In composing an argument, you try to clarify an issue or solve a problem by finding the common ground between you and others who will read your work. Using critical thinking, you develop and test your own ideas. Using a variety of techniques, you engage readers in an attempt to narrow the distance between your views and theirs.
撰写议论文时,作者试图通过找到自己和读者之间的共同点来说明一种情况或解决一个问题。在议论文中,作者经过批判性的思考,通过一些论证方法证明自己的观点,并尝试通过各种技巧尽可能缩小作者和读者之间观点的距离。
好的文章动静结合、张弛有度有节奏感。句式也是一样,要有变化性,这不仅能使文章更生动,也是语言表达方式的需要和表达能力的体现。句式的`变化,主要是要注意两点:
● 不要从头至尾使用一种句型。
● 长短句结合。
由于语言功底的欠缺和惯用思维,很多人写的文章一种句式到头,如:
I think …
I hope…
He does it.
He will take it
这样的文章虽然意思表达出来了,却显得呆板,欠生动。解决的办法是:
1.间或使用主从复句。
Because he is very much determined, he will carry it out this time. (原因
比较:He is very much determined. He will carry it out this time.
2.使用分词结构句。
The weather being fine, a large number of people went sightseeing.
比较:The weather is fine. A large number of people went sightseeing.
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.
比较:Africa is the second largest continent. Its size is about three times that of China.
3.使用不定式句。
To be or not to be, that is a question. (莎士比亚
To study or not to study, that is much different.(引申
To do it well, you must plan it well.
比较:You want to do it well. And you must plan it well.
4.倒装句
Only when we fully recognize its importance can we have control of its essence.
比较:After we fully recognize its importance, we can have control of its essence.
No sooner had he arrived home than it began to rain.
比较:He arrived home. And it began to rain.
5.失衡句
whether or not he will come is still unknown to all the people present.
比较:No one present knows whether he will come or not.
That he has done it all by himself is known to everyone.
比较:Everyone knows that he has done it all by himself.
当然,句子并不是越长越好,也不是越复杂水平就越高。凡事皆有度。太多长句的堆砌让人觉得是买弄。有时侯,一个短小精辟的句子可以起到画龙点睛的作用。特别是在文末段尾。比如:
●As a creature, every one knows.
●Actions speak louder than words.
●Practice makes perfect.
假如你在一间书店(该书店卖各种杂志和书籍里打工,书店的老板是一个英国人。
每天很少顾客光顾,书店老板请你提出一些吸引顾客的建议。
注意:1、用英语表达,词数:120字左右。
2、可以编写对话或使用其他叙述方式。
One possible version:
them with interesting magazines and books.a poster outside announcing subjects of interest,such as music,films,video,football and so on.a special introductory price for first—time customers.Once they have come into the shop they will then see the other attractions.
where they can trade old books for new ones at a special price.in the shop where books and magazines interesting to them are on show.Invite them to come and sit in the comfortable chairs provided to meet their friends and look through books and magazines.
当前不少文学作品被改编成电影。
有人选择看电影,有人则喜欢读原著。
请你以“Film or book, which do you prefer”为题,按照下列要点写一篇英语短文:
1、看电影:省时、有趣、易懂
2、读原著:细节更多、语言优美
3、我的看法及理由
注意:1、词数:1502、参考词汇:original work或book in the original(原著)One possible Version
Film or book, which do you preferis that it takes less time to understand the whole story. Besides, the film is usually more interesting, and it is easier to follow.
They think that they can get more detailed information from the original. Meanwhile, the language in the book is possibly more lively and beautiful. home, reading quietly in a situation of my own, and what’s more, I am able to better understand the author’s ideas. In a word, to read the original work is better than to see the film based on it.
An arguement subject must be arguableg—that is, reasonable people will disagree over it and be able to support their positions with evidence.
一个议论文的题材必须有辩论的余地,也就是说,理性的人会对题材持不同的意见并能够用论据支持他们的立场。
Conceiving a thesis statement 构思
The thesis is the main idea of your paper. In an argument the thesis statement makes the claim that you want your readers to accept or act on.
论点是文章的主要观点。在议论文中,论点陈述句做出论断,请读者接受论断或采取行动。
Analyzing your purpose and your audience 分析写作目的和读者
Your purpose in argument is, broadly, to engage readers in order to convince them of your position or persuade them to act.
议论文的`目的一般是要使读者信服你的立场或说服他们采取行动。
As a writer of argument, you seek to provide evidence for your claims and clear reasoning about the relationship of evidence and claims.
议论文作者,应当对其论点进行推理论证,需提供论证方法,说明论据是如何支撑观点的。”
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