Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
A tiger is a kind of catamount animal. It looks like a cat, but much bigger than a cat. A tiger is very ferocious and it eats mainly meat. It has yellow and black streaks all over its body and it looks very beautiful. Its tail is long and strong and it can hit its quarry dying.
Tigers live in the thick forests and small animals in the forests are tigers' food.
During the past years, many forests have been cut down and the living conditions of the tigers are becoming worse and worse. There are fewer tigers left in the world now. Tigers are the animals of the world, and they should have their own living spaces. We must do our best to protect the tigers and their living environment.
“立冬”和“立秋”一样,古人同样在这个季节用占卜的方法来看冬天的冷暖,如“立冬晴,一冬凌(寒冷;立冬阴(阴雨,一冬温(暖冬”。不无例外,古代也有到立冬这天,皇帝会亲自率领三公九卿大夫到北郊行"迎冬"之礼。
我国古代将立冬分为三候:"一候水始冰;二候地始冻;三候雉人大水为蜃。"此节气水已经能结成冰;土地也开始冻结;三候"雉人大水为蜃"中的雉即指野鸡一类的大鸟,蜃为大蛤。
立冬后,野鸡一类的大鸟便不多见了,而海边却可以看到外壳与野鸡的线条及颜色相似的大蛤。所以古人认为雉到立冬后便变成大蛤了。
立冬时节,太阳已到达黄经225°,北半球获得的太阳辐射量越来越少,由于此时地表夏半年贮存的热量还有一定的剩余,所以一般还不太冷。
晴朗无风之时,常有温暖舒适的“小阳春”天气,不仅十分宜人,对冬作物的生长也十分有利。但是,这时北方冷空气也已具有较强的势力,常频频南侵,有时形成大风、降温并伴有雨雪的寒潮天气。
按气候学上的标准,“秋分”时节,我国长江流域及其以北的广大地区,日平均气温都降到了22℃以下,为物候上的秋天了。此时,来自北方的冷空气团,已经具有一定的势力。全国绝大部分地区雨季已经结束,凉风习习、碧空万里、风和日丽、秋高气爽、丹桂飘香、蟹肥菊黄等词语,都是对此时景象的描述
秋分节气,也是农业生产上重要的节气,秋分后太阳直射的`位置移至南半球,北半球得到的太阳辐射越来越少,而地面散失的热量却较多,气温降低的速度明显加快。农谚说:“一场秋雨一场寒”,“白露秋分夜,一夜冷一夜”。“八月雁门开,雁儿脚下带霜来”,东北地区降温早的年分,秋分见霜已不足为奇。
气象专家介绍说,按农历来讲,“立秋”是秋季的开始,到“霜降”为秋季终止,“秋分“正好是从立秋到霜降90天的一半。从秋分这一天起,气候主要呈现三大特点:阳光直射的位置继续由赤道向南半球推移,北半球昼短夜长的现象将越来越明显,白天逐渐变短,黑夜变长(直至冬至日达到黑夜最长,白天最短;昼夜温差逐渐加大,幅度将高于10℃以上;气温逐日下降,一天比一天冷,逐渐步入深秋季节。南半球的情况则正好相反。
秋季降温快的特点,使得秋收、秋耕、秋种的“三秋”大忙显得格外紧张。秋分棉花吐絮,烟叶也由绿变黄,正是收获的大好时机。华北地区已开始播种冬麦,长江流域及南部广大地区正忙着晚稻的收割,抢晴耕翻土地,准备油菜播种。秋分时节的干旱少雨或连绵阴雨是影响“三秋”正常进行的主要不利因素,特别是连阴雨会使即将到手的作物倒伏、霉烂或发芽,造成严重损失。“三秋”大忙,贵在“早”字。及时抢收秋收作物可免受早霜冻和连阴雨的危害,适时早播冬作物可争取充分利用冬前的热量资源,培育壮苗安全越冬,为来年奠定下丰产的基础。“秋分不露头,割了喂老牛”,南方的双季晚稻正抽穗扬花,是产量形成的关键时期,早来低温阴雨形成的“秋分寒”天气,是双晚开花结实的主要威胁,必须认真做好预报和防御工作。
To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour.
一沙一世界,
一花一天堂,
手中即无限,
永恒亦短暂。
而看完后我又收集了一些资料。例如水占地球面积71%,而咸水占97.5%,淡水占2.5%,在2.5%中又有87%是人类不可利用的\'两极冰盖,冰川,冰雪。人类可用的淡水占总水量的0.26%,而这些淡水大部分是地下水。实际上,人类可以从江河湖泊里提取的淡水,只占总水量的0.014%。所以说节约用水也不是没有道理的。
我们尽可能地做到低碳出行,不开小轿车,不用干洗机,自然晾干衣物,使用节能灯具,减少二氧化碳的排放。
大自然养育了我们,我们却不断地向大自然索取。让我们行动起来,保护地球,让我们的地球母亲少一点压力吧!
按气候学上的标准,“秋分”时节,我国长江流域及其以北的广大地区,日平均气温都降到了22℃以下,为物候上的秋天了。此时,来自北方的冷空气团,已经具有一定的势力。全国绝大部分地区雨季已经结束,凉风习习、碧空万里、风和日丽、秋高气爽、丹桂飘香、蟹肥菊黄等词语,都是对此时景象的描述。
秋分节气,也是农业生产上重要的节气,秋分后太阳直射的位置移至南半球,北半球得到的太阳辐射越来越少,而地面散失的热量却较多,气温降低的速度明显加快。农谚说:“一场秋雨一场寒”,“白露秋分夜,一夜冷一夜”。“八月雁门开,雁儿脚下带霜来”,东北地区降温早的年分,秋分见霜已不足为奇。
气象专家介绍说,按农历来讲,“立秋”是秋季的开始,到“霜降”为秋季终止,“秋分“正好是从立秋到霜降90天的一半。从秋分这一天起,气候主要呈现三大特点:阳光直射的位置继续由赤道向南半球推移,北半球昼短夜长的现象将越来越明显,白天逐渐变短,黑夜变长(直至冬至日达到黑夜最长,白天最短;昼夜温差逐渐加大,幅度将高于10℃以上;气温逐日下降,一天比一天冷,逐渐步入深秋季节。南半球的情况则正好相反。
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