到了皇宫门口,兰兰小公主带着云云走了进去,对皇上说:“干爸爸,是我调皮,但我能回来全依云云才行!”
皇上大喜,给云云多得用不完的金子,多得吃不完的食物,要云云留下,云云说:“我只能流浪,皇上请别难为我!”兰兰小公主同意了,对云云说:“我永远忘不了你,忘不了这次历险!再见!”
在这个句子中,我们先选择advertisements,influences, people这三个词汇,然后开始准备扩句。
太多专业数据会给人捏造的痕迹,缺乏真实性。考官会质疑数据的出处。
例:A survey indicates that the number of people smoking has increased to as high as 65 percent in China.(一项调查显示。。。)
"65%"让文章看起来有些假,有捏造的嫌疑。"A survey"又不够具有代表性。
春风徐徐地吹着,阳光暖暖的照着,森林里绿树成荫,散发着新鲜的空气,小动物们在森林里自由自在的生活着。
今天是长颈鹿的生日,它邀请了森林的许多小动物来参加生日派对。赴宴的路上,小羊蹦蹦跳跳的。一边唱着歌,一边跳着舞,非常高兴。远远的,它看到了一只小白兔蹲在树下,走近细看,“啊,好可爱呀!” 小羊自言自语地说。于是,小羊问小白兔:“你怎么了?”小兔说:“我脚扭了。”小羊听了说:“我学过一点医术,让我看看吧!”不一会儿,小羊就把小兔的伤治好了。然后,小兔拿出了一个笛子给了小羊,小羊说:“这是什么?”小兔说:“笛子,如果你遇到了困难,我就会立刻出现,这是我对你的谢意。”接着,小羊拿着“宝贝”开心的去了生日派对。
在派对上,小动物们都各显神通,使出了自己的看家本领。为长颈鹿贺寿。晚宴结束后,小羊就回家了。在回家的路上,小羊觉得后面一直有东西跟着它,就转过头看了一下,啊,原来是一只凶猛的狼,狼也在想,我肚子也饿了,这只羊这么胖,正好当我的晚餐了。这时,小羊拔腿就跑。跑了好一段路,小羊已经满头大汗、
筋疲力尽了,再也跑不动了。可是狼还在追着。这时,小羊害怕极了。突然,小羊想起了小兔的话,就立刻拿出笛子吹响了它。那笛声非常美妙动听,连狼也被迷住了,好像陶醉在音乐里。当音乐停下来,狼又恢复了以前的凶恶,向羊扑过去,奇了怪了?羊在跑,怎么没见狼前进呀!原来是小兔出现了,施了魔法,狼的阴谋没得逞,只能落荒而逃。
从此,小羊和小兔成了一对形影不离的好朋友。我们要向小羊和小兔学习,要助人为乐,处处行善,这样就会有意想不到的收获。
从前,有一只非常喜欢看书的小兔,他每天都会搬很多书到大树桩上看书,看得时间久了,脖子酸了,他就用手托着头继续看。
渐渐地,小兔觉得在树桩上用手托着头看书太累了。于是,小兔就躺在草地上看书。他正看着,被在草地上散步的山羊爷爷看到了,山羊爷爷连忙走过来对小兔说:“小兔,你不能躺着看书,这样对眼睛不好,你会变成近视眼,要戴眼镜的。”小兔听了却不以为然,说:“山羊爷爷,这样躺着看舒服,变成近视眼又有什么关系。”山羊爷爷说不过小兔,就摇摇头继续散步去了。
过了几天,小兔又觉得躺着看书光线太暗了。于是,他就在每天太阳高照的时候看书。这天他正看着,被在草地上玩耍的小鹿姐姐看到了,小鹿姐姐急忙跑过来对小兔说:“小兔,你不能在大太阳下看书,眼睛要看坏的。”小兔却说:“小鹿姐姐为什么不能在太阳下看书?我觉得这么好的天气正适合看书,你不用担心我的眼睛,坏不了。”小鹿姐姐也说不过小兔,无可奈何地走开了。
日子慢慢地过去了,小兔的眼睛果然慢慢地就近视了,他终于戴上了眼镜。这下他后悔了:“早知道听山羊爷爷和小鹿姐姐的劝告了!现在后悔也来不及了!戴眼镜真上太不方便!”
雅思考试有条写作指令叫做:Include relevant examples from your own experience. 所以很多考生在考试时都喜欢使用举例法(exemplification。这一扩展方式本身无可厚非,然而在使用时几种例子是不适合的。
一、何为“折衷观点”和“折衷方案”。
很多雅思写作考题的提问方式都是“Do you agree or disagree?”或者“To what extent do you agree or disagree?”。很多刚刚接触雅思的学生甚至是老师认为对于这种提问方式无非就是yes或no两种答案,所以文章的观点也就只能是同意或者不同意了。其实,对于这类提问,也可以采用“折衷”的观点,即“partly agree,partly disagree”(部分同意,部分不同意)。但是前提是一定要在文章中从支持和反对的两方面都阐述一些理由,而且最好再提出一种“折衷”方案。例如,考题问“现在很多人用动物做试验,你同意吗?”,考生可以在文中分别讨论支持和反对动物试验的理由,最后提出动物试验既有好处也有坏处,这就是一种“折衷”观点。除此之外,作者还提出了是否能用动物来做试验主要是取决于试验是否能给人类生活带来显著的改善(比如帮助人类发明治疗Aids的药物),这就属于“折衷”方案。
二、“折衷观点”和“折衷方案”的几种形式。
那么如何提出“折衷观点”呢?“折衷方案”又有哪几种形式呢?下面笔者将对常见的几种安排折衷观点和折衷方案的\'形式,结合相应的考题进行总结。
(1) 兴利除弊
“兴利除弊”应该是一种比较简单的折衷方案,在优缺点类文章中特别常用。即在分析完考题所涉及事物的优缺点之后,在结尾段提出“优缺点都有,我们要兴利除弊”这样的折衷方案。例如以下考题:
The advantages brought by the spread of English as a “global language” will outweigh the disadvantages. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this view?
在讨论完英语作为全球性语言的利与弊之后,结尾段可以这样提出折衷观点:
To sum up, it is difficult to tell whether or not the advantages outweigh the disadvantages regarding the spread of English as a global language. What we may have to consider is how to accept this trend as positive while at the same time staying away from its drawbacks.
(2) 平衡发展
很多考题需要考生讨论两种观点,通常会有“discuss both views and give your own opinion”这样的提问要求。很多情况下,文中说到的两种观点表面上看来是完全相反,但其实并不矛盾,可以用“平衡发展”的思路来提出观点。例如考题:
Some people think that cultural traditions may be destroyed when they are used as money-making attractions aimed at tourists. Others believe it is the only way to save these traditions. Discuss on both sides and give your opinion.
在讨论完发展旅游的必要性和保护文化传统的重要性之后,结尾段可以这样提出折衷方案:
We should find the right balance between tourism development and cultural protection and I believe the government has a very important role to play here. In my own country, for example, many tourist cities have made effective development plans to successfully attract large numbers of visitors while still preserving their distinct cultural traditions.
(3) 取决于……
有时在讨论完A和B两种观点以后,可以提出类似于“同意A还是B要取决于……”这样的折衷观点,前文讲到的动物试验是否可以进行取决于试验的性质就是属于这样的方案。再比如下面这个例子:
Some people think that the animals should be treated as pets; others think that animals are sources of food and clothing. What is your opinion?
在讨论完动物当宠物养的理由和动物当食物吃的理由之后,结尾段可以这样提出观点:
From my point of view, there is no absolute answer as to whether animals should be treated like pets or as sources of food and clothes. It largely depends on what kinds of animals they are. But what remains undoubted is that we should treat animals with a humane attitude and bear in mind that they are important in preserving nature’s ecological equilibrium.
(4) 解决方法
很多双边讨论型文章中所讨论的两种观点其实是可以通过某种方案来“化解矛盾”的,例如这道考题:
In many countries, good schools and medical facilities are available only in cities. Some people think new teachers and doctors should wok in rural areas for a few years, but others think everyone should be free to choose where they work. Discuss and give your own opinion.
在讨论完“支边”的利(缩小城乡差距)与弊(年轻人丧失自由)之后,我们可以提出这样一种解决方案:
The best solution, therefore, is not to order, but to encourage. We should instill a sense of responsibility in young people and give more incentives to those who are willing to work in difficult areas, so that we can address the problem of urban-rural disparity while respecting whatever decisions new teachers or doctors have made.
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