1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
当暮色悄然降临的时候,不远处袅袅升起一缕炊烟,安然地与天空相吻。从那一刻开始,人们已结束了一天的劳作,开始了与家人齐聚的闲适。
这已是我的记忆。离开家乡很长时间了,我已渐渐忘记他们熟悉的音容笑貌,忘记了炊烟的模样和香气。
一天正奋笔疾书,心里莫名地想起很久没给外公外婆打电话了,特别想他们。我竟情不自禁地拨通了那个熟悉而陌生的号码。电话那边传来外公惊喜的声音,他关切地问我最近的生活情况。声音有点嘈杂,我可以想像这时人们都已在回家的路上,我仿佛可以看到有点模糊的炊烟升起,想起了与好友在屋前玩“跳房子”这一游戏的光景。“都很好。”我只能简短地说一句,因为此时已经泪流满面了。
我决定回家乡看看我的外公外婆以及那久违的炊烟。
车开得很快,我没来得及回想家乡的景象便在车站下车了。顿时我有一种惶恐的感觉。还好,扛着锄头的老伯伯向我咧开嘴笑,白白的牙齿闪现了一种健康的美,心情便舒坦了。
走在回家的路上,我左顾右盼,寻找记忆深处的炊烟。但它仿佛被哈利波特施了隐身术般,不见踪影。走得很久很慢,明明很短的路,却花了这么长的时间。我有些失望,觉得自己与家乡与炊烟已失去了往日的默契。
天色很快便暗了下来。我便快步向家走去。忽然,整个人打了一个颤,便定在了那儿。眼前,是一缕淡淡的炊烟,带着点儿谷黄色,以一种淡定的姿态,悠然向上升起。有微风吹拂过,一种真切的味道充斥着鼻腔,我感到一股厚实的温暖,是家乡的味道。
这一刻开始,我的心与家乡紧紧地贴合在一切,我知道,它一直都在。
我张开手臂,向家跑去。而那炊烟,像一朵不知名的花,淡淡地绽放,风一吹,甜蜜的花粉散溢在心田。
从那一刻开始,我知道,心中的家乡会永远存在,像炊烟一般的真实,充满心中的每一个角落,走过生命的每一步旅程。
将一只只油腻的碗碟,浸没在浮满泡沫的盆里,取一块厚纱布将其仔细地擦抹,待清凉的水流,拂过碗体,原来黏糊糊的手感即刻便被滑爽洁净所替代,挂着透明水珠的青花瓷碗,在旁边米黄的大理石桌面上摞得整齐,仿佛一件件珍贵的艺术品。
寒假里洗碗的活我全包了。
以前,别说洗碗了,吃饭时专门坐在桌子前,不拿筷子不端菜,吃完饭,拿腿就走。对于堆在厨房里的碗碟更是视而不见。一次在舅舅家聚餐,吃饭之后的问题便是谁洗碗。为了给妹妹做个表率,我就以黄继光堵枪眼的架势,把舅妈那还没有说出口的俩字堵了回去。
我洗!
快速的把桌子上的大大小小的餐具挪进了厨房,准备挽起袖子大干一场。可是理想是美好的,现实是残酷的。那被我挪得过高的山堆,轰然便倒,顿时红白相间的瓷片在大理石地砖上跳起了叮叮当当的舞,老妈闻声赶来,右手掐腰,左手扶额,一副“你是猪吗?”的表情。
后来,为了让自己爱劳动的美好情怀发扬光大,每天傍晚,一边洗碗一边与家人聊天,说说笑笑。有时候没有什么话题,家里安安静静的,这时我就手握住刚洗完的筷子,一副陶醉的表情唱:“小酒窝,长睫毛,是你最美的记号……”,一只手还在台面上翻飞着。曲毕,做出恍然醒悟状:“这不是写的我吗?鼓掌!”这时妈妈会送我一个逆天的白眼并两个字:脸呢?家里充满了欢乐。
抬头看看窗外,或许,每盏灯下都有相同的故事。在橙红色的灯光下,每只碗上都流动着橙红色的光晕。心中涌起一丝温馨和满足。望着灶台上的青色瓷碗,成就感油然而生。更重要的是,随着油污的清除,觉得心中也有一股清亮的水流,冲刷尘埃,带走世俗,带来洁净,我的心因此变得美好和清亮。
有人以做家务为苦烦,我却独以之为乐。我乐在亲自动手,打理生活,装扮生活,我何尝又不是在亲自装扮自己呢?
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
儿时的我们最期盼的莫过于——过新年,期待穿上最漂亮的新衣服,期待爸爸妈妈会给我买好多并且吃不完的零食,还期待着亲戚们给的压岁钱,期待那在心底底蕴藏已久的笑容……而现在最期盼的也仍是过年。期待凌晨十二点的钟声响起,期待新一年的到来,期待全家人坐在一起的`会的一笑……
过年,意味着新的一年的开始。意味着无论在过去发生的种。种不快和艰辛,都已是过去式,可是毕竟儿时年龄幼小,自然不会像大人那样有想法,光是听到快过年了,就够开心好一阵子,心里美滋滋的。到了过年当天,好似那嗷嗷待哺的婴儿般,迫不及待地要喝妈妈的乳汁般。
孩子们一大早就不见踪影,蹦蹦跳跳地和小伙伴儿们互相炫耀自己的新衣服,回到家中东瞅瞅,西边望望,哪里人多就去哪里凑热闹,尽显孩子的天真。这个时候会听到大人们时不时还会传来几句:“你赶紧安静一会儿吧,瞧瞧,过个年看把你给兴奋的。”与此同时,大人们开始为中午的团圆饭进行忙碌着。
我记忆中的团圆饭,有东北的特色之一,小鸡炖蘑菇、粉条,而且粉条还要后来才能下锅。还有东北的猪肉——排骨、鱼肉、凉菜、还有东北的特色——酸菜、香辣肉丝。大人们忙得热火朝天,不亦乐乎,分工明确,有的负责爆炒掌勺,有的负责烧火、有的负责拿调料、有的负责盛菜和端菜。就这样忙碌了一上上午,团圆饭就做好了,一家人坐在一起,欢聚一堂,充满了欢声笑语
到了晚上,吃年夜饭。东北的年夜饭是吃饺子,先是和面,然后制作饺子馅儿,最后是包饺子喽,大人们会提前把硬币或者是大钱放在饺子馅里,据说吃到的人会有好运哦!一家人围坐在饭桌前看着春节联欢晚会,有说有笑唠着家常。孩子们会为了吃到一个硬币的饺子,脸上洋溢着幸福,像个含苞待放的花儿般绽放!所有的喜悦都洋溢在家人们的脸上。这一刻给年的味道增添了一道靓的色彩!
可对于现在的我来说,过年了却不知该干点什么,每天只知道抱着手机消谴,我也曾尝试着找寻曾经年的味道,却不知早已迷失方向,我找不到回去的路。现在的年失去了往日的热闹,从之前的无话不说到现在的无话可说,也许是长大了,褪去了儿童时代的稚嫩和纯真,也给年的味道酒上了些许酸涩的调味剂。
那些藏在岁月里的秘密,纸张上的斑驳,树干上的年轮,天幕中瞬息万变的星辰,全部都有迹可循,唯有年的味道,却已隐约在时光里,淡然失色......
Every girl dreams and Li Xie is no exception. She has read dozens of books on how to be a ballerina and Swam.
每一个女孩都有梦想,李协也不例外。她读了很多书,都是关于如何成为一个芭蕾舞演员的
Lake is her favorite. She hopes one day her dream will come true. She has taken ballet lessons and all her teachers confirm she is a good student.
她最喜欢的是天鹅湖。她希望有一天能梦想成真。她参加了芭蕾舞培训班,所有老师都认为她很优秀。
One day she saw an advertisement that a famous ballerina troupe will be performing in her hometown.
一天,有一则广告说一个著名的芭蕾舞团要在她的家乡演出
Her thoughts ran wild, "I must meet up with the leader of the troupe and show him my skills, " she murmured to herself.
她看到后顿时思绪纷杂,自言自语道:¨我必须要见见团长,展示一下我的`才艺。¨
She dressed herself in her ballerina costume and managed to evade the guards and hid in the dressing room.
她穿上芭蕾服,尽量避开门卫躲进了化妆室。
To her luck the leader entered and she timidly knocked at the door.
很幸运,团长进来了,她胆怯地敲了敲门。
She bravely approached him and handed him a bunch of red roses and in her excitement the thorns pricked her hand but she did not make much ado about the pain.
她鼓足勇气走近他,送上一束红玫瑰。激动之余,玫瑰的刺戳到了她的手,但她根本没有在意。
The leader observed her action as she told him her dream. "Alright, you dance and I will give you my verdict."
在她给团才讲自己的梦想时,团长注意到了她的举止。“好吧,你先跳,我再说我的意见。"
But half way through the dance he stopped her and said, "I'm sorry you're not good enough!"
但是她只跳了一半,团长就让她停下来,说道: ¨我很抱歉你跳得还不。
On hearing this Li Xie ran as fast as her legs could carry her and was ashamed. She gave up her dream.
听到这话,李协非常羞愧,拼命地跑开了。从此,她放弃了梦想。
Many years later, she heard that the same ballet troupe was performing in her town again.
多年以后,她听说原来那个芭蕾舞团又一次来到她家乡演出。
Bitter memories of the leader's harsh words came flooding back to her.
团长尖刻的话语涌上心头,这是一次痛苦的记忆。
This time she was determined to find out Why the leader had told her she was not good enough when all her teachers thought otherwise.
这次她决定向团长问个究竟,为什么别的老师都认为她跳得很好,而他却不这样认为。
This was his reply, "I tell this to every student." She angrily shot back, "You've ruined my life!一 Then she got a further shock, "
团长回答道:u我对每个学生都这样说。¨她生气地反驳说:“可是你毁了我的一生!”团长的回话让她更震惊了:
I remember your gift of roses and how the thorns had pricked your fingers but you carried on bravery.
“我记得你送的玫瑰,刺戤到了你的手指,而你却勇敢地继续表演。
If you only had treated bal}et like that and did not give up so easily; therefore, you still deserve my verdict! "
如果你能以那种精神对待芭蕾舞,就不会轻易放弃了。因此,我的意见对你仍然受用。
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