1。Whereas
该词意为:considering that, “鉴于”,“就(而论”,常用于合同协议书的开头段落以引出合同双方订立合同的理由或依据。如:Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology of Party B to manufacture and sell the Contract Products……鉴于甲方希望利用乙方的专利技术制造并销售合同产品。
2。Whereby
该词意为:by the agreement, by the following terms and conditions,“凭此协议”,“凭此条款”,常用于合同协议书中以引出合同当事人应承担的主要合同义务。如:
A sales contract refers to a contract whereby the seller transfers the ownership of an object to the buyer and the buyer pays the price for the object。 句中a contract whereby the seller transfers……意为:a contract by which the seller transfers……
以上是对外经贸合同英语中几个典型旧体词用词方面的重要的特点,笔者希望初涉外经贸合同的教师和学生予以留意,有针对性地学习,达到事半功倍的效果;也希望进行外贸合同写作时也能把握住这几个特点,写出好的外经贸合同,顺利地进行外贸业务往来。
1。thereof
以”there”为前缀加上介词构成的词,如thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith等,在文中具体指什么,需要读者依照合同的上下文来判断,因而理解起来比较复杂,请看下例:
This Agreement is written in the English language。 In case of any discrepancy between the English version and any translation thereof, the English text shall govern。 句中”the English version and any translation thereof”从上下文判断意为 “the English version and any translation of the English version”,即thereof一词代替of the English version。与以here开头的词如hereof的理解方法类似。
2。therein
该词意为in that, in that particular
context, in that respect,“在那里”,“在那点上”,“在那方面”,表示上文已提及的“合同中的”“工程中的”。如:the contract or any part thereof意为the contract or any part of the contract,合同或合同的任何部分。
3。thereto
该词意为:to that,“随附”,“附之”,如:“Contract Products” means the products specified in Appendix 2 to this Contract, together with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect thereto。 句中or developments with respect thereto 意为:or developments with respect to the developments。
4。thereunder
该词意为:under that, “在其下”,“依照”,如:The Borrower fails to pay any amount payable thereunder as and when such amount shall become payable。 句中any amount payable thereunder意为any amount payable under the contract。
Jane Eyre is a first-person narrative of the title character, a small, plain-faced, intelligent and honest English orphan. The novel goes through five distinct stages: Jane's childhood at Gateshead, where she is abused by her aunt and cousins; her education at Lowood School, where she acquires friends and role models but also suffers privations; her time as the governess of Thornfield Manor, where she falls in love with her Byronic employer, Edward Rochester; her time with the Rivers family at Marsh's End (or Moor House and Morton, where her cold clergyman-cousin St John Rivers proposes to her; and her reunion with and marriage to her beloved Rochester at his house of Ferndean. Partly autobiographical, the novel abounds with social criticism and sinister gothic elements.
无论是在学校还是在社会中,大家总免不了要接触或使用吧,通过作文可以把我们那些零零散散的思想,聚集在一块。写起作文来就毫无头绪?以下是小编帮大家整理的外出旅游英语作文,欢迎阅读与收藏。
i went to three cities to play during last summer holidays. they are beijing, dalian and huhehot. i went to beijing more than eight times. beijing is the capital of china. it’s a big city. i am very familiar with beijing. it takes an hour and forty minutes from nantong to beijing by plane. there are many tall buildings in beijing. it’s a modern city. my family visited the great wall, the summer palace, the palace museum, the beihai park, the space museum, etc.
i went to the countryside of beijing to go boating and fishing. it was very interesting. i went shopping in wangfujing. i bought lots of souvenirs and other things. i like eating beijing snacks. they are delicious. don’t miss beijing duck. it is really nice. dalian is a beautiful city. dalian is close to beijing. i spent 5o minutes on the plane. dalian is near the sea. i smelled the salt in the air. the roads are clean. there are lots of trees and flowers near the roads. there are many esplanades and japanese buildings. there are some fountains in one of the esplanades. some people flew kites and walked on the esplanades. we went to see the beach and the sea. the sea is blue. there were many swimmers in the sea. i lay on the beach to see the sky. dalian is a very nice place to live in. huhehot is in inner mongol. there are lots of large grasslands. the grasslands are endless. the sky is bright blue. there were a lot of horses and sheep. they were running or eating grass. i rode a horse on the grassland.
i picked some colourful flowers. we drank tea with milk. there is a small desert, it was very hot when i walked on it. the sand could sing. these trips helped me open my eyes. i enjoyed my day.
The Best Way of Traveling最好的旅游方式
People travel by plane, by train, by ship, by bus. To me, the best way of traveling on a summer vacation is to go on foot.人们会乘坐飞机、火车、轮船、公交车去旅游。对于我来说,最好的旅游方式是暑假期间徒步旅游。
On a summer vacation I travel to refresh myself and to see the countryside. When I use my feet and walk on a grass covered path or among the hills I feel detached from the noise of the city and closer to the nature. And when I travel on foot I get more freedom. I can plan my own schedule. I can choose my own route. I can stop where I like. And I can see things and people that I might miss if I travel on a train or on a bus.暑假的时候,我通过旅游去释放自己和游览乡间。当我用双脚走在铺满小草的小径或山间时,我感觉(自己)远离城市的喧嚣,并且更亲近大自然。当我徒步旅行时我可以得到更多的自由。我可以自己选择行程。我可以自己选择路线。只要喜欢,我就可以停下来。而且我可以看到很多人和事,那些我可能乘坐火车或公车旅行而错失的。
When faster and more convenient ways for travel are becoming available, I still favor using my own feet. I get much pleasure from it. 当更快、更方便的旅游方式变成通用的,我仍然支持用自己的双脚(旅行),我从中得到了许多乐趣。
i read the book written by luxun .it is called zhaohuaxishi. it includes 10 short articles about the writers stories .they are based on his own experience , when i read this book ,i feel very happy to see luxuns childhood. it was diffrent from ours,so we may find it intersting and exciting. luxuns langange is very great but maybe difficult to understand . but through his words ,we can find his happiness in his heart .
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