一般来说,议论文的结构模式体现在:
一、材料作文:“引——析——提——联——结”的论证结构。
“引”——定向剪裁,概述材料。所谓“概述”,就是不能将题目所给材料原文照搬,而是对准自己立论的指向剪裁材料,使材料为我所用的“定向剪裁”。应抓住材料的核心内容简要叙述,
“析“——分析材料,突出感点。“析”,就是围绕议论的中心对引录材料内容的寓意进行扼要分析。要求分析得准确,切合事理,语言精要。“析”的目的是为中心论点的提出创造理论的条件。
“提”——提出论点,纲举目张。“提”,就是通过材料的分析之后,顺势提出中心论点。根据内容的需要,有时也可以将“析”与“提”两部分的观点“合二为一”。中心论点是全文内容的“神”,材料组合的“纲”,起统帅作用。因此,论点的提炼,必须做到:扣材、准确、稳妥、鲜明、简洁。
“联”——联想联系,论证论点。“引”“析“后,作文就完成了对材料的处理。“联”是运用材料提供的道理来类比社会生活,议论社会生活的过程。可以联想类似的'道理(从道理上论证),也可以联想相关的社会生活现象(从事实上论证)。这部分是作文的重点,既要放开思路,又要概括力强;既要重点突出,又要正反结合。 “结”——重申材料,深化论点。结尾呼应开头,或进一步强调论点,或提出解决问题的办法,或提出希望要求。
二、其它形式的议论文(包含话题作文)一般体现在:
“立论——入据——结承——迭据——归纳”的论证结构。
第一步:立论。即在文章开篇首先明确提出论点,给人以论点鲜明的印象。当然,也可以说明论证的背景、缘由等有关前提,通过简单引述,提出论点。
第二步:入据。即在上面提出论点后,第一次进入用论据阐述。这一步定位的论据最好选用史实,一般应是较古老的历史论据。有时可以是寓言、传说、历史掌故、名人轶闻轶事等。
第三步:结承。即在第二步阐述论据的基础上,进行简要分析,指出其具有的一般意义,进行小结。在此基础上,要随之联系现实生活,对论点加以阐述,承上启下,为下一步论证做准备。
第四步:迭据。即在上文小结承转之后,再一次运用现实生活中的事例作论据,进行论证。选用的事例要新,最好是当前媒体中新出现的典型事例。这些论据实际上与第二步中的历史论据形成推进和迭加的关系,故称之为“迭据”。这样,一古一今,一旧一新,选择的论据,角度有变化,为论点提供了扎实有效的证明事例。
第五步:归纳。在前面双重的事实论据论证的基础上,进行综合分析,以进一步揭示论点在当代的现实意义,或者提出解决问题的思路和方法,对全文加以总结。 参考例文可以参见8号文。
议论文的结构模式多种,一般我们要求掌握一二种适合自己写法的议论文模式,下面列举几种常用易写的几种模式,供同学们选择:
1、层进式结构(是什么?即提出观点;为什么?即分析原因;怎么办?即提出对策、分析对策、论证对策。)(参考1-2号文)
2、并列式结构(分论点并列、论据并列)(参考3-5号文)
3、对照式结构(正反对比、转折补充)(参考6-7号文)
4、中规中矩总分式(参考《高考作文晋级指导》p153《诗意地生活》)
Hello, we are XX tourism company, we have you and your 2 children 4 to set up tourist routes for you to choose.
From Beijing to Shanghai's tourist routes, you can go play in Shanghai Zoo, which has its own characteristics is a large-scale integrated Zoo. Then you can also go to Shanghai, Nanjing Pedestrian Street shopping, it is a shopper's paradise.
From Beijing to Changsha tourist routes, you can go play Changsha Window of the World, which is a new development in an amusement park. Then you can go take a look at Pinghu Tang and Wangfujing, one of the very many. Yuelu Mountain is you have to go to a place, from the top you can see the whole Changsha.
From Beijing to Guangzhou's tourist routes, you can go a long long amusement park to play, and that there are many excellent recreational facilities, so that you will not regret it. You can also go to Hong Kong the world's wildlife, which is currently China's largest imitation of the Wild Animal Park. Guangzhou's food is delicious, you will like.
From Beijing to Guilin tourism line, you can go to the famous Lijiang River, sitting on the boat to enjoy the beautiful scenery, and then can go to Yinzi Yan, it was China's first large cavern 4. Guilin Yang Shuo in the line of Yang Renjie shopping and you will be a good place to eat. That you will not feel the same with Chinese characteristics.
I hope you are happy to play China
Yours
XXX
My dear English teacher:
From my English, I will contact a deeply like English. English let me open view, let me understand the culture of different region amorous feelings to.
I want to use English freely and talk to people, but my spoken English is very bad.Language is a kind of habit, I find it hard to correct his poor pronunciation, this makes me very distressed, but I have worked very hard in the improved.
I feel that learning English is the key to read more look more, I like reading comprehension, it not only let me get some knowledge, but also let me realize the happiness of learning English, I feel very proud can read English article.
Thank you for teaching me. I believe in your teachings, I can certainly through their efforts to learn English well.
Best wishes for you!
Yours,nidemingzi
Yours
XXX
A review of the Pursuit of Happiness
“The Pursuit of Happyness” was released on the 15th of December 2006. It is a dramatic story based on a biography of Chris Gardner’s nearly one-year struggle with homelessness. Directed by Gabrielle Muccino, the film stars Will Smith as Chris Gardner, and co-stars Jaden Smith playing Chris’ son, Christopher Jr. For Will Smith’s performance in the film, he was nominated for an Academy Award and a Golden Globe for Best Actor. The ‘different’ spelling of the title, ‘Happyness’ is seen by Chris Gardner on the building outside the play centre is son attends, which Chris reminds the owners of the building multiple times that it is spelt with an ‘I’.
The film shows us the struggles Chris Gardner has with homelessness. He is bankrupt because he invested his life savings in portable bone-density scanners, which he thought hospitals would be interested in buying, but in the end hardly any doctors wanted one, as they considered it an ‘expensive luxury’. During the struggles, his wife Linda leaves to go to New York and Chris and his son are left in San Francisco with no income and living in a motel. Chris sees interest in become a stockbroker, but to become one he has to go through an internship. Meanwhile, Chris and his son are evicted because they can’t pay rent, and they are forced to go to a homeless shelter, and even one night had to sleep in the bathroom of the underground rail system. During his internship, he never once mentions his financial struggles and at one point he is asked to give one of his bosses 5 dollars for a cab, a sum that he can’t afford. After an intense six months, Chris is taken into the bosses’ office, and is offered a job as a stockbroker, the final scene shows him being in unbelief of the position he was offered and showing his happiness and gratefulness for the opportunity, Chris realises that his financial struggles are over as he now has a job with a regular income.
Christ was unfortunate, for he got a wife who was not understandable at all (though she has her own difficulties and was in bad luck with his business. But he was very fortunate also, for he got a son who was very thoughtful and, I think, tough life experiences always make a great person. It is said that this movie is inspired by a true story, and I want to say, this movie does inspire me a lot. What impressed me most are: Christ’s wife left him because of life pressure; Christ’s love to his son and Christ’s strong belief towards life. Through these, I know that it is not easy to be a good husband and a good Papa, since in reality, only love cannot only make everything. And I also learn that one has to strongly believe in himself, no matter how difficult the situation is, but of course, hard-working is indispensable.
Dear Mr Wang:
We are so pleased that you are willing to share our views.
In the course of the general revision,What we need is solid foundation. Methods are vital,so could you please introduce some learning keys?We think it can help us much better.
Could you please teach us slower? We should have time to understand everything we learnt .Then we can learn the nature not the surface.
We also need to practice the important and easily wrong difficulties again and again. And we won't get puzzled when we meet the similar questions.
Doing homework is a way to make sure if all of us can control the knowledge.We hope that there will be less homework in order to increase the quality.
Besides,inspire us more and we'll do better than before.
Yours,
Li hua
初恋50 First Dates
What would it feel if I can wake up everyday forgetting what happened for the last whole year?
Lucy in the movie “50 First Dates” told me this feeling. Every morning when she woke up, she only rememberred the Sunday of last year which was her father’s birthday, also the date she had the car accident which made her only keep memory before Sunday, so she always felt happy living the same habit as what she did on Sunday a year ago with the kind set-up by her father and brother. After meeting Hey, she could only remember who he was on the same day. But after one night, he became a stranger to her. She couldn’t even recognize he was the one she used to date and love everyday. Hey tried his best to give her a new different meeting every day so as to win her smile and regain their “First Date”. Hey made her tapes every morning to help her remember what happened the day before and the last whole year. Lucy thus felt grateful with all she had when she woke up everyday. On the same day, she always had the same deep gratitude to face Hey with her sweet smile. What a beautiful feeling it is to always feel thanksgiving and to always
appreciate each other’s effort. A touching story between a memory lost woman and a devoted man taught all of us, normal people, the essence of love. When two people can thank each other for their devotion everyday like what they did for each other on first date, love can forever be refreshed and energetic. On Lucy’s side, people with memory will ask for more than yesterday and become critical of their partners day by day, while people without memory will feel grateful for their life and the people around them everyday.
In the movie, when one day Lucy decided to break up with Hey to let him rebuild his life by burning all their diaries and tapes, I cried for Hey’s broken heart. For her, it was just one day feeling. For him, it was long-term affection and connection. It was easier for her than him to give up their love. On Hey’s side, people with memory will always remember the past happiness and
treasure it for the rest of their life, while people without memory will easily give up at the end of the same day.
What a ruthless feeling it is to end a relationship just after one minute thought. People with fragile mind would easily ruin a long-term relationship no matter what reason they have. The torture between Lucy and Hey tells us the fatal factor to do harm to intimacy between a couple is their fragile mind of
balancing emotion and reason. Thus most of couple lose their trust for each other after experiencing this weakly testing broke-up.
飓风Taken
What is the right relationship between the father and the daughter? There is no certain answer. But the love of Brain's to his daughter must be one of the best ones.
His daughter, a young pretty 17-year-old girl was kidnapped during a tour in Paris. Brain got the news and hurried to France to take his daughter. He found that the gangsters that kidnapped his daughter were connected with an old friend which made him exetreme angry. He finally found the place where was holding an auction selling young virgins and broke in successfully taking his daughter away.
No matter how hard and stressful the situation was, and how dangerous things he faced, he never went back just because of the greatest love of a simple father. In the movie, we are all moved not only his actions of kindness, but also his insistance and the greatest of all- a father's love.
魔术师THE ILLUSIONIST FACTS
When word of the famed Eisenheim's (Ed Norton illusions reaches Crown Prince Leopold (Rufus Sewell, the ruler attends one of the magician's shows in order to debunk the performance. But when the prince's intended, Sophie von Teschen (Jessica Biel, assists the magician onstage, Eisenheim and Sophie recognize each other from their childhoods, and pretty soon they're totally hot for each other. As the clandestine romance continues, the prince's best cop (Paul Giamatti is charged with exposing Eisenheim, even while the magician gains a devoted and vocal public following. Before long, Sophie turns up dead, and the logical suspect is Eisenheim himself.
一线声机"Cellular" has the setup for a solid straight-ahead thriller: A kidnap victim who does not know where she is being held phones a total stranger who must then stay connected on his cell phone to find her before she is killed. Joel Schumacher scored earlier with a similarly phone-themed Larry Cohen story, "Phone Booth." As executed by tone-deaf director David R. Ellis, however, "Cellular" becomes an unintentionally hilarious cousin to Brian de Palma's "Raising Cain" and "Snake Eyes."
Ellis seems to have unwittingly spliced together two different films with
mismatched tones: Kim Basinger as the kidnapee and Jason Statham as the kidnapper occupy the deadly-serious, straight-to-video thriller half, while Chris Evans as the rescuer and William H. Macy as a police officer seem to be in a "Saturday Night Live"-alum action comedy. Nowhere else is the disjointedness in tone more apparent than when Basinger and Evans's performances are placed side-by-side during their conversations: The scenes keep cutting between an overwrought Basinger wringing out every drop of melodrama, while a blissfully inept Evans seems to be channeling a cross between Chris Kattan/Jimmy Fallon and Ben Affleck/Keanu Reeves.
Meanwhile, Ellis pulls out tricks intended to generate thrills and surprises. He throws in out-of-nowhere "shocks," a la "Final Destination"; he throws in
flashbacks; he throws in a gun-blazing Macy in Jerry Bruckheimer action-hero slo-mo; and yet, Ellis has no handle on staging any of them competently. Case in point: "Cellular" is the proud owner of one of the most ineptly scored chase sequences ever, as if Ellis simply heard a snippet of the song's lyrics ("...where you gonna run to?" literally and paid no attention to the inappropriateness of the accompanying music (which just bop, bop, bops along. (The song is even reprised during the closing credits, which itself is misbegotten in conception.
And yet, for all of its failures as art, "Cellular" is always entertaining for those very same faults
Such is sons’ nature; I really do not know how to express my thanks to you. However, I can imagine, on the day 18 years ago, when you gave birth to me, what a complex feeling you had. In the past few years, every day you struggle me up in the morning and prepare breakfast for me, then in the afternoon, you always welcome your only son with delicious foods after a day‘s hard work. Now your son has been 18 and will go to university soon, like a bird is leaving its parents. Nevertheless, your footprints on my heart will never ever fade and I love you mum!
your son
© 2022 xuexicn.net,All Rights Reserved.