一个国家同样难代表世界。雅思是international的考试,不应将范围框的太局限。此外考官来自各个国家,过分使用一个国家的例子会引起他们的反感。
例:Many children in China like to play computer games for a long time, leading to their poor eyesight.
只需小小改动便可成为成功范例。
因此,首先考生应了解,举例是一种常见的论述方式,特别在论述某一些比较抽象的话题的\'时候(比如文化类或跟艺术相关的话题)。但是,并不是每个段落都需要例证法,举例过多或过分牵强会影响文章的正式感,甚至给考官喋喋不休的感觉。
举例是为了更加形象地叙述事情。朗阁海外考试研究中心提醒考生们要注意以下原则:
2. Many schools demand the students wear uniforms. Some people think that such a practice can undermine their personality and individuality. What is your opinion?
3. Some people believe that pet animals such as cats and dogs cannot be kept in the cities, especially in busy modern cities. Do you agree or disagree?
4. Nowadays, teenagers cause a lot of social problems due to lack of discipline. Some people think that parents should spend more time staying with their children. Do you agree or disagree?
5. Nowadays, many children have their part-time jobs. Some people say that doing part-time jobs is useful, but others argue that children should enjoy their childhood. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.
6. Some people think if students want to learn a foreign language, it is advisable for them to learn it in the native countries where the language is actually spoken. Whats your opinion? Give your reasons.
7. In some countries, there are women taking the positions of police officers, while some people believe that women are not suitable to work in the police force. DO you agree or disagree? Write your reasons and give examples in your experience.
虽然来源于身边社会,但不可让描述方式变的太鸡毛蒜皮,拿不上台面。其实这点非常容易办到,只需要把事件中某一个具体的你,我,他,变成是客观群体,比如说people across the globe, students, they之类的人称即可。
举例的常见表达方式:
for example,/for instance,(后加句子)
Such as/ like (后加词组)
Take... as an example,
A case in point is that......
其次,在举例时还应注意尺度。
1. 应避免使用第一人称和第二人称,为了加强客观性,应将人称写成第三人称。
改正:Those people who raise pets, such as dogs and cats, are more likely to gain happiness and relieve their loneliness.(那些养宠物,例如养猫和养狗的人往往更容易获得快乐并且缓解孤独感)
2. 应避免引用一项调查研究,并同时伴有过多数据。应将数据去掉,用含糊的方法表示。
改正:There is much evidence to show that the number of people smoking has increased at an alarming rate in China. (大量证据表明。。。)
3. 应避免将例子局限在一个国家,尤其是中国。应将范围放至全世界。
改正:Many children around the world like to sit in front of the screen for a long time, leading to their poor eyesight.(在全世界,许多孩子在屏幕前待太久,导致了他们的视力减弱。
“全世界”的表达方式:around the world, all over the world, across the globe
【写作真题】The advocates of international aid believe that countries have a moral obligation to help each other, while the opponents consider it necessary, because money is misspent by the governments that receive it. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
【名师献计】This aid is essential to the homeless and useful in helping recipient countries return to their normal state after major disturbances. For example, with the humanitarian relief obtained worldwide on an annual basis, victims of natural disasters (such as tsunami, drought, flood throughout the world can recover rapidly and rebuild their homeland.
雅思考试有条写作指令叫做:Include relevant examples from your own experience. 所以很多考生在考试时都喜欢使用举例法(exemplification。这一扩展方式本身无可厚非,然而在使用时几种例子是不适合的。
一、事例法老话讲“摆事实,讲道理”,事例法就是用典型的具体事实例子作论据来证明论点,是议论文的基本手法,没有之一。运用此写作手法,需要注意论据和论点方向的一致性和紧密的统一,不可有距离,通俗地讲就是你例举的事实要站在你的论点上,对你的道理有积极的证明作用。但是有一点,要力求简洁,要善于抓住事例的精华,避免给阅卷老师留下啰嗦、磨叽的印象。
二、推理法用大众已知的事理论据来证明论点,即为推理法。这种方法是事例法的进阶,它可以连续或并列的用几个事例,由一得二,二得三,要以原因的必然性证实结果的必然性,最后的综合证明论点,要起到画龙点睛的作用。其中对于引用名人,一般要作一些阐明、说明,不要引完就单下结论,以免给人牵强、浅薄的感觉。
三、对比法对比法是将性质、特点在某些方面相近或相反的不同事物加以比较,凸出论点的正确性。它的特点就是在两个事例中比较出论点的优越性(类比法)或者正确性(反证法),其中反证法通过与论点完全相反的事例,来有力的反衬论点的正确,是一种非常有力度的议论文写作手法。这三种方法,就是一生二,二生三的关系,这三种也可以说是基本的议论文写作手法,其他象如假设法、因果互证法、归谬法等等各种高大上的方法,都是这三种方法的变幻使用。,得分才是最重要的,练习这个方法、那个方法,穷究细微,就怕同学们丢了西瓜捡了芝麻,所有的方法最终还是要回到这三种方法上来,三生万物,万变不离其中。祝同学们考个好成绩!
时间状语和地点状语,都是你的扩句好朋友,不信我们来看:
Most female consumers and their girlfriends shop unwisely and spend too much money in their early ages.(时间状语
Most female consumers and their girlfriends shop unwisely and spend too much money on luxurious purchases.(名词状语
Most female consumers and their girlfriends shop unwisely and spend too much money on souvenirs.(名词状语
即使是状语,也可以通过叠加将句子变得更加丰满。有能力的烤鸭当然可以通过状语从句定语从句等等来让句子更不一样。
不能过于空洞,也不能脱离现时,否则就失去了举例的意义。
太多专业数据会给人捏造的痕迹,缺乏真实性。考官会质疑数据的出处。
例:A survey indicates that the number of people smoking has increased to as high as 65 percent in China.(一项调查显示。。。)
"65%"让文章看起来有些假,有捏造的嫌疑。"A survey"又不够具有代表性。
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