1。hereby
该词意为by means of , by reason of this, by this agreement,“特此”,“因此”,“兹”,“在此”。此词常用作法律、经贸文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语,在合同条款中需特别强调时也可用,表示当事人借此合约,要宣示某种具有法律效力的“意思表示”,如保证、同意、放弃权利等,一般放于主语后,紧邻主语。如:The Company hereby covenants and warrants that…… 意为:By this agreement the Company covenants and warrants that……即:公司在此保证……再如:Both parties hereby agree that……意为:By this agreement both parties agree that……即:双方当事人在此同意……
2。hereof
该词意为:of this agreement,“关于此点”;“在本文件中”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:to take effect on the date hereof 意为:to take effect on the date of this agreement 即:于本合约之日期生效。再如:the headings of the sections hereof 意为:the headings of the sections of this agreement 即:本合约各条款之标题。
3。hereto
该词意为:to this agreement,“至此”,“在此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的……本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的`名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:both parties hereto 意为both parties to this agreement,即本合约之当事人双方;items specified in Attachment I and hereto 意为:items specified in Attachment I to this agreement 即:本合约之附件I所列之各项。
4。herein
该词意为:in this agreement,“此中”,“于此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同(中)的……,本法(中)的……”等,一般置于所修饰词后,紧邻所修饰词。如:to file a suit in the court agreed to herein 意为:to file a suit in the court agreed to in this agreement 即:向当事人于本合约中同意管辖的法院提起诉讼;再如:to follow the terms and conditions herein 意为:to follow the terms and conditions in this agreement,即:遵守本合约所规定的条件。
5。hereinafter
该词意为:later in the same Contract,“以下”,“在下文”,一般与to be referred to as, referred to as, called 等词组连用,以避免重复。
6。hereunder
该词意为:under this agreement,“在本合约内”、“依据本合约”。如:obligations hereunder,意为obligations under this agreement,即“本合约内的义务”。再如:rights granted hereunder,意为rights granted under this agreement,即“依本合约所赋予的权利”。
Li Min is our monitor.She is tall, healthy and lively.She does well in all subjects.She is fond of sports and is good at singing and dancing。
Li Min works hard at English. When she came to the school, she had quite a lot of difficulties with the language. But she was not afraid of them and always tried hard to overcome them. She was active in class and did a lot of practice after class. No pains, no gains.With great efforts she made much progress in English study.
Li Min is modest and always ready to help others. She is very strict with herself in her work and daily life. She sets us all a fine example.
我们的班长 李敏是我们的班长。她很高,健康活泼。她擅长所有科目。她喜欢运动,擅长唱歌和跳舞。 李敏的英语努力工作。当她来到学校,很多困难的\'语言。但她不是怕他们,总是努力克服它们。她是活跃在课堂上和课后做大量的练习。一分耕耘。以极大的努力她在英语学习中取得了很大进步。 李敏是温和的,并且随时准备帮助别人。她对自己要求很严格在她的工作和日常生活。她为我们建立了一个很好的例子。
1。thereof
以”there”为前缀加上介词构成的词,如thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith等,在文中具体指什么,需要读者依照合同的上下文来判断,因而理解起来比较复杂,请看下例:
This Agreement is written in the English language。 In case of any discrepancy between the English version and any translation thereof, the English text shall govern。 句中”the English version and any translation thereof”从上下文判断意为 “the English version and any translation of the English version”,即thereof一词代替of the English version。与以here开头的词如hereof的理解方法类似。
2。therein
该词意为in that, in that particular
context, in that respect,“在那里”,“在那点上”,“在那方面”,表示上文已提及的“合同中的”“工程中的”。如:the contract or any part thereof意为the contract or any part of the contract,合同或合同的任何部分。
3。thereto
该词意为:to that,“随附”,“附之”,如:“Contract Products” means the products specified in Appendix 2 to this Contract, together with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect thereto。 句中or developments with respect thereto 意为:or developments with respect to the developments。
4。thereunder
该词意为:under that, “在其下”,“依照”,如:The Borrower fails to pay any amount payable thereunder as and when such amount shall become payable。 句中any amount payable thereunder意为any amount payable under the contract。
Li Min works hard at English(李敏在英语这一科上很努力). When she came to the school, she had quite a lot of difficulties with the language.(当她刚来学校时,她在语言学习上遇到了困难) But she was not afraid of them and always tried hard to overcome them. (但是她不害怕,总是一直努力尝试去克服它们)She was active in class and did a lot of practice after class(她在课堂中积极表现,课后做大量练习). No pains, no gains(没有努力就没有收获).With great efforts she made much progress in English study.(通过她的.努力,也在英语学习上取得了很大的进步)
Li Min is modest and always ready to help others.(李敏是一个谦虚的人,她总是准备随时帮助别人) She is very strict with herself in her work and daily life.(她在工作上和日常生活里都严于律己) She sets us all a fine example.(她为我树立了一个好榜样)
那是一幢郊外的别墅,买了很多年了,在房价还没有涨起来的时候,从房价到装修据说就花了两个多亿。外表白色罗马式建筑,从我仅有的几个欧洲王官的印象,这豪宅没有白金汉宫和西班牙王官富丽堂皇,但波兰王宫和它比起来,还是要俭朴些。
室内约一千平方米面积,遍布浮雕、青铜塑像、各种动物毛皮、真皮沙发,天花板上是欧洲宫廷常见的壁画,但明显是中国入画的,既不是宗教故事,也不是世情百态,是中国人对外国贵族的想象。果然,主人说这是他请美院学生绘制的,长达一年的时间里需要仰脖子,害得学生们患了颈椎病。
有间像是卡拉OK兼舞厅的大房间,风格与其他房间完全不同,极像80年代的舞厅,挂着彩球灯,液晶电视里循环播放着介绍某总的纪录片,片头音乐与内容完全是仿照《东方时空》拍摄的,不熟悉媒体内幕的会以为这真是央视为他制作的《东方之子》。
还有一间极大的客厅,正中央摆着豪华浴缸,四面都是进出的门,不知谁敢在里面泡澡,随时有春光乍泄的风险。室内游泳池的水倒是很干净,一看就是从没人下去过。某总另一处房产的邻居是个知名演员,某总曾经问他:“你为什么不挖个泳池。”他幽默的邻居回答说:“你们家那个不是为我准备的么?反正也没人用。”
这个宅子里配了六个厨子和N名白衫黑裤的老妈子,饭菜倒是简单,主席的家乡菜,红烧肉之类的。某总的女管家介绍说,我们吃的大米是与螃蟹养在一起的,每斤售价100多元,我这没福气的吃不出好赖。
说起某总的女管家也有趣,她们是姐妹花,不过已经枯萎了,从轮廓上看,年轻时也谈不上好看。但绝对的忠心耿耿,席间你很难正经吃饭,因为一直要听她们为某总鼓与呼,并为某总没有经常出现在电视节目上而愤愤不平。
那天的`宴会有十来个人,有位聪明而刻薄的钢琴家劝某总:“我觉得您这家里还缺几幅世界名画,一定得是伦勃朗、毕加索的真迹,假的绝不能挂,咱丢不起这人。”这话说得我心惊胆战,偷看某总的表情,泰然自若,这才明白中国的成功人士为啥推崇“厚黑学”。
在座的还有一位做投资的女人,她带了几位客户,全是富婆。当女管家拼命赞美某总时,其他人勉强维持着教养,静静地听着。一个操胶东口音的女富婆突然站起来说:“困了,走了。”富人和穷人的差别在哪?富人有说“不”的权力。
那短短的一餐饭回味起来很嗨皮,我们看到的富豪正按他想象中的富豪的生活方式生活着,多有趣。
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