这件事发生在夏天的一个下午。太阳像一个大火球高挂在空中,一丝风都没有。花草都无精打采地低着头,昏昏欲睡。连柏油路都晒软了,印上了一条深深的车轮印,我走在放学的路上,戴着帽子,但仍然满脸淌汗,此刻多么盼望吃个雪糕解解渴呀!
走着走着,看见前面有一群人正在买雪糕,我觉得口渴难忍,也挤进人群,买了一根。咬了一口雪糕,哇!
真舒服,从头凉到脚。我随手把雪糕纸一扔,雪糕纸飘飘荡荡,正好落在果皮箱外面。我有心跑过去捡,转念一想:算了,不就是一张雪糕纸嘛,没什么了不起的,于是,便继续朝前走。
过了一会儿,我来到一个岔路口,看见一个五六岁的小男孩举着一个雪糕向妈妈跑去。一边跑,一边喊:“妈妈,给你!”他跑到妈妈跟前,一只手把雪糕送到妈妈嘴里,一只手把雪糕纸扔到了地上,他的妈妈俯身拾起雪糕纸说:“土地公公和你一样爱干净,你把它的衣服弄脏了,它会生气的。这环境卫生要靠我们大家来保持,那边有果皮箱,妈妈和你一起把雪糕纸扔到箱里去。”说着,他们一起走到果皮箱前,把雪糕纸扔了进去。
望着这情景,我的脸刷的一下子红到了脖子根,那母子俩的举止、言行,就像一块石头,打破了我心灵的平静。我嘴里的雪糕,不知怎的,一点凉意都没有。不但如此,反而觉得异常的燥热,脸无处藏,身无处躲,心里就像打翻的五味瓶,苦辣酸甜咸,说不清是哪种滋味。我望着那母子俩远去的背影,觉得自己缺少点什么,觉得自己很渺小,抬不起头来……
以后的日子,天气仍然持续高温,阵阵热浪包围着这座城市。我还与往常一样,在口渴的时候,买一个雪糕抵御酷暑。只是再没让雪糕纸随风飘扬,而是把它小心地放进了垃圾箱。我坦然地品尝着雪糕带给我的甜美和清凉。
这件事情真不小,它永远激励着我!
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文:
第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法
结论:
第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的\',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
走进公园正门,首先引入眼帘的是大道两旁的松树,给人一种庄严肃穆的感觉,一颗颗松树犹如一个个士兵整整齐齐地排成一排,守护者这美丽的大公园。
往右一看,草丛里的各种植物竞相生长,草丛的叶子有红的、绿的、紫的、黄的……就像一个大彩蛋似的美丽极了。再往左一看,就是一个美丽的大花坛,小花点缀着花坛好似夜空中闪烁的繁星。花坛里生长的月季花有的含苞欲放,有点亭亭玉立,有玫瑰红的、淡黄的、粉红的、还有白色的,朵朵月季都好像要把他们美丽的样子展示给我们一样。最引人注意的是秋菊,十几盆秋菊摆得整整齐齐,它们千姿百态,争奇斗艳。这里的花儿五颜六色形态不一美极了。彩蝶在花坛里上下飞舞,给花坛又增添了许多勃勃生机。
往前走,就来到公园的“人工湖”。湖水蓝蓝的,真像一颗晶莹透彻的蓝宝石镶嵌在公园里面。像镜子一样平静的湖水映出蓝天白云的\'倒影,映出了小草绿油油的的身影,映出了花儿美丽的身影。蓝蓝的湖水和蓝蓝的天空连在了一起,分不清楚哪个是湖水,哪个是天空。
公园的美景像是一幅美丽的画卷,说也说不完,看也看不尽,有机会你也去细细观赏吧!
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
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