所谓议论文,最关键之处在于论述得当。支持句应使主题句更加令人信服,令考生的想法更加鲜明的呈现在考官面前。然而,中国考生在论述时往往存在一些误区:
这类考生往往缺乏刨根究底的精神,总是在主旨周围绕圈子,不达中心。这也是中国考生的通病,看似八九不离十,却总也不愿把话点破,让考官怎能不又急又气。
在所有的扩展方式之中,因果推理法是最受用也是最透彻的方法。凡事先追溯到其原由,再扩展其结果,这是将主题阐述清晰、论述有力并且具有逻辑感的最佳手段。例如在“出国留学利弊”这一题目之前,若考生单纯说“有可能会使青少年学坏”,难免缺乏说服力,但若紧接着扩展“因为孩子高中毕业后思想上还不成熟,若认识不好的朋友会难以抵抗社会上不好的诱惑”,那么此论点一定会让考官眉头舒展,点头认同。由此可见,善用此推理法会让议论文如虎添翼,事半功倍。
引出原因的表达方式主要有:Because../Since.../As....
引出结果的表达方式主要有:so.../Therefore,.../Consequently,.../Accordingly,... /As a result,.../In this way,.../result in.../Thanks to.../Due to.../ Owing to..
【写作真题】Aircrafts have been increasingly used to transport fruits and vegetables to some countries where such plants hardly grow or ate out of season. Some people consider it a good trend, but some people oppose it. Discuss.
【名师献计】It is important to note that imports are now increasingly affordable to the general population. Thanks to the rapid development of the freight transport industry, air travel has become an economical mode of transport, resulting in the subsequent decrease in the cost of importing. Meanwhile, technical advance in the food processing industry has made it much easier to preserve fresh fruits and vegetables over a long-haul air flight. Because of the wide availability of imported crops, there are more varieties...
为了使说明的内容更充实具体,更具说服力,可以引用一些文献资料、诗词、俗语、名人等。引资料的范围很广,可以是经典著作,名家名言,公式定律,典故谚语等。
作用:使文章更具说服力。体现说明文语言的准确性。引用古诗:使说明文更具诗情画意 。引用故事使文章具有趣味性。
例句:唐朝的张嘉贞说它“制造奇特,人不知其所以为”。——《中国石拱桥》(可以增加文章的说服力 )
1. …要求通过虚构的故事来表达一种哲理
2. 本文很好体现了…的特点深刻的主题与新颖的构思相得益彰
3. 巧用伏笔是文章的一大特点文章第一段就为全篇故事的发展做了极好的铺垫这种构思非常巧妙可以借鉴
4. 这是一篇很有新意的…文章构思巧妙语言朴实自然
5. 作品的构思是巧妙的文笔也是简洁流畅想象大胆富有创造力文章读起来新颖奇特极具吸引力
6. 想象力较丰富极具新意开头自我介绍引入下文另外文章语言简明扼要风格幽默误诙谐
7. 文章不长但过程叙述得很清楚人物的活动描述得也具体真实可信生动有趣全文结构紧凑完整文笔也较流畅
8. 情节生动有趣叙述清楚完整也表现出作者的聪明机智充满了家庭生活情趣文笔流利活泼
9. 你很善于抓住事物的特点进行具体描绘展示了…文笔间渗透了情感
10. 文章很有说服力也发人深思从写作上来说情节生动文章有波澜读起来深受教益
11. 主题凝炼集中议论深刻有力震撼人心
12. 本文用词准确严密语言平实自然而比喻拟人等修辞的运用更使文章锦上添花
13. 这篇作文的主要特色是叙述具体细节真实描写生动有真情实感并运用了比喻拟人等修辞手法把…写得非常传神同时表达了…对…的喜爱
14. 文章语言通俗易懂贴近生活实际读来令人倍感亲切
15. 文章开头新颖具有先声夺人之效使读者一见面就能对人物产生…的印象文章前后连贯形成完整的形象
16. 文章能过清新有趣的语言描写了…的事字里行间充满童年真童趣欢声笑语不绝于耳不失为一篇佳作详略得当虚实相生是本文的两大特色……内容更丰富更生动
17. 充分运用动静结合的写法并辅以比喻拟人等手法通过生动形象的语言的描绘使读者仿佛置身于梦境一般结尾处对人物的赞美情真意切感人至深
18. 注意观察具体事物并展开合适的想象这是本文的成功之处文章融情于景边绘景边抒情善于运用打比方的手法使文章生动具体让人爱莫能助释手卷
19. 文章含蓄的结尾既点题又耐人寻味文章开头引人入胜吸引读者…点面结合使文章生动具体详略得当
20. 对于景色的描写语言简练而准确联想则为触景生情情景自然融合全文清新秀逸亲切委婉朴素而不落俗淘值得借鉴
为了使所要说明的事物具体化,还可以采用列数字的方法,以便读者理解。需要注意的是,引用较多的数字,一定要准确无误,不准确的数字绝对不能用,即使是估计的数字也要有可靠的根据,并力求近似。
作用:用列数字的方法进行说明,既能准确客观地反映事实情况,又有较强的说服力。更体现了说明文的准确性,准确地说明了说明对象的特点。
例句:赵州桥非常雄伟,全长50.82米,两端宽9.6米,中部略窄,宽9米。和全桥只有一个大拱,长达37.4米......——《中国石拱桥》(体现准确性)
2. Many schools demand the students wear uniforms. Some people think that such a practice can undermine their personality and individuality. What is your opinion?
3. Some people believe that pet animals such as cats and dogs cannot be kept in the cities, especially in busy modern cities. Do you agree or disagree?
4. Nowadays, teenagers cause a lot of social problems due to lack of discipline. Some people think that parents should spend more time staying with their children. Do you agree or disagree?
5. Nowadays, many children have their part-time jobs. Some people say that doing part-time jobs is useful, but others argue that children should enjoy their childhood. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.
6. Some people think if students want to learn a foreign language, it is advisable for them to learn it in the native countries where the language is actually spoken. Whats your opinion? Give your reasons.
7. In some countries, there are women taking the positions of police officers, while some people believe that women are not suitable to work in the police force. DO you agree or disagree? Write your reasons and give examples in your experience.
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