三个以上的动词用and相连时，后面的部分也改写成分词(V, Ving... and Ving...。
我看过的说法中，觉得Manhatan GMAT备考网站，里面指导员所讲的分词概念不错，但是他的目的在卖书，所以讲的真的不多。
1.当分词构句放句首，修饰后面句子的主词。前几天看到有人发帖的整理，讲到分词在句首，表示此动作先于主要句子的动作，讲的真好。
2.当分词构句不放在句首时:
if
there's NO COMMA before a participle, then the participle creates an adjective phrase that modifies the noun immediately
preceding.
if
there's a COMMA before a participle, then the participle creates an adverb phrase that modifies the action of the preceding
clause.
PS：逗号的产生可能是插入语，遇到插入语可以跳过不看，不代表分词修饰这个插入语。
判断上抓前句的动词与主词，如果用中文想就是「此主体这个动作的行为导致或表示.....」(to modify the action of。而且不可以只有思考主词或动词。 如果遇到前句有数个动词，以找最近的动词为主，譬如V1 to V2，分词构句修饰V2
3.
participle (V-ing after the comma can not modify the subject of the preceding clause's
noun.
這個考「什么情况下不可以改成分词构句?」除了需要有对等连接词的句子，不可改分词构句，因为句意重要性会被改变外，
打逗号的Ving分词，无法修饰逗号之前的名词，所以非限制的形容词子句最好不要改分词Ving构句(有7個考題，但是Ved分词例外(有两个考题。
英语作文开头经典句子写信【二】
这本书花了我300元。
I spent 300 yuan on the book.
I paid 300 yuan for the book.
The price of the book is 300 yuan.
It cost me 300 yuan to buy the book.
我不懂什么英语，李明也不懂。
I don’t know any English, nor does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, nor does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, neither does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, no more does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, so it is with Li Ming.
I know no more English than Li Ming does.
I know as little English as Li Ming does.
一到家，我就把所见到的一切都记了下来。
On/Upon arriving home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
As soon as I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
The moment I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
英语作文开头经典句子写信【三】
1. Nancy is too young to dress herself.
Nancy is not _____ _____ to dress herself.
2. My watch doesn't work well.
There is ____ _____ _______ my watch.
3. Jane doesn't go to work by bus any longer.
Jane ____ _____ _____ to work by bus.
4. It took Mary two weeks to prepare for the exam.
Mary _____two weeks____ ______ for the exam.
5. It seems that they have known each other.
They seem to _____ _____ each other.
6. "My grandpa doesn't like coffee or coke" said Bob
Bob said that _____grandpa liked _____coffee _____coke.
7. Cao Fei joined the League three years ago.
Cao Fei _____ ____ _____ the League for three years.
8. I prefer walking there to going by bus.
I prefer to walk there ____ _____ going by bus.
9. -Thank you very much. -You're welcome.
- ____ a lot. -Not at____ .
10. Kitty does well in English.
Kitty ____ ____ ____ English.
11. They realized Hainan was a beautiful place after they reached there.
They____ realize Hainan was a beautiful place_____ they reached there.
12. We will have to finish the work hardly if you don't help us. We can't finish the work _____ _____ ______
13. My dictionary isn't so thick as yours.
My dictionary is _____ than yours.
14. Could you tell me where the East Street Hospital is? Excuse me, ____ is the _____ to the East Street Hospital?
15. The book is exciting to read.
It is ____ _____ read the book.
16. Jack's mother asked him, "Have you packed your things?" Jack's mother asked him ____ he ____ packed his things.
17. She likes singing better than dancing. She ____ singing ____ dancing.
18. Remember to ring me up as soon as you get to Nanjing Make ____ to give me a ring as soon as you _____ Nanjing.
19. They couldn't catch the train because of the heavy traffic. The heital?
15. The book is exciting to read.
It is ____ _____ read the book.
16. Jack's mother asked him, "Have you packed your things?" Jack's mother asked him ____ he ____ packed his things.
17. She likes singing better than dancing. She ____ singing ____ dancing.
18. Remember to ring me up as soon as you get to Nanjing Make ____ to give me a ring as soon as you _____ Nanjing.
19. They couldn't catch the train because of the heavy traffic. The heavy traffic _____ them from _____ the train.
20. My brother has been away from home for two days.
My brother _____ home two days _____ .
21. Li Lei decided to move to Canada when he was thirty.
Li Lei made a _____ to move to Canada at the _____ of thirty.
22. Jim was too careless to pass the exam last term.
Jim was not_____ _____ to pass the exam last term.
23. If you don't hurry up, you can't catch the train.
Hurry up, _____ you may _____ the train.
24. Yang Li wei said to us, "I'm going to visit your school tomorrow. " We were all pleased.
We were all pleased when we heard Yang Li wei_____ visit_____ school the next day.
25. This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. I have ____seen _____ an interesting film before.
26. I was late for school because of the traffic accident. The traffic accident _____ me _____ getting to school on time.
英语作文开头经典句子写信【四】
??上书店读书笔记之经典句子这是一本关于全世界所有书的书，写给全世界所有真正爱书的人。《岛上书店》是一本现象级全球畅销书。下面是相关的，快来看看吧，也许对你有帮助哦。
1.没有谁是一座孤岛，每本书都是一个世界
2.独自生活的难处，在于不管弄出什么烂摊子，都不得不自己清理。
3.独自生活的难处在于没人在乎你心烦意乱
4.二十岁有共鸣的东西到四十岁不一定产生共鸣，反之亦然。书本如此，生活亦是如此。
5.我们读书因为我们孤单，我们读书然后就不孤单，我们并不孤单。
6.我们得去相信，我们时常接受失望，然后我们才能重整旗鼓
7.一个人一旦在乎一件事，就不得不在乎一切事
8.跟一个情不投意不合的人过日子，倒不如一个人过得好。
9.一个人无法自成孤岛，那么至少一个人无法成自最理想的孤岛。
10.好的.婚姻，至少有一半是阴谋。
11.想要了解一个人，你只需要问一个问题“你最喜欢那本书”
12.生活中的每一件糟糕的事，都是时机不当的结果，每一件好事，都是恰到好处的结果。
13.通过阅读我们了解到自己并不孤单。
14.不是专门说写作，不过有一天，你也许会想到婚姻。要是有谁觉得比你在一屋子中是独一无二的，那就选那个人吧。
15.长的漂亮不是追求人的好理由。
16.他不相信有什么命中唯一，世界上千万万的人，没有什么特别。
17.失窃是种可被接受并能促进社交的损失，而死亡却让人们被孤立。
18.因为心里害怕我们不值得被爱，所有我们独来独往。
19.有时，顾客和店员都走后，她觉得世界上只有她和AJ两个人。任何别的人都不如他那样真实，别人只是不同季节所穿的不同鞋子，仅此而已。AJ不用站在椅子上就能够摸到墙纸，能够边讲电话边操作收款机，能够把重重的一箱箱书举过头顶，能够使用长得让她难以相信的单词，他无所不知，无所不晓。谁能跟AJ费克里相比? ——加布瑞埃拉·泽文《岛上书店》
20.玛雅知道她的妈妈把她留在小岛书店，但是也许每个小孩在某个岁数都会遇到这种事。有些孩子被留在鞋店，有些被留在玩具店，还有些被留在三明治店。你的整个人生都取决于你被留在什么店里。她可不想生活在三明治店。 ——加布瑞埃拉·泽文《岛上书店》
21.这个镇上的人一直认为他势利冷漠，似乎让人很难相信就因为一个孩子被遗弃在他的书店里，这样一个人居然就会收养这个小孩。 ——加布瑞埃拉·泽文《岛上书店》
22.她吻遍他那个有毛病的脑袋上的每个地方。 “我以前喜欢这个头脑，我现在也喜欢这个头脑!这是个非常好的头脑。” “我也喜欢。”他说。 护工来把他推走。 “我爱你。”她听天由命地耸耸肩， “我想留给你什么更聪明的话，但是我只知道那一句。” ——加布瑞埃拉·泽文《岛上书店》
23.兰比亚斯已不像年轻时那么顽固了。他发现人们会做出各种各样的事，通常自有其理由。 ——加布瑞埃拉·泽文《岛上书店》
24.如果詹妮是一本书，她会是一本刚从箱子里取出来的平装书——书页没有折角，没有水渍，书脊上没有折痕。 ——加布瑞埃拉·泽文《岛上书店》
25.没有人会漫无目的的旅行，那些迷路者是希望迷路。 没有谁是一座孤岛，一书一世界 ——加布瑞埃拉·泽文《岛上书店》
26.一个人无法自成孤岛，那么至少，一个人无法自成最理想的孤岛。 ——加布瑞埃拉·泽文《岛上书店》
27.我们不全是长篇小说，也不全是短篇故事 最后的最后，我们成为一部人生作品集 ——加布瑞埃拉·泽文《岛上书店》
28.AJ看着穿粉红色礼服的玛雅，心里隐约沸腾着一种熟悉的，略微有点让他难以忍受的欢欣感。他想大笑，想一拳砸在墙上。他觉得自己醉了，或者至少是喝了太多汽水。精神失常了。一开始他觉得这是快乐，而后才知道这就是爱。要命的爱，他想。真是烦人。这完全毁了他打算把自己喝死，把生意做垮的计划。这其中最令人恼火的是，一旦一个人在乎一件事，就发现自己不得不开始在乎一切事。 ——加布瑞埃拉·泽文《岛上书店》
29.节日假期真正的礼物，是它有结束之时。 ——加布瑞埃拉·泽文《岛上书店》
30.我知道坏人的下场是罪有应得，但是哦，坏人也真的不想孤独一个人。 ——加布瑞埃拉·泽文《岛上书店》
31.长得漂亮不是追求人的好理由。 ——加布瑞埃拉·泽文《岛上书店》
32.一旦一个人在乎一件事，就发现自己不得不开始在乎一切事。 ——加布瑞埃拉·泽文《岛上书店》
33.跟一个情不投意不合的人过日子倒不如一个人过得好。 ——加布瑞埃拉·泽文《岛上书店》
英语作文开头经典句子写信【五】
1一次无意中，我从书桌中翻出了一本积满灰尘的相册，在第二排，我找到了你，我的同桌，顿时一首歌回荡在耳边，那首《同桌的你》。
2“你是否还会想起，问我借半块橡皮？”记得你是个健忘的人，经常不带橡皮，老是问我借，害得一次考试后老师找我谈话，说我和你用橡皮打小抄，可怜的我被老师罚站一节课。幸好你不是那种忘恩负义之人，下课后会递上一块口香糖，使我在苦中找到甜蜜。
3“你是否还会想起，猜不出问题的你？”记得你的成绩如此优秀，但你是个不折不扣的地理盲。语文课上生龙活虎的你，在地理课上简直成了一只小鸡，蜷缩了起来，连举手的勇气也没有，可老师偏偏喜欢请你发言。哎，也真是难为了同学们的耳朵了———你说英国和美国是邻国，中国和日本海间隔着印度洋，甚至你说全世界只有两大洲，亚洲和非洲正因为有了你的“胡言乱语”，平时我最喜欢的课，除了体育课，就是地理课了。
4哦，对了。说到体育课，你可真厉害。外表看上去，那么漂亮的女孩子，竟是个体育狂热爱好者，100米短跑15秒1搞定，立定跳远超过了所有的男同学，因此有这么多男同学愿意和你踢球。你和我，便成了球场上的两个箭头，弄得对方守门员时时手忙脚乱。记得吗？上次我们踢了(2班一个6比0，你还大为不爽呢！
5“谁把你的长发盘起”你有着一头乌黑、漂亮的长发，但你却不去整理，也许这与你的性格有关吧，但你不至于让我这样一个堂堂男子汉为你梳头，幸好还很早没有人看到，不然，又要到办公室报到了。
6毕业典礼那天，你哭了。因为你要远行去日本念书。我们最后一次坐在一起了，毕竟5年了。我也忍不住流下了眼泪。当时气氛真的好奇怪，我强忍着内心的不舍，终于道出了一句缓和气氛的话：“这下你终于知道中国和日本之间是什么海了吧？”你笑了，笑得多么灿烂啊！
7同桌，你现在到底怎样了？我好想知道，你的体育成绩仍那么优秀吗？你的地理成绩有所长进吗？我现在真想把《同桌的你》这首歌唱给你听，回味那难忘的小学时光。
英语作文开头经典句子写信【六】
非谓语动词系列训练（二）
一：在句子意思不变的情况下用分词或不定式改写下列句子：
1.When he saw from the top of the mountain, he viewed a beautiful city.
-----___________from the top of the mountain, he viewed a beautiful city.(用分词
2．When it was seen from the of the mountain, the city looks like a garden. (用分词 ------_____________from the of the mountain, the city looks like a garden. city. (用分词
3.When he was asked why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight.
-------When ________ why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight. (用分词
4. Do you know the boy who knows Japanese?
----- Do you know the boy ___________ Japanese? (用分词
5. Do you know the boy who is called Tom.
---- Do you know the boy ________Tom.- (用分词
6. This is the man who organized the activity.
This is the man________________ the activity. (用分词
7. He followed his students and came in.
------ He came in, ____________ his students(用分词
8. He came in and was followed by his students
----- He came in ,____________by his students(用分词
9.The woman who was dressed in a blue skirt delivered a speech to us.
---- The woman _____________ in a blue skirt delivered a speech to us. (用分词
10. Because he is a physicist, he could well explained how to do the research.
---- _______ a physicist, he could well explained how to do the research. (用分词
11. He was born on the 18th of January, 1979 in Taiwan, and he was raised by his mother and was shy and quiet during his childhood.
----- ____________on the 18th of January, 1979 in Taiwan, and he was raised by his mother and was shy and quiet during his childhood. (用分词
12. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless it is watered every day.
---The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ____________ every day. (用分词
13．When we were walking dogs, we came across a famous professor.
------ When ____________ dogs, we came across a famous professor. (用分词
14. He donated over 10 billion dollars in order that he could sponsor education, culture, sports, and public welfare in the earth-stricken area.
----- He donated over 10 billion dollars _____________education, culture, sports, and public welfare in the earth-stricken area.(用不定式
15 After he had finished his homework, he played the piano.
----- ____________ his homework, he played the piano.
16. After the bridge had been completed, it went through a hard time because of the bad weather.
----______________________, it went through a hard time because of the bad weather.
17 It is said that Bell invented the telephone.
18. Bell is said __________ the telephone. (用不定式
19. I don’t decide what I should do.
I don’t decide what__________(用不定式
20. It happened that he had been invited
---- He happened _____________
21.He was so young that he could not go to school. He was too young __________ to school.
22. When the test was finished, we began our holiday.
----- The test __________, we began our holiday.(用独立主格结构
23. As time goes by ,he becoms aware of it.
With time ________ by, he becomes aware of the significant of it.
24. The moon, which travels round the earth once every month, is a natural satellite of the earth.
---- The moon, ___________ round the earth once every month, is a natural satellite of the earth.
25. Though he had been told several times, he didn’t understand me.
-----_______ several times, he didn’t understand me.
26. After the problem was solved,he took a rest.
----With the problem ____________, he took a rest.
27. If time permits, we will
28．He lay there, his hand clenched, his eyes looking straight up.
---He lay there, his hand_______, his eyes looking straight up
29.I once read a book called Man, Woman and Child, which enabled me to understand the love in a family.
------I once read a book called Man, Woman and Child, ______________ me to understand the love in a family. (用分词
30.There are many places of interest, among which is the Yunji mountain,whose scenery is very beautiful, which attracts lots of tourists from different places every year.
------There are many places of interest, among which is the Yunji mountain,whose scenery is very beautiful, ____________ lots of tourists from different places every year. (用分词
二：非谓语动词完成句子练习
there was no doctor available. (only
, playing cards at home or taking a walk in the park? (spend
. (think
包括三名儿童）. (child
5. 根据他的话判断）, he did well in his exam. (judge
the Tang Dynasty. (date
7. This is an article （由五部分组成）five parts. (consist
five parts.(make
as soon as possible. (solve
bored a lot of fans to death. (concern
, l cannot object to your marriage. (concern
子）at school? （keep）
（躲在木箱里）behind the door. (hide
,we had to walk home last night. (be.
in the broad daylight yesterday. (rob
（满是脚印）. (mark
（石油价格上涨）, the economy of that country is slowing down. (go
18. When the national flag is being hoisted, all the students stand at attention, . (fix
him, I decided to write again. (hear
20. He doesn’t seem to mind by others. (make
next week is of great importance. (hold
is very important. (hold
is of great importance. (hold
the Third World. (belong
（致力于研究）, the professor paid little attention to his surroundings. (devote
in the morning. (come
（为了确保那孩子尽快康复），five doctors took turns looking after him day and night. (ensure
，the old man struggled to his feet. (help
, the parents were taken to the dining room. （show）
（.support）
. （drop）
, I am not familiar with this kill. (tell
（为了不被注意）by others . (notice
三：合并下列句子
1. The annual school sports meeting was held yesterday. It presented a marvelous opening ceremony.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. After the opening ceremony, we sat in the base of our class. We waited patiently for the beginning of the race.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Some of my classmates work very hard, and they hope to fulfill their dream. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4..My friend Christine took part in the 800-meter race. She had received training many times, so she kept calm before the race. After 400 meters, though she looked tired, she still tried her best to run. We screamed and beat the drum when we saw she passed by. She won the medal, and we were proud of it. (把短文中的从句或并列句改成非谓语动词
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
四：语篇填空 用所给动词的适当形式填空。(一）
Freud was one of the first scientists [1]_________（make）serious research of the mind. The mind is the collection of activities [2]_________（base） in the brain that involve how we act, think, feel and reason. He used long talks with patients and the study of dreams [3]___________（search） for the causes of mental and emotional problems. He also tried hypnosis(催眠. He wanted to see if [4]________（put）patients into a sleep-like condition would help ease
[5]________（trouble） minds. In most cases he found the effects only temporary. Freud worked hard, although what he did might sound easy. His method involved [6]________ (sit with his patients and [7]________（listen）to them talk. He had them [8]________（talk）about whatever they were thinking. All ideas, thoughts and anything that entered their mind had to
[9]___________（express）. There could be no[10]________（hold）back because of fear or guilt. 基础写作 :最近，你就读的学校——广东实验中学高中部将举办开放日。 你将作为学校的
学生代表向前来参观的英语老师介绍高中校区的基本情况，请准备好你的解说词，文章的开头和结尾已为你写好。(学会用非谓语动词表达）
?位置交通：位于广州市西部，荔湾区；出行便利，步行到地铁站约10分钟。 ?学校历史：逾120年的悠久历史；现高中校区于2004年 竣工并投入使用。 ?校园环境：占地面积约125,000平方米；植物繁茂，绿树成荫，环境优美。 ?校园设施：课室宽敞明亮，配备齐全；拥有标准运动 设施，
其中综合体育馆可用于举办比赛、会议和典礼。
?师生情况：目前学生约3000人，教师约200人；全体师生正在
为学校更美好的明天共同奋斗。
?【写作要求】
?只能用5个句子表达全部内容。?【评分标准】 ?句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
Good morning, teachers! Welcome to Guangdong Experimental High School!.....
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非谓语动词练习答案
1．Seeing 2.Seen (原句有误，请改成When it was seen from the top of the mountain,the city is beautiful (用分词 3. asked 4. knowing 5. called 6. organizing 7. following 8. followed 9. dressed 10. Being 11. Born 12. watered 13. walking 14. to sponsor 15. Having finished 16. Having been completed 17 18.. to have invented
19.to do 20. to have been invited 21. to go 22 finished 23. going 24. travelling 25. Having been toldTold 26. solved 27.permitting 28. clenched 29.enabling 30. attracting
二：非谓语动词完成句子练习
Keys:
1. only to be told (that 2. to spend your spare/free time
3. thinking about 4. including three children/ three children included
5. Judging from / by his words/what he said
6. dating back to/from (which dates back to/from
7. consisting of / which consists of
8. made up of/which is made up of 9. to solve the problem
10. concerning the football match 11. As/So far as I am concerned
12. (in keeping five children 13. hidden in a wooden box
14. There being no bus 15. to have been robbed
16. Seen from the top of 17. Seeing from the top of
18. To see 19. marked with footprints
20. the price of oil going up 21. fixed on/upon the national flag
22. with (both his hands tied 23. Not having heard from
24. (his being made fun of 25. to be held
