Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
鼓励是严寒中的烈火;是盛夏中一杯可口的冰淇凌。鼓励有时只是几句真诚的话语;有时也是一个悄然无息的眼神。望着我桌上的那张照片,令我想起了那个熟悉的面孔,那个鼓励的眼神。顿时一件往事历历在目,他叫张莫函,他总是穿一件夹克衫,一条黑色的长裤,没有什么特别的今年已经年满13岁了,别看他相貌平平,他却有着坚强不屈的毅力,也同时感染了我。
我四年级那年,我和他一同被选入学校篮球的总校队。或许是我们是分校的,我们却总遭受到他们的排斥,孤立,提起他们的队员,教练总会带着微笑,而对我们,总是会带着不屑。记得有一天,教练安排我们分组对抗,两人一组,我们俩组成一组,心中暗自下定决心:让他们见识见识我们的实力。
似乎天空总是那么宁静,因为它不会体会到竞争的压力;似乎大地总是那么默默无闻,因为大地不会被万物排斥。我们显然没有这样的好心情——最后一个上场,我刚想抱怨,张却递给我一个一个暗示的眼神,告诉我不要着急,,显然,时间如流水,没过多久,我们上场了。
一出场,我便把球传给张,他几乎是踉踉跄跄接过我的传球,他站定,稳住心态,脸上露出了久违了的***气,他人球分过,一步窜过一个后卫,面对前来补防的队员,他从容的跳起,坚定地眼神感染着我,他将球投了出去,带着他的信念空芯入网,他将拳头如释重负地一甩,留给对手的只有惊讶。它再接再厉抢过对手的一个传球,看见没有人盯防我,他立马传给我,我知道,只要我突破进去便可直接得分,那我们就稳操胜券了,但是我没有,我在三分线处跳起,投球,却没进!对手抢到篮板,立马打了一个反击,成功得手。
To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour.
一沙一世界,
一花一天堂,
手中即无限,
永恒亦短暂。
成长是一个走向成熟的过程。在这个过程中,我们需要关爱,帮助……,但我认为:成长中最需要的,是鼓励。
这件事发生在不久前的校运会上。
“初二男生100米决赛开始检录。”大喇叭里传来这样的声音。我站起身,怀着喜忧参半的心情朝检录处走去。
喜的是我作为一名校田径队队员,短跑方面在年级里是数一数二的,而且我还在100米预赛中拿了第一呢!忧的是我在冲线的时候,右脚突然踩滑了,使我右腿上多了三处伤口。
来到检录处,我看到了田径队的两个老对手:小赵,小郭。这使我更加紧张,心中便萌生了以伤为借口,不参加决赛的念头。我心想:在平时训练的时候,我就和他们难分伯仲,这次摔伤了,那第一的宝座肯定是保不住了。比还是不比?我内心十分挣扎,活像热锅上的一只蚂蚁。这时,小郭也看到了我腿上的伤,跑过来安慰了我一下,说:“怎么样,没事吧?还能比吗?”“呃。”我不置可否地回答。“这样吧,”小郭停顿了一下,然后以一种极具诱惑力的口吻说:“这次比赛你就先别比了,把第一让给我们俩吧。反正你是上届冠军,这次因伤退出也情有可原。还可以让你威望不减,怎么样?”听了这话,我有点动心了。这时,我的好朋友小李跑过来看我,我对他说了心中的顾虑。他听后,先笑了笑,然后严肃地说:“不要气馁,别忘了你可是上届的第一,是全班的精神支柱,你要是不比了,别人会怎么看?到时候更丢人啊!你代表着我们初二(2班啊!要振作起来,快打消顾虑,好好地拼一场。加油!我相信你!”
是啊,我这点小伤算不了什么,刘翔跨栏摔倒后还继续奔跑呢!
我摒弃所有顾虑,准备全力一拼了。
“各就各位,准备——”,‘砰’,决赛开始了。我像颗出膛的子弹一样冲了出去,化鼓励为动力,奋力奔跑。临近终点时,我听到了同学们的加油鼓励声。这声音好像一股能量,让我忘却伤痛,一直冲到终点,最终我获得了季军。
在我们成长的道路上,会有许多像伤痛这样的挡路石,但老师,同学,家长的鼓励可以帮我们消除困难,为我们成长的道路消除障碍!
鼓励是每个人生活中不可缺少的一部分,如果一个人从来没有被鼓励,那么他驾驶的小船在一阵风吹过后,也将不再挺立。“学如逆水行舟,不进则退”。
如果一个人名落孙山,但后来在取得较好的成绩时,耳边依然响起的是叹息声,他也许会比以前更加举步维艰,踌躇不前,河水“轰隆隆”地一步一步推着他的小船后退,但是当他废寝忘食才使小船前进了来之不易的距离,却被认为只是微不足道的成果时,他手中的方向盘已向反方向转得越来越风驰电掣。而他前进的动力呢?早已抛到九霄云外去了。
就像美国作家巴得舒尔伯格写的《“精彩极了”和“糟糕透了”》。文中巴迪写了一首诗,母亲赞叹不已,父亲却不以为然。尽管巴迪每次把作品交给父亲阅览时,面对的都是一张冷峻的脸,但是他的母亲还是一如既往地鼓励他,因此巴迪一直坚持写作,终于功夫不负有心人,几年的坚持不懈终于使巴迪成为了一名作家。虽然巴迪没有获得父亲极高的评价,但是母亲的几句美言足以让巴迪能够挺起自己的小船。巴迪借用母亲的话推动着自己的小船继续航行,正因为如此,他获得了很大的进步。每一次母亲的鼓励,就是巴迪最后走向辉煌的前提。不仅美国作家的观点如此,家喻户晓的丘吉尔也不例外。丘吉尔天生留下了残缺的遗憾,成为了同学冷嘲热讽的对象和老师的出气孔。
由于长此以往,邱吉尔灰心丧气,整天懒懒散散,成绩保持倒数第一,失去了前进的力量。但是,他的四年级老师成为了他人生的转折点。这位老师不但不对他吹毛求疵,而且经常告诉丘吉尔他所拥有的优点。当丘吉尔取得鸡毛蒜皮的进步时,这位老师便大书特书,因此丘吉尔克服了心理障碍,成绩名列前茅,最终成为英国的首相,而他的四年级老师的故事也从此流芳百世。我的生活中也充满了鼓励,记得一次运动会前,老师训练我们练习100米跑。刚开始,我的速度实在令老师头疼,19秒,这种速度去参加比赛想金榜题名简直是黄梁一梦。但老师却说,没关系,其实每个人刚参加比赛都不过如此,只要加紧练习,名列前茅简直是小菜一碟。我顿时感到有一股暖流冲上身,一段艰苦的训练之后,预赛终于来临了,我的成绩简直不可思议,17秒,我竟然能赢得冠军,我欣喜若狂。成功并非如此地神秘,只要你拥有了一种特殊的动力,那是来自一次次非同小可的鼓励。
How to prevent the H7N9?
As is well known,the A flu is spreading throught our country. However, if we negnect it, the deadly H7N9 may cause more infectors,or even more deaths. So what is the most important is that we should take some effective measures to prevent it.They can be listed as follows.
Firstly,it is necessary for you to realize the Avian flu can be prevented if you develop good living habits. For example,you shouldn’t forget to wash your hands before meals.Besides,don’t spit everywhere and try to cover your mouth or nose with paper or hankerchiefs when you have to cough or sneeze.What’s more, remember to wear the mouth-cover if you have to go to the public places, such as the crowded cinemas,supermarkets, buses,where the A flu may spread easily.
Secondly,of course, taking exercise more often and taking good sleep to build your body are wise choices for you to reduce the risk of being infected.
Last but not the least, if you are unlucky to be infected with the slight flu cold, try to stay at home,and take some medicine. Do pay attention to your daily body temperature. If you have a high fever, go to the hospital without delay for further treatment. Make sure you are not expected to come back to school before the cold or flu is cured.
Only by doing like this can you prevent or defeat the A flu in the end.
在我记忆深处,还回荡着一个声音——坚定而又强烈。虽然这声音已离我远去,但我却无法忘记。有时,它还会飘荡在我的脑海中,使我恍惚又回到了那时……
暑假的时候,我去了自然门武校,在临近闭营式时,我们都要排节目表演。于是我们女生有的表演跳舞、武术等等。
因为我从来没有接触过跳舞,在老师教的过程中,我很努力地听着,练着,在我心里我觉得自己比别人都更加的努力认真,所以老师也有在大家面前表扬过我,这让我很高兴,我发誓要再闭营式上跳得更好,更棒。
闭营式的来临已经越来越近了,我也随着时间的流逝,心中的紧张也像一根温度计似的,越涨越高。
终于,最后一刻终于来临了。我的手心已经流出紧张的汗水,虽然台上不止我一个人,但第一次面对这样的场面难免会有点紧张。老师也似乎从我的异常看出了我的不安,走过来拍了拍我的肩,我吓得连忙转过身,老师用她那坚定地语气对我说:“没关系,你一定会跳好的!”
我听了老师的话,顿时感觉心中某处正有一股暖流缓缓淌过,流进我的身体,为我增加了勇气,心中的紧张也乖乖平静下来。
站在台上,耀眼的灯光照应在舞台上,仿佛倒了一地鎏金。周围是温和的黄色灯光,就像我内心此时此刻的感受,不停地回荡着老师的话,就觉得自己被温暖而拥抱着。
在老师鼓励下,我成功的发挥出最好的自己。
现在,老师那句鼓励的话一直回荡在我脑海里,就像海浪,一波接着一波涌上来。鼓励,能转换为成功的动力;鼓励,会产生意想不到的动力;鼓励,是一种对他人价值的肯定。其实,鼓励有时很简单,有的只是投一瞥赞许的目光,有的只是送一句热情中肯定的话语,也有的只是抚一下头,拍一下肩,鼓一次掌,喝一次彩……
我会将老师的话永远铭记在我心间。
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