I read the book of Robinson Crusoe, their captors.
Article describes multiple sailing in the whole island, Crusoe masters of extraordinary survival 28 years experience, strive for survival, show the ingenuity and a man with indomitable perseverance in the face of hardship persistent existence desire, the lonely and eager to rescue the mood. In a lonely island overcome Robinson was done with fear, a savage and said he was "on Friday, they get along with each other, then built on Friday, Crusoe one kind of warm friendship." I also enjoy the disclosure of the business concept: Crusoe each sailing and adventure has clear commercial purpose, with his own property and calculating profit, he will also oneself life the island is his territory, in addition to reveal its economic thought, I admire John Robinson's rich, more learning his strong initiative and spirit of adventure, early efforts, hard work, and perfect kindness thought!
1。hereby
该词意为by means of , by reason of this, by this agreement,“特此”,“因此”,“兹”,“在此”。此词常用作法律、经贸文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语,在合同条款中需特别强调时也可用,表示当事人借此合约,要宣示某种具有法律效力的“意思表示”,如保证、同意、放弃权利等,一般放于主语后,紧邻主语。如:The Company hereby covenants and warrants that…… 意为:By this agreement the Company covenants and warrants that……即:公司在此保证……再如:Both parties hereby agree that……意为:By this agreement both parties agree that……即:双方当事人在此同意……
2。hereof
该词意为:of this agreement,“关于此点”;“在本文件中”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:to take effect on the date hereof 意为:to take effect on the date of this agreement 即:于本合约之日期生效。再如:the headings of the sections hereof 意为:the headings of the sections of this agreement 即:本合约各条款之标题。
3。hereto
该词意为:to this agreement,“至此”,“在此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的……本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的`名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:both parties hereto 意为both parties to this agreement,即本合约之当事人双方;items specified in Attachment I and hereto 意为:items specified in Attachment I to this agreement 即:本合约之附件I所列之各项。
4。herein
该词意为:in this agreement,“此中”,“于此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同(中)的……,本法(中)的……”等,一般置于所修饰词后,紧邻所修饰词。如:to file a suit in the court agreed to herein 意为:to file a suit in the court agreed to in this agreement 即:向当事人于本合约中同意管辖的法院提起诉讼;再如:to follow the terms and conditions herein 意为:to follow the terms and conditions in this agreement,即:遵守本合约所规定的条件。
5。hereinafter
该词意为:later in the same Contract,“以下”,“在下文”,一般与to be referred to as, referred to as, called 等词组连用,以避免重复。
6。hereunder
该词意为:under this agreement,“在本合约内”、“依据本合约”。如:obligations hereunder,意为obligations under this agreement,即“本合约内的义务”。再如:rights granted hereunder,意为rights granted under this agreement,即“依本合约所赋予的权利”。
1。thereof
以”there”为前缀加上介词构成的词,如thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith等,在文中具体指什么,需要读者依照合同的上下文来判断,因而理解起来比较复杂,请看下例:
This Agreement is written in the English language。 In case of any discrepancy between the English version and any translation thereof, the English text shall govern。 句中”the English version and any translation thereof”从上下文判断意为 “the English version and any translation of the English version”,即thereof一词代替of the English version。与以here开头的词如hereof的理解方法类似。
2。therein
该词意为in that, in that particular
context, in that respect,“在那里”,“在那点上”,“在那方面”,表示上文已提及的“合同中的”“工程中的”。如:the contract or any part thereof意为the contract or any part of the contract,合同或合同的任何部分。
3。thereto
该词意为:to that,“随附”,“附之”,如:“Contract Products” means the products specified in Appendix 2 to this Contract, together with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect thereto。 句中or developments with respect thereto 意为:or developments with respect to the developments。
4。thereunder
该词意为:under that, “在其下”,“依照”,如:The Borrower fails to pay any amount payable thereunder as and when such amount shall become payable。 句中any amount payable thereunder意为any amount payable under the contract。
回想起来,同学们是那样天真活泼,课堂是那样富有情趣,令我自豪。
那是春天,大地复苏。校园里鸟语花香,英语老师迈着轻快的步伐,走进教室,交给我一项重要的任务——当一次老师,我愉快的接受了任务。
“叮叮叮”,上课铃响了,我深吸一口气,走上讲台,对同学们说:Hello, Nice to meet yo.” “Nice ti meet yo to.”同学们不约而同地回答.我向同学们介绍了自己,同学们马上送给我热烈的掌声。随后,便开始在掌声中上课了,同学们,跟我读单词” “Yes,teacher.” “cover,cover, go” “cover, cover” “sell” “sell, sell.” “ok, agoin.” 接着,同学们又响亮的.读了起来。“好,现在我们每组同学充当一个角色,第一组彼得,第二组安妮,go。”我一声令下,充当角色的游戏马上就要开演了。“I like drawing, Let is draw,图片。”顿时,全班大笑,有的笑弯了腰,有的捂着肚子笑。“安静。”我拿着棍子喊道。这时,第二组的唐敏说“你们笑什么笑,没文化,不知道,中外结合吗?一看都不懂。”“哎,还中外结合,我看你是狗加唐敏相结合。”刘兵说。顿时,唐敏无话可说了,用书遮住脸,真想找个地缝钻下去。我说“笑什么,你们不知道鼓励他,反而在这里冷嘲热讽。唐敏,相信我,你会读懂的,加油。”听了我的鼓励,同学们和我一起为第二组的同学加油。第二组的同学昂起头,用洪亮的声音读出了安妮说的话:“I like drawing,Let is draw pictures。”刚说完,教室里便响起雷鸣般的掌声,第二组成功了。我对他们投去赞扬的眼光,他们也自豪的坐了下去。“唐敏,你刚才怎么不钻入地缝里去呀?”“哎呀,地缝里的大王不让我抢他地盘。”说着,大家都笑了起来。
“叮叮叮”下课了,这节课便在欢声笑语中结束了。
我第一次当小老师,既收获了成功,又收获了欢笑。虽然往事不再,但它已成为我记忆中的珍宝。
1。Whereas
该词意为:considering that, “鉴于”,“就(而论”,常用于合同协议书的开头段落以引出合同双方订立合同的理由或依据。如:Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology of Party B to manufacture and sell the Contract Products……鉴于甲方希望利用乙方的专利技术制造并销售合同产品。
2。Whereby
该词意为:by the agreement, by the following terms and conditions,“凭此协议”,“凭此条款”,常用于合同协议书中以引出合同当事人应承担的主要合同义务。如:
A sales contract refers to a contract whereby the seller transfers the ownership of an object to the buyer and the buyer pays the price for the object。 句中a contract whereby the seller transfers……意为:a contract by which the seller transfers……
以上是对外经贸合同英语中几个典型旧体词用词方面的重要的特点,笔者希望初涉外经贸合同的教师和学生予以留意,有针对性地学习,达到事半功倍的效果;也希望进行外贸合同写作时也能把握住这几个特点,写出好的外经贸合同,顺利地进行外贸业务往来。
Jane Eyre is a first-person narrative of the title character, a small, plain-faced, intelligent and honest English orphan. The novel goes through five distinct stages: Jane's childhood at Gateshead, where she is abused by her aunt and cousins; her education at Lowood School, where she acquires friends and role models but also suffers privations; her time as the governess of Thornfield Manor, where she falls in love with her Byronic employer, Edward Rochester; her time with the Rivers family at Marsh's End (or Moor House and Morton, where her cold clergyman-cousin St John Rivers proposes to her; and her reunion with and marriage to her beloved Rochester at his house of Ferndean. Partly autobiographical, the novel abounds with social criticism and sinister gothic elements.
这本书从盘古开天地说起,一直到满清王朝的覆灭,从中我认识了许多具有雄才大略的帝王将相,认识了抗击异族侵略的民族英雄,认识了侠肝义胆的壮士好汉,还认识了许多忧国忧民的文人志士。当然,给我印象最深的的也是我最自豪的就是中华民族光辉灿烂、源远流长的文化——四大名著、四书五经、《史记》《孙子兵法》、唐诗宋词元曲、四大发明、丝绸之路、郑和下西洋、敦煌莫高窟……听爷爷说,古代的中国在当时世界上还算是发达国家呢,中国的文化对周围的.一些国家产生了深远的影响,如日本、朝鲜。许多国家现在还保留着唐人街的称呼。听了爷爷的话,我的心中油然而生一股自豪感——我也是中国人啊。
爷爷还告诉我:“中国就是近代才走向衰落的。不过,现在我们国家的经济发展也很快。明年奥运会就要在北京举行了,这不容易呀,北京是击败了包括伦敦、巴黎、纽约等主要对手才赢得奥运主办权的,这不正是我们国家的实力的体现吗?”爷爷的话,我并没有完全听懂,但是,他说我们国家是凭实力获得主办权,这一点我明白。我们靠实力,靠自强赢得了尊重,赢得了信任,赢得了这次主办权。
其实不只是国家,我觉得一个人也是一样,只有自强不息,才能赢得别人的尊重,赢得他人的信任,才能把握住千载难逢的机会。比如学习上要想获得真正的学问就要做到勤奋,认真,要有克服困难的勇气和决心。俗话说得好,“机会往往留给有准备的人。”我已经准备好了,你呢?
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