1。hereby
该词意为by means of , by reason of this, by this agreement,“特此”,“因此”,“兹”,“在此”。此词常用作法律、经贸文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语,在合同条款中需特别强调时也可用,表示当事人借此合约,要宣示某种具有法律效力的“意思表示”,如保证、同意、放弃权利等,一般放于主语后,紧邻主语。如:The Company hereby covenants and warrants that…… 意为:By this agreement the Company covenants and warrants that……即:公司在此保证……再如:Both parties hereby agree that……意为:By this agreement both parties agree that……即:双方当事人在此同意……
2。hereof
该词意为:of this agreement,“关于此点”;“在本文件中”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:to take effect on the date hereof 意为:to take effect on the date of this agreement 即:于本合约之日期生效。再如:the headings of the sections hereof 意为:the headings of the sections of this agreement 即:本合约各条款之标题。
3。hereto
该词意为:to this agreement,“至此”,“在此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的……本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的`名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:both parties hereto 意为both parties to this agreement,即本合约之当事人双方;items specified in Attachment I and hereto 意为:items specified in Attachment I to this agreement 即:本合约之附件I所列之各项。
4。herein
该词意为:in this agreement,“此中”,“于此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同(中)的……,本法(中)的……”等,一般置于所修饰词后,紧邻所修饰词。如:to file a suit in the court agreed to herein 意为:to file a suit in the court agreed to in this agreement 即:向当事人于本合约中同意管辖的法院提起诉讼;再如:to follow the terms and conditions herein 意为:to follow the terms and conditions in this agreement,即:遵守本合约所规定的条件。
5。hereinafter
该词意为:later in the same Contract,“以下”,“在下文”,一般与to be referred to as, referred to as, called 等词组连用,以避免重复。
6。hereunder
该词意为:under this agreement,“在本合约内”、“依据本合约”。如:obligations hereunder,意为obligations under this agreement,即“本合约内的义务”。再如:rights granted hereunder,意为rights granted under this agreement,即“依本合约所赋予的权利”。
绿川幸是我最喜爱的日本漫画家之一。他的漫画作品大多以短篇为主,构思巧妙,因而拥有众多漫迷。
Through her works, my favorite one is Xiamuyourenzhang.
在她的作品中我最喜爱的一部是《夏目友人帐》。
The comic book mainly talks about that the hero Xiamuguizhi has a special ability to see the bogies. He is unsociable because his parents are dead. And he often lives in his relatives' home when he is a little boy and his friends at his age always tease him because he has a special ability. Although he experiences many unfortunate things, he is still very kind and without complaint at anyone. Eventually he is adopted by a couple who is very friendly and let him go to high school. One day, He is pursued by a bogie and hid in a shrine. He breaks a powerful bogie‘s seal whose name is Ban. And that involves her grandmother Xiamulingzi’s relics--a contract that sigh with the bogies. Since then, this powerful bogie turns itself into a cat in daily life to stay with Xiamu to protect him with the condition that Xiamu should give the contract to it after he die. But before that Xiamu decides to try his best to give the name in the contracts to the bogies and let them get free. Thus, a loving, touching, scary story is opened up.
《夏目友人帐》主要讲述了男主人公夏目贵志拥有可以看到妖怪的特殊能力。因为父母双亡他的性格较为孤僻,并且由于他具有特殊的能力,他常辗转在于亲戚之间并被同龄人欺负。虽然他经历了许多不幸,但他依旧有好善良没有埋怨任何人。最终他被有好善良的藤原夫妇收养并进入高中。有一天,他被妖怪追赶躲进神社,不小心打破了一只强大妖怪斑的封印。并牵涉到了他祖母夏目玲子的遗物—一本同妖怪签订的`契约书。之后,这只强大的妖怪平时便变成猫的样子待在夏目身边保护他,但是他的条件是夏目死后要把这本契约书给它。但在此之前夏目决定尽其所能把契约书上的名字还给妖怪们让它们得到自由。由此,一个个温馨、感人、惊险的故事就此展开。
In addition, yuki midorikawa has another special work called Yinghuozhisen is also really moving ,sad and beautiful. I suggest that you all can watch it when you have free time.
此外,绿川幸的另一部作品《萤火之森》同样十分治愈感人建议大家有空可以看看。
一只小熊猫摘了一只大南瓜,想把它拿回家。但是这只南瓜太大了,她没有办法把这么大的南瓜带回家。
突然她看见一只狗熊骑着一辆自行车朝她这边来。她看着自行车,跳着说:“有了!我有办法了。我可以把南瓜滚回家去。南瓜好像车轮。
于是她把那瓜滚回家。当她妈妈看到这只大南瓜的时候,很惊讶:“天啊!这么食的南瓜!你是怎么把它带回家来的?”小熊猫自豪地说;“我拎不动它,可是我能滚动它啊!”她妈妈微笑着说:“真聪明啊!记住:只要你肯动脑筋,没有难办的事。
When I was very small, I like to watch Mickey Mouse very much. He is so funny and makes me laugh out loudly. Later, I have seen a lot of Disney animation, and all of them attract me. The films that Disney company makes have high quality, and the plots will never let me down. Maybe no other company can please so many children.
在我很小的时候,我就很喜欢看米老鼠。它很有趣,总是可以让我大声笑出来。之后,我看过很多迪斯尼动画,都很吸引我。迪斯尼公司生产高质量的电影,故事情节永远不会让我失望。也许没有其他公司能取悦这么多的孩子。
同学们,你们好,我们都要写作业,你喜欢坐在教室里或家里一遍又一遍地抄课文,还是喜欢抛开学校和家里的两点一线,在大自然中畅游呢?在大自然中呼吸着空气,画一幅美丽的画或写一篇。
相比之下,我还是比较喜欢后者——在大自然中畅游。大自然是奇妙的`,美丽的,在大自然中,闻一闻喷香的泥土,看一看美丽的花朵,体验大自然中的乐趣。
记得有一次上美术课,老师让我们到大自然中记录大自然的美丽。我们像一群快乐的小蜜蜂似的涌入了田野,我看到了一条清澈的小溪中有一群小鱼在快乐地玩耍。我看见美丽的花朵上有勤劳的小蜜蜂在采蜜,我还看见一群蝴蝶在翩翩起舞。小鸟在树上不停地唱歌。回到教室后我很容易的画出一幅具有大自然特点的画。
回去后老师问我们是不是喜欢这样写作业。我们异口同声地说:“喜欢。”老师说:“既然这样,我们以后要多做这样的作业。”
我喜欢这样的作业,因为这样可以开阔我们的眼界,增加我们的见识。
1。Whereas
该词意为:considering that, “鉴于”,“就(而论”,常用于合同协议书的开头段落以引出合同双方订立合同的理由或依据。如:Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology of Party B to manufacture and sell the Contract Products……鉴于甲方希望利用乙方的专利技术制造并销售合同产品。
2。Whereby
该词意为:by the agreement, by the following terms and conditions,“凭此协议”,“凭此条款”,常用于合同协议书中以引出合同当事人应承担的主要合同义务。如:
A sales contract refers to a contract whereby the seller transfers the ownership of an object to the buyer and the buyer pays the price for the object。 句中a contract whereby the seller transfers……意为:a contract by which the seller transfers……
以上是对外经贸合同英语中几个典型旧体词用词方面的重要的特点,笔者希望初涉外经贸合同的教师和学生予以留意,有针对性地学习,达到事半功倍的效果;也希望进行外贸合同写作时也能把握住这几个特点,写出好的外经贸合同,顺利地进行外贸业务往来。
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