Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
安东尼·罗宾认为:每个人心中都有一个巨人,那就是你身体内的无限潜能!如何唤醒孩子心中的小巨人,激发孩子学习的潜能呢?那就是永远使孩子乐于去做你所建议的事。
让学生乐于去学习,并完成任务,不应该来自教师的强迫。每个人从内心来讲,都喜欢指挥他人而不是听命于人。我们安排学习任务时,最主要的就是要激发学生学习的强烈需求。每个学生都是一个独立的个体,作为一个教师,在教学过程中,要针对孩子的个性进行区别教学,要面向全体学生,更要让学生喜欢上你的课,喜欢你,让孩子像花儿向往阳光一样,迫不及待的希望在你所教的学科里有所成就,有所收获。这就要求我们教师在备课时,努力在教材中寻找学生感兴趣的东西,让学生主动学习,亲自去发现某种东西,并让他们把知识运用到生活实际中,学生收获到了知识,也到了成功的快乐。那么,学生对以后知识的获取会变得更加有兴趣,更能激发他们学习的***。
让孩子乐于学习,要消除学生学习时的恐惧感。我教学以来,与学习困难的学生有过很多次沟通,通过交流发现有的孩子不愿意学习的原因。主要就是:他们对学习充满恐惧,每当学习新知识,还没有开始学习,就已经在担心自己能否学会,带着对自己的强烈怀疑去学,效果就可想而知了。课堂提问时不敢开口,害怕回答错了,同学笑话,老师批评。学生过分的担心自己学不好,导致产生恐惧,而恐惧则使孩子学会回避、躲藏,而不是迎接挑战,不畏困难。
孩子对学习的恐惧情绪主要来源于缺乏自信。学生缺乏自信,害怕做不好一件事,因而划地自限,使无限的潜能化为有限的成就。孩子在学习上的不自信,对自己的怀疑,限制了本身的潜力,就象一颗明珠蒙上了灰尘。我们所需要做的就是,抹去灰尘,让明珠发出灿烂的光辉。树立孩子的信心,使他们对自己充满自信,在这时就显得尤为重要。首先,作为一个教师要做到永不对学生失望,决不吝啬自己的表扬和鼓励。学生在成功时需要教师的表扬,在失败时更需要教师的安慰和鼓励。对于孩子来说,我们在他们取得一些成功时,适时的赞许或者一个微笑都会使他们更自信,自信自己一定能做的更好。当孩子失败时,老师的一声鼓励,会让孩子重新振作起来。其次,教师要了解每个学生,善于给他们展示自己才能的机会,让他们在同伴面前大显身手,让他们体会到成功的喜悦,也就增强了自信心。所有的孩子都有自己的舞台,他们之所以还没有表现出来,一个主要的原因就是缺乏自信,一旦这些孩子找到自信,他们一定会发出自己灿烂的光来。
激发孩子的潜能,让他们乐于去学习,还要多关注学生,不因对一个孩子成绩的失望,而把他忽视,每次提问都不理他,这样做足能扼***一个孩子的未来。在教学时,要使每一个学生感到自己一直都得到老师的关注,充分地调动学生学习的参与热情。比如,进行提问与小组活动时,要给予每个学生机会,对于学困生,只要他们能积极参与就表扬。当每个学生回答完问题后,老师还应及时予以正确的评价和鼓励,以提高他们的自信心。关注学生还要在生活中多关心他们,教学以来我发现,孩子也有自己的世界,他们也有自己生活的圈子,父母,老师,朋友都对他们有很大的影响,有时在我们看来很小的一件事,就会对一个孩子有很大的影响。比如:父母的责骂、与朋友的争吵,心爱玩具的损坏等,都可以让他们在很长时间里无所适从,这时就要求我们细心地发现他们的小悲伤,并及时的开导,让孩子回到快乐的轨道中来。
激发孩子学习的潜能,我们作为一个教师,一定要全身心的投入到教育工作中,爱学生,关心学生。告诉学生,他们有自己的潜能,有自己的优势,可以做到他们想做的所有事,给他们希望。我实在想不到,唤醒孩子心中的潜能,让他们也可以达到光辉的未来,有比给他们希望更重要的了。
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