这是……论据,在文中起着证明……(论点,如如果有分论点,则写出它证明的分论点,否则写中心论点。
补充论据作为一种新题型正在流行,做这种题目,注意以下二个方面:(1、看清楚要求补充的论据类型,即看清楚要求的是名言还是事例;(2、补充名人事例要注意字数限制。当然,作为应考,可以准备“勤奋”、“处世”等常见主题的名人事例和名言。名言字数要少,事情要熟悉,不要为求新而准备那些较长名言或不熟悉的名人事例。
表达技巧+具体分析+表达效果(感情)
1、某一细节描写在文中的作用。衬托、对比、烘托铺垫,表现人物品质、心理、情感,对情节发展的作用。心理活动:如感动、感激、愧疚、自责、喜悦等,一定要答出原因。
2、环境描写在文中的作用
答题技巧:环境描写,包括自然环境和社会环境的描写。其中自然环境(景物)描写主要作用是交代故事发生的时间、地点,揭示作品的时代背景;渲染气氛,烘托人物心情;展示人物性格,推动情节的发展;借景抒情,情景交融等。
如自然环境(或景物描写)有什么作用?
从以下四个方面考虑,一般是两点以上:
(1)点明某某季节某某/时间某某/地点某某/天气;
(2)渲染某某气氛;
(3)反衬(或烘托)某某人的某某心情/品质。
(4)为下文某某情节发展作铺垫(或预示了下文的某某情节,或推动了故事情节的发展)。
3、a.开头的句子:一般从内容、结构两方面作答,如表达了什么意思,点明题旨、引起下文、为下文故事发展做铺垫、设置悬念等。
b.结尾的句子:一般从内容、结构两方面作答,如表达了什么意思,解释了什么道理,点明主旨、深化主题,照应开头,含蓄、卒章显志、使文章结构完整等
c.过渡的句子:
d.用了特殊修辞的句子。
运用修辞方法的句子的赏析:修辞手法的使用使语言更加生动、形象,使人或物的\'特征带回突出。
八大修辞及其表达效果:
①比喻:生动、形象;
②拟人:人格化、生动化、形象化;
③排比:加强语言气势,使某种感情更加强烈;
④反问:加强语气;
⑤反复:强调;
⑥对比:突出其中一个;
⑦对偶:句式整齐,结构统一;
⑧夸张:极力表现事物某种特征。(运用时要结合具体内容分析)
另外,主旨句的赏析应从主旨句在文中的作用(点明中心主题,贯穿全文)入手,或者从句子本身的作用、所表达的具体情感入手。
4、对含有某个特殊词语的句子理解
赏析时,应扣住词义、语境来具体表述词语所表现的人或物的特征,表述人物的思想感情
aboutasto
getacquire(knowledge/skills
offerafford(jobopportunities
expectanticipatechanges/difficulities
solvetackle/grapplewith
raiseelevate/heighten
mostimportantoverriding/override
combinesynthesize
supportuphold(ournationalvalues
deepen
weak
usetoomuch
becauseof
satisfy
learn
finally
right
know
miss
dotogether
boring
balance
difference
prettybutlessuseful
fresh
happenagain
good
difficult
perfect
urgent
sad
many/toomuch
fast-growing
maketrue
should
control
broadenone’shorizon
spendAonB
AisimportanttoB
finishsthby
decidetodo
sthisimportant
finditdifficulttodofuelvfuelconflictssap/one’sconfidencestretchnaturalresourcestothelimitattributeto/ascribetomeet/begearedtoward+sthdrawonothers’experienceendupdoing/endwithmakesensenaildownpassuppitchinsitthroughequilibriumecologicalequilibriumdistinctionnicetiesnoveltyrecurringpaindesirableundesirable:notgoodchallengingflawlesspressingbittermounting/awealthofburgeoningpopulationfulfillbesupposetoholdfasttoone’sdreamexpandone’soutlookdedicateAtoBAbeanessentialingredientof/bepartandparcelof/bethecornerstoneofBexploreeveryavenuetowardmakeitapointtodobeamilepostinbehard-pressedtodo/haveahardtimedoingsth
conflictbeatoddswith
few/littleverylittle,ifany
opposefrownon
befullofbeinundated/saturatedwith
todoharmtobelikelytofallpreyto/bevulnerableto
concerncausegraveconcern/concernshavearisenabout
meanspelldisaster/troublefor
makesthsthAhasrenderBsth
tootosthhasreachedsuchproportionthat/…tothepointwhere…mostimportantmorethananything,/andaboveall
growtheproliferationoffast-food/cybergames
seesthobjectivelyputsthinperspective
thinksthmostimportantit’shardtooverstatethesignificanceofneedsthnecessitate/entail
bedevotedtobebenton/upon
showmirror/embody
differentthewholespectrumof
turningpointbeawatershed
accordingtointheeyesof
affecthinder
ageera
aimtargetv
andalongwith/aswellas
andsoonthelike
appearmushroom/springup/sproutup
applyputintopractice
askconsult
aspectsphere
attachenclose
attracttempt/appealto
audienceviewer
basisfoundation
beabletobecapableto
beconvenientatone’sconvenience
begoodatbeskilledat
behelpfulbeofhelp
beimportantbeofimportance
benearbearoundthecorner
beobviousitgoeswithoutsayingthat…/itisarguablethatberisingskyrocket/rocket/soar
besuretobeboundto
besurprisedatbeamazedat
beuselessbeofnouse
bearbeloadedwith
becauseofdueto
becomefashionablecomeintoafashion
becomehappycheerup
beforeoriginal
buildfound/putup/shape
buyafford
byoneselfallalone
carefulattentive
causeattributeto/leadto
changemodify/shift/fluctuation
changewithvarywith
cheatingdeception
choosefrommakeachoicebetween
clearevident/self-evident
comefromstemfrom/springfrom
comeoutcomeforth
complainplaceacomplaintagainst
considerconvince/figureout/givethoughtto
consider…..importantattachimportanceto/laymuchemphasisuponcontinuegoahead
controlinthegripsof
cooperatejoinhandswith
decidedetermine
deepprofound/far-reaching
dependonhingeupon/counton
dependononeselfliveonone’sown
developcultivate/buildup
difficultybarrier
diligentindustrious
dogoinfor/carryout
dogooddofavor/helpv
dropdecline/ontheebb
eatlessgoonadiet
emphasisputahighvalueon/treasurev/valuev/cherishv
enablefacilitate
encouragespursbonto/motivate
endangerjeopardize
enforcestrengthen
engagemajorin
enjoybecrazyabout
enlargebroaden
enoughadequate
evaluatespeakhighlyof
explainuavelthemysteryof/accountfor/beresponsiblefor
facebefacedwith/faceup
failfrustrate
failurefrustration
fameprestige
famousprominent
famouspeoplegalaxy
feelingpassion/sentiments
findlocate
findoutsortout
finishaccomplish
firelayoff
fixinginstallation
focusoncenteron
forexampleacaseinpoint
foreverpermanent
futureprospective
getacquire/regain
getridofeliminate
givegrant/issue
give/supplyprovide…with
giveattentiontogivepriorityto
globaluniversal
goonbringforward
goalheart’sdesire
goodbeneficial
goodstudentstopstudents
goodsnecessity
greatenormous/dramatic
greatprime/utmost
greetingsregards
growflourish
happinesswell-being
havepossess
havearelationshipwithbeontermswith
hopelookforwardto
hopetodosthbeeagertososth./longtodosthhopefulpromising
ignoreneglect
illnessdisease
importantessential/vita
improveenhance/boost/upgrade
improvementadvance
ingroupsintwosandthrees
includemakeup
increasesoar
influencemold
intendtargettodosth./bemeanttodointerestedcrazy
interestinglywithgreatinterestintroductionprospectus
investigationsurvey
joboccupation/employment
joinmaintain/holdonto
keepmaintain/holdonto
killoneselfcommitsuicide
knowgrasp/beawareof/knowaboutknowledgecommand
leavedepartfrom
likepreference
limitconfine
loadburden
lookaroundexamine
lookforruninto/huntfor
lookup…inreferto
lowerinferior
makenervousplacestrainon
makeprogressmakeleapsin/pressforwardmakesureguarantee
makesurethattoseeitthat…
manyberichin/countless
meetruninto/comeacross
messchaos
necessaryindispensable
needbeinneedof
nothesitatefeelfreetodosth
notknowbeignorantof
number
obvious
occupation
offer
only
outcome
overcome
pass
payattentionto
people
perform
period
①、文章标题点明中心论点;
②、文章开头提出中心论点;
③、文章结尾归纳出中心论点;
④、文章中间用某个承上启下的句子提出中心论点。
⑤、文章没有直接提出中心论点,但始终围绕……展开论述。
概括主题、分析作者对人物的态度、作者表达的感情。
1.参观时间: 五月四日,星期三
2.颐和园简介: 它是中国最大的保存最完好的皇家园林, 风景优美, 甚是迷人, 有山有水, 有皇家建筑和画廊。
3.活动安排: 上午自由参观, 中午在快餐馆吃午饭, 下午5:30返回宾馆。
4.集合时间: 星期三早上6:10, 汽车6:30开, 行驶45分钟。
5.集合地点: 宾馆大门口。
要求: 不要逐条翻译, 词数100词左右 。
One possible version:
May I have your attention?
可以让我注意吗?
We will visit the summer Palace on Wednesday, May 4. The Summer Palace is the largest well-kept royal park in China. In the park there is water and man-piled hills. There are some royal buildings and a gallery, too. I am sure you will be struck by its beautiful scenery. In the morning we will be free to visit the different places of the Palace and then we will have lunch in the fast-food restaurant. We will get back to the hotel at half five. Please gather at the hotel gate at 6:10 on Wednesday morning. The buses will start at 6:30. It will take us about 45 minutes to get there. Please be on time. Thank you.
我们将于星期三参观颐和园,五月四日。颐和园是中国最大的皇家公园。在公园里有水和人堆山。还有一些皇家建筑和一个画廊。我相信你会被它美丽的风景所打动。在上午我们将自由访问不同的地方的宫殿,然后我们将在快餐店吃午饭。我们将回到酒店的一半五。请聚集在酒店门口6:10星期三早上。公共汽车将在6:30。到那儿要花45分钟的时间。请准时。谢谢你。
议论文语言特点分析的角度比较固定,只有二个角度:(1语言特点;(2语体特点。做这类题目,要掌握语言风格一些关键词:简明平实、形象生动、幽默风趣、含蓄委婉、富有文采等。而语体特点,就是抓信逻辑严密四个字做文章就可以了。一个应特别注意的事项就是做这类的题目一定要有具体文句支撑,也就是用文章中的具体例句为例子进行分析。
(1、引出(全下文;(2、总结前(全文;(3承上启下。
作为议论文段的作用,必须结合文体特征具体加答。
如开头段作用往往起着引出中心论点(论题,那么,我们可以参考下面的二个具体答题规范格式的例子使用或变通使用:
①、开头通过写……的事例,提出中心论点……(或引出……的论题。
②、开头通过引用名言,提出中心论点……(或引出……的论题。
③开头通过引用名人趣事(或……的奇闻趣事,提出中心论点……(或引出……的论题,也起到吸引读者下读的作用,增强了论述的趣味性。
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