(1开门见山,提出中心论点。
(2针对现实中某种现象(或事例或观点进行分析,然后提出论点(或提出论题,具有很强的针对性。
(3引用名言提出论点或论题,同时,名言又是证明论点的论据。
(4由某个故事或事例引出论点或论题,同时,故事和事例又是证明论点的论据。
(5摆出错误的论点和论据,为下文的批驳树立靶子。
(6用生动的比喻或故事(如寓言引出论点,既能激发读者的阅读兴趣,又能把抽象的道理形象化,便于读者接受。
好久都没感觉到寂静的心理,可能,只有到了夜,才会是一场精神上的晚餐,视觉上的盛宴。
谈到夜,大家可能只能想到皎洁清澈的明月,伸手不见五指的昏黑,但在我眼里,那夜,仿佛如大地的睡颜,不是平淡无奇,而是一种无声息的琉璃婉转,一种如诗般的优美......
夏夜,好像是白天太阳的余热,像点了盏红灯似的,热闹非凡。即便丝爽透凉的月光洒在犹如少女般纯净的湖面上,也照样掩盖不住风儿的丝丝细语,是声音太大了吗?竟将那湖面
掀起一阵阵宛如波浪的涟漪,可见那哗啦啦的响声,给小巧玲珑的蝈蝈带来了想法。一块与这部分俊俏葱绿的小草和恬淡的花朵来赏析夜晚的歌曲,那一串串律动则是一场梦与幻的摇蓝曲,倪静浮华。
秋夜,天高露浓,一弯月牙在天边静静地挂着。清冷的月光流下大地,是那样幽暗,还有数不尽的星辰在眨着小眼,越发在星空灿烂起来,浑天双色,一种说不出的神秘将大地笼罩起来,有些,是一片未知的蓝......往下看,那是一片暗红色的森林,朦朦胧胧,勾画出暗红的清新好看。树枝在微微颤抖,将还想停留一线的树叶抖落空中,一股秋叶的清冷,从大地上渗出来,不一会儿,叶儿便被蓝色的风给吹走,划过天际。
冬季的月光,映在白白的雪上,大片的透明色,展示在眼前。在月光的安抚下,世界看上去一片宁静,只留下了一个诺大的星空,和一个弯弯明月。数不尽的寂寞与尘埃,随着着窗前的霜花,形成了一幅冷冷的画,流去,留去......
可能,我依旧可以坐在那里,享受时间的流逝,愕然回首困乏的星空,聆听风儿带给我的祈祷,在这夜中向那一片无垠的暗蓝,回忆过去。过不了一会儿,就昏睡过去,大概是太安静了,罢了!
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
⑴事例论证的回答格式是:具体有力地证明了……的论点,使论证更有说服力。
⑵比喻论证的回答格式是:生动形象地证明了……的论点,通俗易懂,容易让人接受。
⑶对比论证的回答格式是:将……和……作对比(或从正反双面进行对比,突出证明了……的论点,给人深刻鲜明的印象。
⑷道理论证(常常考查引用名言警句、俗语谚语、公式定理的道理论证),回答格式是:通过引用名言警句/俗语谚语/公式定理,证明……的论点,增强了论证的说服力。
注意:“……的论点”,如果是从全文问论证方法的作用,要写中心论点;如果是从某一段或几段问,要写分论点,分论点往往在论述段落的第一句或最后一句。
答题思路:事实论据、道理论据两种。作用都是证明了***的论点。
傍晚到来了,天空慢慢变黑,大地开始沉沉进睡了。
夜色是那样的迷人,天上一颗颗宝石似的星星闪闪发光,神秘的眨了眨它那迷人的双眼。弯弯的月亮像一只小船,在天空中自由自再的划行。夜晚,大家的"夜来香"女孩散发出阵阵奇异的香味。蟑螂小姐和蜻蜓女孩在花心上聚会它们又唱又跳,而且还在比美呢!欢快的小鸟快活地飞回了热和的家,还不时的为我们的小孩唱着摇篮曲。
夜是柔软的。清幽的月光,闪闪的星光,灿烂的灯光看上去是那样的刺眼。"风女孩"用它那独一无二的翅膀抚摸着大地妈妈嘴里还不时的唱着歌。往日那热闹的广场也不在那样喧哗了。然而只有一些调皮的孩子借着进夜在院子里玩捉迷躲……你追我赶,还真像一群开心的小星星。街道像一条波平如镜的河流的河流,回忆着当天的热闹与繁忙。
看着天上的月亮,就仿佛看见了漂亮的神话仙子嫦娥携带我们的玉兔在月亮上跳着自己喜欢的舞蹈。同时也展示出了它的多彩多艺,倘若你那天看到了这如诗如画的情景,必然会不由自主地说:"大自然的神奇和多姿多彩的景色太独一无二了。"
大地开始觉醒,但我依旧感觉它是那样的精妙尽伦。它的漂亮将没办法用我们的言语来表达,只能专心灵往细细的领会。今天,我看到了这黑夜里的美景,只有如此的美景才能让我好像在腾云驾雾通常。
夜的美,夜的色,夜的幽,夜的甜。让我如痴如醉。
夜我爱你,就像老鼠爱大米。
【答题思路】从以下两方面把握:
(1位置:论点常在这些位置
①题目点明②开头提出(事例引出/名言引出/直接提出/引用提出③结尾总结④文章中间(注意承上启下的句子
(2一般是判断句,有判断词,或能转换为判断句。
(3观点鲜明,支持什么,反对什么,具有很强的倾向性。
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