Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
技巧一:中心突出,立意深远
首先,立意必须集中而突出。即使需要使用较多的素材也只能统一在一个中心之下,这样才不会散而无主,不至于喧宾夺主。其次,记叙文务必符合积极、健康、深刻、高远的立意要求。其三,要善于从日常小事中发现深刻、有时代气息的主题,善于从事件的表面向深处挖掘,使主题变得深刻起来。其四,运用对比可以让人物的形象更鲜明,事件的中心揭示得更深刻。如将美与丑、善与恶、强与弱、悲与喜对比,将人或事的前后变化对比,将不同的人对某人某事的态度对比等等。另外,你也可以用环境描写来渲染气氛,暗示事件发展,衬托人物心情等,从而彰显主旨。如一篇《责任重于泰山》的作文。作者先用“每个人都有着每个人的责任,责任重于泰山”作题记,然后分别用一、二、三作小标题,依次叙写了张老师出人意料地带病冒雪上课、检察长在战友(因救护自己而牺牲儿子的判决书上签字前矛盾的思想斗争、县委书记为了泄洪抢险而顾大局舍小家决定炸除自己从小生活的村庄这三件事,说明了给学生上课是教师的责任、严格执法是领导者的责任、保护国家利益是所有公民的责任,从而使“不同的位置有不同的责任”的主旨得以凸显。
技巧二:详略得当,内容充实
选材要鲜活。即选构要真实、新颖、典型,从生活中捕捉精彩的典型素材,筛选出那些最高兴、最悲痛、最深刻、最难忘、最能打动人心、最能展现时代风貌的典型事件,或者概括提炼,或者放大细节,或者定格镜头,必能写出具有、独特个性、深刻感悟和超级感染力的佳作来。情节通常包括事件的.开端、发展、高潮、结局等几部分,如作文《一张贺卡》,作者以“贺卡”为线,围绕一个穷学生给老师“送贺卡”这件事展开生动描述,把“买贺卡”“送贺卡”“卖贺卡”三个场面一线串起,使文章曲折生动、感人至深;但在处理素材的详略时,却略写“送贺卡”,而把自己“买贺卡”前的思想斗争、老师“卖贺卡”后的感动心理浓墨重彩描述,这样就突出了一个正直、慈爱、善良的老师形象。
技巧三:情感真挚,叙中含情
在刻画人物时,要将真情实感融入到细致、生动的人物描写和事件叙述中去,人物有了真情实感便获得了鲜活的生命。可以通过细节描写、选用情感鲜明的词语、打造抒情语句来流露真情。例如《懂你,懂你》中描写丰富细腻、真挚感人。作者将“我”的深切感受、心理活动和母亲的动作、神态和语言描写结合起来,一个,心思细密、宽厚温和、体贴女儿的母亲形象跃然纸上。
技巧四:结构清爽,叙事生动
首先结构要完整,写人叙事要清晰。应善于运用前后照应、一线串珠等技法组织材料。其次叙事要生动,情节要曲折。叙事写人时可以使用前后对比法、设置悬念法、抑扬生变法、虚构科幻法等来使文章尺水兴波、妙趣横生。如一篇《我的这杯“苦咖啡”》的作文,作者分别以“麦田?烈日”“村边?夏夜”“小院?清早”“医院?黄昏”为小标题,按地点和时间变化为序依次描绘了四个生活场景,表现了作者和爷爷之间细腻深厚的祖孙情。这种以情为线的行文,立意、情感、事件以一贯之,极具结构美和情感美。
技巧五:个性人物,形象鲜明
写人记事的记叙文大多是通过塑造人物形象来揭示中心的。你可以通过个性分明的外貌、神态、服饰、语言、动作、心理等描写来展现人物的思想感情和性格特征。例如通过不同人物的语言便能体现出各自文雅有礼、粗鲁低俗、豪爽干脆、优柔寡断、风趣幽默、干巴木讷等迥异的性格。你也可以随着事件的发展或观察角度的变化,对人物进行多层次描写,或将正面描写与侧面描写相结合,特别要注意细节描写和概括描写相结合。
导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文:
第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法
结论:
第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法
翻开日历本,九月十号被红红的颜色描绘着.教师节马上就要到了,每到这个时候,同学们都会向新的老师送上贺卡.鲜花和祝福.我在小学,每到教师节我都会送给老师们一张贺卡,上面写着我真诚地祝福,祝愿老师工作顺利,万事如意什么的.每次我来到办公事,看见老师们的桌上总是放着许许多多的卡片,这是学生对老师的一份心意
想来老师也真是辛苦,在我们不懂事时就教育我们要学会做人,那时的我们怎么可能懂这些,不好好听老师的话,总是调皮捣蛋,惹老师生气,每次教育好我们后,我们又会犯下同样地错误,老师又不厌其烦的教育我们,因为他知道在这时候,孩子就像一棵小小的树苗,如果不纠正,小树就会一天天长歪,最后被人放弃,纠正暸以后,小树就会茁长成长,成为一颗参天大树,成为有用之才.所以他总是耐着性子和我们沟通,进行教育,我们却总是觉得他烦,全然不知他这样做都是为了我们好
现在我长大了发明白老师真的很伟大,我们上学,老师不仅仅就教给我们课本上的知识,而是把人生的真谛也教给暸我们.在路上捡起一张纸片,在车上起身让座,一个细微的动作,都可能包含着老师含辛茹苦的教诲
师恩是一盏的灯,拨去我们心中的乌云,古往今来,尊师爱师的人数不胜数,像大雪之中等待老师醒来的时候,;功成名就之后,不忘感激老师的居里夫人;访美时,不望去探望老师的江***……这些名人都知道感恩老师,我们又有什么理由不去感恩老师呢?
岁月虽磨去了您的青春美貌,可您是我们心中永远的爱神,美神;辛劳虽夺走了您美妙的歌喉,可您的每句话都是我们心中的金音绝韵。您给予我们激励,当我们碰到难题时,您给我们耐心讲解,教给我们做人的道理,教给我们科学文化知识,教给我们打开成功之门的钥匙。正如古人云“一日为师,终生为父”。
师恩难忘!难忘师恩!您的谆谆教诲我们永远忘不了。再华丽,再美妙的语言也赞颂不完您的功德。
感谢师恩,对师恩最好的报答,就是努力学习、天天向上,把自己培养成德、智、体全面发展的高素质接班人,为了祖国,为了父母,为了老师,我们要成为一个理想远大道德高尚的新时代中学生。
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的\',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
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