This is my first week in ** Senior Middle School.Everything here is new for me.Our school is an old school but it`s very beautiful.I have 50 new classmates in my class.They`re all very excellent, I think, and I felt a little sad.Because I`m too common.But come to think of it,it`s a very good thing.I believe I can also be very excellent if I study with such excellent classmates.I didn`t know why Ms *** chose me to be the committee of study.But I know it`s a good chance for me to raise my ability.All I can do is do my best in the future.I am sure that Ms *** and my classmates can help me when I do something wrong. Because they`re all very kind.It`s a pleasure to work and study with them.I`m really very happy.I`m not an outstanding student in this class,but I can do the same thing like others.I believe I won`t make anyone disappointed.
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
退一步的力量往往大得惊人,有时它比进十步百步显得更加强大。俗话说:退一步海阔天空。说得就是这个道理。
人与人相处,退一步尤为重要。它不仅仅是对彼此的理解,彼此的关爱,彼此的宽容,也是一种对自己的爱护。这种退一步的力量,是建立在团结友爱的基础之上。
前苏联时期,18岁的一位青年人驾着自己的小型飞机竟落在了正在举行阅兵式的场地上。这一件事令在场的所有记者大跌眼镜,令堂堂几万人的苏联防空部队大丢脸面。可当时苏联***赫鲁晓夫处理这件事只是淡淡地说了一句:他还是个孩子。就这么一句简单明了的话成了当时世界上各大报社头版头条新闻,赫鲁晓夫在一夜间就由一个铁面人物变成了具有爱心,心胸宽大的好人。当然,我们不敢排除赫鲁晓夫在当时有政治作秀的可能。然而,这一件事却使我们明白了一个国家***在关键时刻保持宽大心胸是多么重要,是多么有利于自己的政治前途。这也让我们看到了退一步的力量。如果当时赫鲁稀晓夫没有退一步,而是冲着一个18岁的孩子大发脾气,只会使记者们又一次大跌眼镜,使他的名誉扫地出门。
这个例子未免带有几分虚伪的成分,而常人与常人之间的宽容却实不可少。退一步不但给他人留下一片天地,同时也给自己留下了同样的天地。退一步不仅表现了对他人一份爱,更表现了自己对自己的爱,这种爱已经超出了人与人的界限,于社会每一个角落中显示着它的力量。
退一步吧,在世俗的生活中,保持这样的余地,不至与使他窘迫,也不至于使自己窘迫。在人与人的交往中保持着这样的心胸,对于任何人而言,都具有难于言记的力量,因为人心都是肉长的,你宽容了他,或许某一天他就会宽容你的某一过错。你退一步,他退一步,我们都退一步,便不会有伊拉克战争,海湾战争这就是退一步的力量。
一个窗台上有一朵花,这间屋子就有了生气;一棵树上开了一朵花,这棵树就有了金秋的希望;一条路上绽放一朵花,这条路就多情缠绵了;一个人给另一个人送了一束花,这两个人就有了诗情画意;一个健康人给病人送了一把花,这个病人就有了与病魔抗争的勇气
让自己的生命为他人开一朵花,为他人灿烂一片心地,增加一缕温馨,添一分生存下来的理由,多一些坚韧与执着,也就提高了自己生存的质量。用自己的心为他人做圃,给他人织一地绿茵、染一片色彩,就是在给自己的人生喝彩。
能为别人开花的心是善良的,这善良之花必将散发出爱心的芬芳;能为别人付出劳动是伟大的,这伟大的劳动一定能结出善念的硕果。一次无偿的献血是一朵花,一次受伤后的救助是一朵花,一次善意的批评是一朵花,一句关切的问候是一朵花,一个亲切的微笑是一朵花,一次跌倒后的挽扶是一朵花——为别人就是帮助,为别人就是爱心,为别人就是善念,为别人就是奉献
唐代大诗人白居易说:乐人之乐,人亦乐其乐;忧人之忧,人亦忧其忧。当代着名数学家华罗庚说:人家帮助我,永志不忘;我帮人家,莫记心上。伟大的科学巨人爱因斯坦说:生命的意义在于设身处地替别人着想,忧他人之忧,乐他人之乐。苏联无产阶级文学奠基人高尔基说:给予永远要比向别人索取快乐得多。——古今中外的伟人对帮助所做出的诠释,是多么精湛和深刻啊!帮助是春天的雨,当你干渴时,为你滋润心田;帮助是夏日的风,当你酷热时,为你送来清凉;帮助是秋之菊,当你孤独时,为你默默开放;帮助是冬天的火,当你寒冷时,为你送来温暖。
人既是独立个体的单一,也是密切相关、血肉相连的群体,是永远离不开互相扶持、互相帮助的。在漫长而短暂的人生中,我们都在不断地接受父母、师长、朋友和他人的帮助,同时更要学会去回报、帮助别人!因为,我们的生命之歌因帮助而动听,我们的生命之河,因帮助而不干涸,我们的生命之光,因帮助而永不熄灭,我们的生命之诗,因帮助而流光溢彩。
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