作文英语万能句子大全初一 - 学习作文网

作文英语万能句子大全初一【一】

第三次课：分词在句子中的用法

教学目标：使学生初步了解及在句子使用分词

教学内容：

一、动名词及不定式作业讲解

二、分词

现在分词和过去分词两种。

作为谓语，现在分词和be 一起构成进行时；过去分词和be一起构成被动语态，和have一起构成完成时。

例如：

I am reading a novel by Maupassant. 我正在看一本莫泊桑写的小说。（现在分词和be 一起表示主语正在进行的动作。）

Mr. Robinson has drunk five glasses of wine already. 鲁宾逊先生已经喝了五杯酒了。（过去分词和have 一起表示主语已经完成的动作。）

The gold fish bowl was broken by Xiao Tao just now. 金鱼缸刚才被小陶打破了。（过去分词和be 一起表示主语是动作的承受者。）

作为非谓语形式，分词可用作形容词和副词，在句子中充当定语、表语、补语和状语。但它仍保持动词的一般特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语。分词和自己的宾语、状语构成分词短语。现在分词有一般式和完成式。它的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的行为或存在的状态；它的完成式（having + 过去分词）表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作或存在的状态。

现在分词有主动语态和被动语态(being + 过去分词。

过去分词只有一般式，表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。过去分词（及物动词）本身可以表示被动的含义，因而没有别的被动形式。

例如：

Having failed three times, he didn’t want to try again. (=As he had failed three times, he didn’t want to try again. 他失败了三次，不想再干了。（having failed 表示发生在前的动作）

Walking along the sands, Crusoe saw in the sand the mark of a man’s foot. (=While he was walking along the sands, Crusoe? 克鲁索沿着沙滩走的时候，看见沙上有人的脚印。（walking 表示同时发生的动作）

The question being discussed seems important. (=The question is being discussed. It seems important. 正在讨论的问题似乎很重要。

The old days are gone. 旧时代一去不复返了。（gone 表示完成的状态）

I had my hair cut yesterday. 我昨天理发了。（cut 是及物动词的过去分词，表示“被人理发”。）分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上not, never等否定词构成。

例如：

Not fearing the fire, the child touched and got a finger burnt. 小孩儿不知道怕火，用手去摸，把手指烫了。

Not knowing how to find the subway, I asked a policeman for help. 我不知道怎样找到地铁，就去找警察帮忙。

（一）现在分词和过去分词的区别

（1）在语态上现在分词表示主动的意思，表示它所修饰的人或物的行为；及物动词的过去分词表示被动的意思，表示它所修饰的人或物是动作的承受者。换言之，现在分词是它修饰

的成分所作出的动作，过去分词是它修饰的成分所承受的动作。

例如：

convincing facts 有说服力的事实 / convinced audience 被说服了的听众

the exploiting class 剥削阶级 / the exploited class被剥削阶级

a frightening dog一条让人害怕的狗 / a frightened dog一条被吓坏了的狗

driving gears主动齿轮 / driven gears从动齿轮

（2）在时间上，现在分词往往表示动作正在进行，过去分词表示动作已完成。

例如：

the rising sun (正在升起的太阳 / the risen sun（升起的太阳）

the falling rain（正在下的雨）/ the fallen leaves（落下的树叶）

stolen money（被盗的钱/偷来的钱）/ill-gotten wealth（不义之财）

a high-flying kite（高飞的风筝）

再看一些例子：

boiling water 沸腾的水/boiled water 开水/developing countries 发展中国家/developed countries 发达国家/an exciting story 令人激动的故事/ excited people 激动的人们

（2）在时间上，现在分词往往表示动作正在进行，过去分词表示动作已完成。

再看一些例子：

surprising news令人惊讶的消息/a surprised man受惊吓的人/an inspiring leader具有号召力的领袖/the inspired soldiers受到鼓舞的士兵/a delighted speech令人高兴的演说/the delighted audience(感到高兴的听众/a moving film动人的电影/the moved children受到感到的孩子们/a box containing tea装茶叶的盒子/the tea contained in a box装在盒里的茶叶/ falling snow正在下的雪/fallen snow box落在地上的雪

（3）做表语时的不同。现在分词做表语表示主语所具有的特征，意思是“令人如何”。过去分词多表示主语所处的状态，意思是“感到如何”。

例如：

His lecture is disappointing。I’m disappointed。他的演讲令人失望。我感到失望。

We are surprised to hear the news。The news is surprising。我们听到那消息吃了一惊。那消息令人吃惊。

The situation is encouraging。 We’re encouraged。形式使人鼓舞。我们感到鼓舞。

常用的还有：amusing/amused，astonishing/astonished，disappointing/disappointed，exciting/excited，frightening/frightened，interesting interested，moving/moved， relaxing/relaxed，satisfying/satisfied，shocking/shocked，surprising/surprised，terrifying/terrified，tiring/tired，worrying/worried等等。

（4）做状语的区别，分词短语在句中可做时间、原因、方式、伴随状语。现在分词的动作和谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生、意思是主动的。而过去分词的动作在谓语动作之前发生、意思是被动的。

例如：

Seeing nobody at home，she decided to leave them a note。看到没人在家，她决定给他们留个条。(主动意义，几乎同时

The secretary worked late into the night，preparing a speech for the president。秘书工作到晚上很晚，给总统准备一篇演说。(主动意义，同时

Tired of the noise，he closed the window。对噪音感到厌烦，所以他把窗户关上。(被动意义，

在谓语之前

Deeply moved，she thanked me again and again。她深深地受了感动，再三谢我。(被动意义，在谓语之前

Persuade by my mother，she gladly went there alone。在我母亲劝说下，她才高兴地独自去那里。(被动意义，在谓语之前

如果现在分词的动作在谓语动作之前发生，现在分词要用完成形式，但意思仍然是主动的。例如：

Having watered the vegetables，they began to pick up the Apples。=After they had watered the vegetables，they began to pick up the apples。他们浇完了蔬菜之后就开始摘苹果。 Having finished the work，he packed his tools and left。完工后，他收拾起工具走了。分词做状语时，前面可用连词或介词。

例如：

After eating my dinner quickly，I went to see Jim off。我赶快吃过晚饭就去给吉姆送行。 Though built before the Second World War，the engine is still in good condition。尽管是在二战以前建的，这引擎仍然处于良好状态。

Unless paying by credit card，please pay in cash。如果不用信用卡付款，请用现金付。 Tom will never do this unless compelled。汤姆永远也不会干这种事，除非被逼无奈。 She’s been quite different since coming back from America。从美国回来后，她大变了。

（二）用法

1．作定语。作定语的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前。如果被修饰的词是something，anything，everything，nothing等，则分词放在这些词之后。分词短语通常放在被修饰的名词之后。

例如：

This is an interesting book。(=This is a book。It is interesting。这是一本有趣的书。

There is something interesting in the news。(=There is something in the news。 It is interesting。消息中有些有趣的事。

The man sitting by the window is our math teacher。(=The man who is sitting by the window is our math teacher。靠窗户坐着的那个人是我们的数学老师

The machine run by the old worker is made in Shanghai。(=The machine that is run by the old worker is made in Shanghai。那位老工人开的机器是上海造的。

Most of students singing were girls。(=Most of the students who were singing?唱歌的学生多数是女生。

Many of the villagers questioned refused to answer。(=Many of the villagers who were questioned?被问的许多村里人都拒绝。

注意：（1）分词作定语与动名词作定语的区别：

分词和它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主、谓关系。动名词则没有这种关系，而表示它所修饰的词的用途或有关动作。

现在分词动名词

A sleeping child(a child who is sleeping正在睡觉的孩子 A sleeping car(a car for sleeping卧车

A flying bird(a bird that is flying飞鸟 A flying course(a course for flying飞行课程

A swimming girl(a girl who is swimming游泳的女孩 A swimming pool(a pool for swimming游泳池

The running water(the water that is running流水 The running track(the track for running跑道现在分词和它所修饰的名词都要重读，动名词所修饰的名词则不必重读。

（2）现在分词作定语时，它表示动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生(或差不多同时发生。

例如：

Who is the boy dancing over there？在那儿跳舞的少年是谁呀?

The girls swimming in the sea were in danger。在海里游泳的姑娘们有危险。

如果两个动作在时间上有先后，一般不能用现在分词作定语，而往往用主从复合句结构。例如：

The man who has gone to Shanghai will be back again。到上海去的那个人会回来的。

The teacher wants to talk to the students who smashed the windows。老师要找打破了窗子的那个学生谈话。

（3）be的现在分词being不能用作定语(可用作状语或被动语态中的助动词。表示这种概念时，也用主从复合句结构。

例如：

He has a brother who is a worker。他有一个当工人的兄弟。

2、作状语。分词和分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、行为方式等意义。表示时间和原因的分词短语相当于对应的状语从句。

例如：

Seeing the teacher entering the room，the students stood up。(=When the students saw the teacher entering the room，They stood up。学生们看见老师走进房间，都站了起来。 (时间

Heated，the Metal expands。 (=The metal expands if /when it is heated。金属受热而膨胀。(条件、时间

Being excited，I couldn’t go to sleep。(=As I was excited ，I couldn’t go to sleep。我兴奋得睡不着觉。(原因

Being a student，he was interested in sports。(=As he was a student，he was interested in sports。他是个学生，所以对体育运动感兴趣。(原因

Inspired by Dr.Yang’s speech，Li Hua and his classmates decided to study physics harder。(=As they were inspired by Dr.Yang’s speech，Li Hua and his classmates decided to study physics harder。李华和他的同学们受到杨博士讲话的鼓舞，决定更加努力学习物理。 (原因 The children went away laughing。=The children went away。They laughed as they went。孩子们笑着走开了。(行为方式

The professor stood there，surrounded by many students。(=The professor stood there。He was surrounded by many students。教授站在那里，许多学生围着他。(行为方式

While reading the newspaper，father nodded from time to time。(=While he was reading the newspaper，father nodded from time to time。看报时，父亲不时地点头。(时间(分词前，可加表示时间的连词while或when。

3、作宾语补足语。

例如：

Can you get the machine going again？你能使机器再动起来吗？

You should have your hair cut。你该理发了。

I saw him coming last night。我昨天晚上看见他来了。

4、作表语。

例如：

The film is very moving。这部影片很感人。

Your homework is well done。你的作业做得好。

The visitors looked surprised.参观者看上去很惊讶。

The boys were seen walking on the grass。有人看见孩子们在草地上散步。

5、作句子独立成分（分词有自己的逻辑主语时，称为独立主格结构。）

例如：

Flags flying，the army men marched in the streets。旗帜飘扬，军队在街上行进。

All his ribs broken，he lay half dead。他的肋骨全部折断，半死不活地躺着。

分词(短语作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。

My wife had a long talk with Sally, explaining why she didn’t want the children to play together我妻子与莎莉谈了很长时间，解释她为什么不想让孩子们在一起玩。(现在分词explaining是句子主语my wife做的动作，它们之间是主动关系

Given more attention，the trees could have grown better。如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。(过去分词given表示的动作是句子主语the trees承受的动作，它们之间是被动关系

We explored the caves，Peter acting as guide。我们到那山洞探险，彼得做向导。 (独立主格 The train having gone，we had to wait another day。分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如but，and，因为并列连词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分。分词和主句之间可用逗号。

例如：

误：Having been told many times，but he still couldn’t understand it。

正：He was told many times, but he still couldn’t understand it。

注意：（1）分词作状语时，逻辑主语即句子的主语;否则要用从句或独立主格结构来表示。例如：

Looking out of the window，I saw lots of people there。(=When I looked out of the window，I saw lots of people there。

我往窗外一看，看见那儿有许多人。 (looking out of the window的逻辑主语，就是句子的主语I。

（2）在see，hear，watch，notice等动词后，用动词不定式作宾语补语，通常表示(强调动作从开始到结束的全过程。如果用现在分词作宾语补语，则通常表示动作正在进行。例如：

We sat two hours and watched the teacher make the experiment。我们坐了两个小时，看老师做实验。(两小时一直在看老师做实验

We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher making the experiment。我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。(只是在走过教宰的一刹那间，看见老师正存做实验

I saw him enter the room, unlock a drawer, take out a document, photograph it and put it back。我看见他走进房间，打开抽屉，拿出一份文件，拍了照又放回去(表示一个接一个的一系列动作的全过程时，用动词不定式。

作文英语万能句子大全初一【二】

1、我必须去图书馆看书。

2、每个小孩子都喜欢小动物。

3、你应该知道这件事。

4、星期天，我们必须去看排球赛。

5、他是一个小学生。

作文英语万能句子大全初一【三】

1 No one can deny the fact that ...

2 The idea is hardly supported by facts.

3 Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ...

作文英语万能句子大全初一【四】

非谓语动词系列训练（二）

一：在句子意思不变的情况下用分词或不定式改写下列句子：

1.When he saw from the top of the mountain, he viewed a beautiful city.

-----___________from the top of the mountain, he viewed a beautiful city.(用分词

2．When it was seen from the of the mountain, the city looks like a garden. (用分词 ------_____________from the of the mountain, the city looks like a garden. city. (用分词

3.When he was asked why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight.

-------When ________ why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight. (用分词

4. Do you know the boy who knows Japanese?

----- Do you know the boy ___________ Japanese? (用分词

5. Do you know the boy who is called Tom.

---- Do you know the boy ________Tom.- (用分词

6. This is the man who organized the activity.

This is the man________________ the activity. (用分词

7. He followed his students and came in.

------ He came in, ____________ his students(用分词

8. He came in and was followed by his students

----- He came in ,____________by his students(用分词

9.The woman who was dressed in a blue skirt delivered a speech to us.

---- The woman _____________ in a blue skirt delivered a speech to us. (用分词

10. Because he is a physicist, he could well explained how to do the research.

---- _______ a physicist, he could well explained how to do the research. (用分词

11. He was born on the 18th of January, 1979 in Taiwan, and he was raised by his mother and was shy and quiet during his childhood.

----- ____________on the 18th of January, 1979 in Taiwan, and he was raised by his mother and was shy and quiet during his childhood. (用分词

12. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless it is watered every day.

---The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ____________ every day. (用分词

13．When we were walking dogs, we came across a famous professor.

------ When ____________ dogs, we came across a famous professor. (用分词

14. He donated over 10 billion dollars in order that he could sponsor education, culture, sports, and public welfare in the earth-stricken area.

----- He donated over 10 billion dollars _____________education, culture, sports, and public welfare in the earth-stricken area.(用不定式

15 After he had finished his homework, he played the piano.

----- ____________ his homework, he played the piano.

16. After the bridge had been completed, it went through a hard time because of the bad weather.

----______________________, it went through a hard time because of the bad weather.

17 It is said that Bell invented the telephone.

18. Bell is said __________ the telephone. (用不定式

19. I don’t decide what I should do.

I don’t decide what__________(用不定式

20. It happened that he had been invited

---- He happened _____________

21.He was so young that he could not go to school. He was too young __________ to school.

22. When the test was finished, we began our holiday.

----- The test __________, we began our holiday.(用独立主格结构

23. As time goes by ,he becoms aware of it.

With time ________ by, he becomes aware of the significant of it.

24. The moon, which travels round the earth once every month, is a natural satellite of the earth.

---- The moon, ___________ round the earth once every month, is a natural satellite of the earth.

25. Though he had been told several times, he didn’t understand me.

-----_______ several times, he didn’t understand me.

26. After the problem was solved,he took a rest.

----With the problem ____________, he took a rest.

27. If time permits, we will

28．He lay there, his hand clenched, his eyes looking straight up.

---He lay there, his hand_______, his eyes looking straight up

29.I once read a book called Man, Woman and Child, which enabled me to understand the love in a family.

------I once read a book called Man, Woman and Child, ______________ me to understand the love in a family. (用分词

30.There are many places of interest, among which is the Yunji mountain,whose scenery is very beautiful, which attracts lots of tourists from different places every year.

------There are many places of interest, among which is the Yunji mountain,whose scenery is very beautiful, ____________ lots of tourists from different places every year. (用分词

二：非谓语动词完成句子练习

there was no doctor available. (only

, playing cards at home or taking a walk in the park? (spend

. (think

包括三名儿童）. (child

5. 根据他的话判断）, he did well in his exam. (judge

the Tang Dynasty. (date

7. This is an article （由五部分组成）five parts. (consist

five parts.(make

as soon as possible. (solve

bored a lot of fans to death. (concern

, l cannot object to your marriage. (concern

子）at school? （keep）

（躲在木箱里）behind the door. (hide

,we had to walk home last night. (be.

in the broad daylight yesterday. (rob

（满是脚印）. (mark

（石油价格上涨）, the economy of that country is slowing down. (go

18. When the national flag is being hoisted, all the students stand at attention, . (fix

him, I decided to write again. (hear

20. He doesn’t seem to mind by others. (make

next week is of great importance. (hold

is very important. (hold

is of great importance. (hold

the Third World. (belong

（致力于研究）, the professor paid little attention to his surroundings. (devote

in the morning. (come

（为了确保那孩子尽快康复），five doctors took turns looking after him day and night. (ensure

，the old man struggled to his feet. (help

, the parents were taken to the dining room. （show）

（.support）

. （drop）

, I am not familiar with this kill. (tell

（为了不被注意）by others . (notice

三：合并下列句子

1. The annual school sports meeting was held yesterday. It presented a marvelous opening ceremony.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. After the opening ceremony, we sat in the base of our class. We waited patiently for the beginning of the race.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Some of my classmates work very hard, and they hope to fulfill their dream. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4..My friend Christine took part in the 800-meter race. She had received training many times, so she kept calm before the race. After 400 meters, though she looked tired, she still tried her best to run. We screamed and beat the drum when we saw she passed by. She won the medal, and we were proud of it. (把短文中的从句或并列句改成非谓语动词

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

四：语篇填空用所给动词的适当形式填空。(一）

Freud was one of the first scientists [1]_________（make）serious research of the mind. The mind is the collection of activities [2]_________（base） in the brain that involve how we act, think, feel and reason. He used long talks with patients and the study of dreams [3]___________（search） for the causes of mental and emotional problems. He also tried hypnosis(催眠. He wanted to see if [4]________（put）patients into a sleep-like condition would help ease

[5]________（trouble） minds. In most cases he found the effects only temporary. Freud worked hard, although what he did might sound easy. His method involved [6]________ (sit with his patients and [7]________（listen）to them talk. He had them [8]________（talk）about whatever they were thinking. All ideas, thoughts and anything that entered their mind had to

[9]___________（express）. There could be no[10]________（hold）back because of fear or guilt. 基础写作 :最近，你就读的学校——广东实验中学高中部将举办开放日。你将作为学校的

学生代表向前来参观的英语老师介绍高中校区的基本情况，请准备好你的解说词，文章的开头和结尾已为你写好。(学会用非谓语动词表达）

?位置交通：位于广州市西部，荔湾区；出行便利，步行到地铁站约10分钟。 ?学校历史：逾120年的悠久历史；现高中校区于2004年竣工并投入使用。 ?校园环境：占地面积约125,000平方米；植物繁茂，绿树成荫，环境优美。 ?校园设施：课室宽敞明亮，配备齐全；拥有标准运动设施，

其中综合体育馆可用于举办比赛、会议和典礼。

?师生情况：目前学生约3000人，教师约200人；全体师生正在

为学校更美好的明天共同奋斗。

?【写作要求】

?只能用5个句子表达全部内容。?【评分标准】 ?句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

Good morning, teachers! Welcome to Guangdong Experimental High School!.....

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非谓语动词练习答案

1．Seeing 2.Seen (原句有误，请改成When it was seen from the top of the mountain,the city is beautiful (用分词 3. asked 4. knowing 5. called 6. organizing 7. following 8. followed 9. dressed 10. Being 11. Born 12. watered 13. walking 14. to sponsor 15. Having finished 16. Having been completed 17 18.. to have invented

19.to do 20. to have been invited 21. to go 22 finished 23. going 24. travelling 25. Having been toldTold 26. solved 27.permitting 28. clenched 29.enabling 30. attracting

二：非谓语动词完成句子练习

Keys:

1. only to be told (that 2. to spend your spare/free time

3. thinking about 4. including three children/ three children included

5. Judging from / by his words/what he said

6. dating back to/from (which dates back to/from

7. consisting of / which consists of

8. made up of/which is made up of 9. to solve the problem

10. concerning the football match 11. As/So far as I am concerned

12. (in keeping five children 13. hidden in a wooden box

14. There being no bus 15. to have been robbed

16. Seen from the top of 17. Seeing from the top of