(二)唐代(中后期)——戏曲的形成期。中唐以后,我国戏剧飞跃发展,戏剧艺术逐渐形成。
(三)宋金——戏曲的发展期。宋代的“杂剧,金代的“院本和讲唱形式的“诸宫调,从乐曲、结构到内容,都为元代杂剧打下了基础。
(四)元代——戏曲的成熟期。到了元代,“杂剧就在原有基础上大大发展,成为一种新型的戏剧。它具备了戏剧的基本特点,标志着我国戏剧进入成熟的阶段。
(五)明清——戏曲的繁荣期。戏曲到了明代,传奇发展起来了。明代传奇的前身是宋元时代的南戏(南戏是南曲戏文的简称,它是在宋代杂剧的基础上,与南方地区曲调结合而发展起来的一种新兴的戏剧形式。温州是它的发祥地)。南戏在体制上与北杂剧不同:它不受四折的限制,也不受一人唱到底的限制,有开场白的交代情节,多是大团圆的结局,风格上大都比较缠绵,不像北杂剧那样慷慨激昂,在形式上比较自由,更便于表现生活。可惜早期南戏的本子保留下来的极少,直到元末明初,南戏才开始兴盛,经过文人的加工和提高,这种本来不够严整的短小戏曲,终于变成相当完整的长篇剧作。例如高明的《琵琶记》就是一部由南戏向传奇过渡的作品。这部作品的题材,来源于民间传说,比较完整地表现了一个故事,并且有一定的戏剧性,曾被誉为“南戏中兴之祖。明代中叶,传奇作家和剧本大量涌现,其中成就最大的是汤显祖。他一生写了许多传奇剧本,《牡丹亭》是他的'代表作。作品通过杜丽娘和柳梦梅死生离合的故事,歌颂了反对封建礼教,追求幸福爱情,要求个性解放的反抗精神。作者给爱情以起死回生的力量,它战胜了封建礼教的束缚,取得了最后胜利。这一点,在当时封建礼教牢固统治的社会里,是有深远的社会意义的。这个剧作问世三百年来,一直受到读者和观众的喜爱,直到今天,“闺塾、“惊梦等片断还活跃在戏曲表演的舞台上,放射着它那艺术的光辉。
中国古代戏剧因以“戏和“曲为主要因素,所以称做“戏曲。中国戏曲主要包括宋元南戏、元明杂剧、传奇和明清传奇,也包括近代的京戏和其他地方戏的传统剧目在内,它是中国民族戏剧文化的通称。
gathering nearly all the well-known chinese original cartoon characters, ne zha, monkey sun and zhu bajie, the top three cartoon characters voted by kids, will lead acting in this dream fairyland and experience an outer space journey by spacecraft named °chang e±. including big-face cat, piggy bear and other nearly 20 characters will be joining this journey. a cartoon olympic game is on schedule as well, and the main difficulty they confront is how to ignite the torch on the pate of giraffe.
this smash show from cctv gathered a top line-up in chinese drama and cartoon field. top producers for screenwriting, choreography, casting, lighting and music devoted their talents here. lead acted by liu xiao ling tong and ma de hua, who are well-known for their excellent performance in tv series °journey to the west±, while notable children programs presiders as ju ping, dong hao, jin guizi and etc also join this sweet play with their specific role. cute characters, fantastic plot will endow kids a memorable hilarious night!
1、黄昏夕阳,异常艳丽,橙红和黄金交迭的云朵。
2、白色的山峦如同钻石一般镶嵌在靛蓝色的天空中。
3、天色竟如日出黎明一般,在宝蓝夜色的底层,有一层蒙眬光圈,缓缓上升,向天空扩散开来。
4、环绕的群山似乎都在燃烧,秋天的树木闪烁着各种缤纷色彩。
5、风信子为何绽射着似闲雅淡泊的味道?金盏花为何蕴散着一股华贵雍容的气息?
6、人生的价值,即以其人对于当代所做的工作为尺度。
7、在我们了解什么是生命之前,我们已将它消磨了一半。
8、人生应该如蜡烛一样,从顶燃到底,一直都是光明的。
9、尊重生命、尊重他人也尊重自己的生命,是生命进程中的伴随物,也是心理健康的
10、做人也要像蜡烛一样,在有限的一生中发一分热,发一份光,给人以温暖,给人以光明。人生就像奕棋,一步失误,全盘皆输。
Bicycle is a convinient means of transporation. It has been very popular in China. During the rush hours, particularly in big cities, you can often see a sea of bicycle riders in the streets. People can ride bicycles to their working places, to schools, to shopping centers and so on. In a word, bicycles play an important role in daily life.
Compared with cars, bicycles have many advantages. Firstly, they are not so expensive as cars and almost every family can afford to buy and repair them. Secondly, riding bicycle is a healthy form of exercise. They do good to our health. Thirdly, bicycles can save energy and does not cause any pollution, while cars will cause serious air pollution, which makes the air in our living place very dirty and makes a lot of people suffer from lung cancer. As we all know, China is a country with a large population. Ifeach family has a car, a large amount of energy would be wasted and air pollution would become more and more serious. Finally, most Chinese people don’ t live far away from where they work or study, it is convenient to ride bicycles. I think that is why bicycles are used so much.
Bicycles are so popular in China that China is often referred to as the kingdom of bicycles. I hope more and more people can ride bicycles in order to make our planet better and cleaner.
自行车是一种方便的交通工具。它在中国非常受欢迎。在高峰期间,尤其是在大城市,你可以经常在街上看到自行车骑手。人们可以骑自行车上班,学校、购物中心等等。总之,自行车在日常生活中起着重要的作用。
与汽车相比,自行车有许多优点。首先,他们不是很昂贵的汽车,几乎家家都能买得起和修理它们。其次,骑自行车是一种健康的运动。他们对我们的健康有益。第三,自行车可以节约能源,不会造成任何污染,而汽车会造成严重的空气污染,使我们生活的地方的空气变得非常脏,使很多人患有肺癌。我们都知道,中国是一个人口众多的国家。如果每个家庭都有一辆汽车,就会浪费掉大量的能源,而且空气污染会越来越严重。最后,大多数中国人不远离他们工作或学习生活,骑自行车很方便。我认为这就是自行车在中国大量使用的原因。
自行车在中国如此受欢迎,中国通常被称为自行车王国。我希望越来越多的`人可以骑自行车为了让我们的地球更好的和更清洁的。
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