Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的\',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
我的家乡在兰州,我是一个土生土长的兰州女孩儿。
兰州是一座美丽的城市。百里黄河风情线,宛如一条绿色飘带一样与黄河交相辉映,整个风情线形成了“三季有花、四季常青、水映城廊、树伴流水”的美丽风貌,被中外游客和兰州市民誉为兰州市的“外滩”。在黄河风情线上,有着西游记、水车园、绿色希望、黄河母亲、近水广场、彩色喷泉、中华“龙源”雕刻园、文溯阁与皋兰文庙、丁香园等景点,这些景点像一串明珠点缀在百里长岸。
兰州,是全国唯一一座黄河穿城而过的城市。在兰州市里,黄河犹如一条锦带,蜿蜒东去。依托黄河两岸风光和名胜古迹兴建的融山木,众文胜迹于一体的“百里黄河风情线”,则如同镶嵌在锦带上的一串明珠。
在百里黄河风情线上,最著名的要数黄河母亲的雕像了。黄河母亲像,由“母亲”和一“男婴”构成。母亲神态慈祥、微微含笑,男婴兴趣首憨笑,顽皮可爱。雕塑寓意深刻,象征着哺育中华民族生生不息,不屈不绕的黄河母亲,和快乐幸福,茁壮成长的华夏子孙。
兰州不仅景色美丽,名小吃也有很多呢!
兰州的牛肉拉面,是兰州最为著名的风味小吃和最具特色的大众化经济小吃,被兰州人誉为兰州的麦当劳,牛肉面创始于光绪年间,牛肉面以肉料汤鲜、面质精细而蜚声中外。兰州牛肉面讲究一清、二白、三红、四绿。一清,指汤清;二白,指萝卜白;三红,是辣椒红;四绿为蒜苗香菜绿。牛肉面中最好吃,最香的也是最重要的就是牛肉汤。牛肉汤是由秘制的配方和牛肉在高压锅中熬成的。那味道,就是一个字——香!当你吃完面后喝汤时,喝了一口就忍不住要喝第二口,然后一直喝,直到喝完为止。冬日的早上,吃一碗香喷喷的牛肉面,这一天都会保持良好的精神儿,使你倍感温暖、舒适。
也许南方人并不理解为什么兰州人一大清早就要吃一大碗牛肉面,他们总认为早上只需要吃一点儿就够了,就像我们不理解南方人为什么只吃一点儿米饭一样。其实,兰州人早上吃一碗牛肉面,是吃出了兰州的特色,吃出了兰州人的特色!
来到兰州,除了要尝一尝最有名的牛肉面,还有很多不能错过的风味美食。
在兰州,还有一个著名的风味水果,那就是——兰州软儿梨。兰州软儿梨在“瓜果城”兰州,以它特殊的风味成为梨中的佼佼者。软儿梨立冬后成熟,其色黄中带绿,青中泛红,果皮比较厚,果肉厚,味道酸涩。吃时撕破表皮,用嘴吸吮,一包如糖似蜜的果汁顿时溶入口中,饮之甜津津,凉丝丝,清香无丝,沁人心脾,余味久久不绝,因此,软儿梨也称香水梨。
美丽兰州,我可爱的家乡!我热爱这片土地,我热爱兰州!
© 2022 xuexicn.net,All Rights Reserved.