1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
有人说:“人只要有了一定的目标,并一直为了这个目标不断努力,就一定会成功。”果真如此吗?
从前有个渔夫每次打鱼前都要立下了一誓言。市面上什么价格就准备捕什么,偏偏捕到的不是想要的。结果只好空手而归,最后在饥寒中死去。这个渔夫不是没有目标,而是目标不切实际。所以人生目标要选择。
如果卢浮宫着火,你救哪幅画?很多人要救蒙娜丽莎,作家贝尔纳的回答是:“我救离出口最近的那幅画。”他的理由是:“成功目标不是最有价值的那个,而是最有可能实现的那个。”这则小故事告诉我们选择目标一定要选择最可能实现的。因为当你追求最有价值的目标蒙娜丽莎,很有可能未救出人,就葬身火海。我们只能是选择最有可能实现的目标,也就是切合适的目标。
我的人生目标过去是做父母的孩子,在学校做老师秀的学生,将来到社会上做最出类拔萃的人。这样的目标让我活得很累,无论我怎样努力也没办法成为的。于是我重新确立我的目标,做孝顺的孩子,做优秀的学生之一。这样的目标很实际,我正在向这个目标一步一步逼近。我深信自己会实现这个目标,所以我每天都快乐。将来到社会上,我的目标也很实际,就是做一名人民警察。因为我相信自己一定会除暴安良,保护好人民财产的。一想到我的目标有可能实现,就忍不住心花怒放,做什么事情都特别有精神。
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文:
第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法
结论:
第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成\"总—分—总\"结构
一个人坚定了目标,决定了从此以后要走下去,那他就应该坚持下来,锲而不舍,而不是半途而废,始乱终弃。如果你的心中真的有目标,而且真心想要达到,那么你就会坚持下去,如果你在开始时坚定了目标,可到了最后却没坚定下来,那么这不叫你坚定的目标,准确来说,它不是你的目标,你的目标只要列出,你就应该朝着目标去努力。
一个人,他每天只想着自己会不会成功,想着那些不切实际的东西,而只想着这些东西是没有丝毫用处的`,他不去做,到了一生的尽头,仍没有成功。因为他没有为成功付出任何的代价,上天是很公平的,他对每一个人都是公平的,只有你为了达到目的而付出了,你才能得到回报,而如果你没有付出,上天自然不会回报你。
让我们再看看那句话“我不去想,是否能够成功,既然选择了远方,便只顾风雨兼程。”这句话确实体现出一种精神,那就是不拍困阻,勇往直前。是的,在人生的道路上我们会遇到很多的挫折,很多的失败,可是我们如果想完美地走完人生之路,就必须克服困难,我们,就应该做到这点。
总结来说:我们不要去想成功后的样子,而应该考虑的是自己怎么成功,但是,只考虑也是不够的,我们应该做到,只有做到,才能够走向成功!
人生道路漫长,我们要选准一个目标,然后努力实现,不论经历多少艰难挫折,都要达到心中的目标!
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
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