1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
哈哈,真激动!我今年11岁,11岁的我却当上了叔叔!这是怎么回事呢?
春节期间,我和爸爸妈妈去外婆家拜年。外婆家人来人往,可真热闹。突然,我听到了一个奶声奶气的声音:“叔叔!”咦,是在叫我吗?我转过头一看,哦,原来是个两三岁的小妹妹啊!嘿,这个小妹妹可真淘气,不是应该叫我哥哥吗?好吧,我就当一回你的叔叔吧!小妹妹不停地喊我“叔叔”,大家都跟着她叫我“叔叔”了。不过,我这个叔叔也当得不赖嘛!每次小妹妹不愿意吃饭,只要我用超级慈爱的眼神看着她,小妹妹就会乖乖地吃下一大口。
可有时候小妹妹也让我烦恼,当我正津津有味地吃饭时,她总是故意将桌子上的零食丢在地上让我来捡。这不,我一顿饭只吃了一半,就只好陪她玩了。当然,我们在一起玩得可开心了,我一会儿陪她玩过家家,一会儿陪她玩捉迷藏,大家看到我们融洽的样子,都说我们特别有缘呢!
从外婆家回来后,我问妈妈为什么小妹妹要叫我“叔叔”,妈妈笑着告诉我:“小妹妹的奶奶和我是姐妹,那么她的爸爸就是你的哥哥,这样你不就是小妹妹的叔叔了吗?”我听了,恍然大悟。
我的这个小侄女真可爱,我这个叔叔是不是也很尽职呢?
哈哈!我当叔叔啦!怎么说呢?我堂嫂生了一个小男孩。
我第一次见我的小侄子是在医院。他的个头非常小,手紧紧握成拳头状,仔细瞧,长得还没有我鼻子大,眼睛像黑珍珠一般水灵灵的。他一看到陌生人都哇哇大哭,还真的生疏。每次一闹,堂嫂马上边哄他,边逗他乐;每次一逗,小侄子便咧开红润润的嘴巴甜甜地笑着,十分可爱。这时我总是忍不住伸手摸摸他那粉粉嘟嘟的圆脸,可这小家伙竟然不领情-----哇地一声哭了。我一慌,忙不停地哄他,可他反而哭得越来越大声,而且是没完没了。我吓得不敢靠前,生怕他哭得嘶声竭底。旁边的堂嫂忙说:“宝宝,乖乖,不哭不哭……”
真怪!小侄子一听到堂嫂的声音,竟唰地停止了哭声,瞧,这小家伙竟在堂嫂优美的催眠曲中睡着了,还不住的咂咂嘴呢!看这小家伙甜甜的酣睡样,妈妈小声对我说:“我们该回家吃饭了。”在一番告别之后,我们回家了。
回家的路上,我一直在想,要是他知道我那么小就当他叔叔,会不会吃惊呢?还有……
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