激发孩子的学习潜能通常有以下方法:
1.心情法
就是需要通过情感的阳光以及提供丰富多彩的环境,将孩子潜能的屏蔽捅开,比如贴近自然。总之,要培养孩子的丰富感情世界,从而导入良好的心情,有了好心情,就会自觉地输入积极因素,从而调动潜意识进行工作。
而经过研究,我们发现,天才的秘密就是智力潜能比一般人开发得多一些早一些而已。所有天才的诞生都源于他们的幼年生活有着丰富多彩的环境,并获得了较好的心灵阳光。那么,怎样使用环境法开发孩子的潜能呢?就是为孩子的心灵生活布置充足的阳光,培植健康的情感世界,让孩子始终有个好心情。
2.开窍法
学习法专家钟道隆先生曾经举过一个例子,他说,西?有一个高山湖,它的水位比雅鲁藏布江高出数百米,如果能打通一个山洞,把水引出来发电的话,将是取之不尽用之不竭的能源。实际上,该湖所具有的只是潜能,而不是“现实能”。就“现实能”而言,该湖的水与天津塘沽口海拔为0米的水是完全一样的。“窍,孔洞也”,打山洞就是在周围的山上开窍,开了窍以后就可以把潜在的水能转化为“现实能”。人的大脑潜能为高山所阻隔,这里的“高山”包括偏见、自卑、懈怠等消极因素。
3.暗示法
1960年,哈佛大学的罗森塔尔博士曾在加州一所学校中做过一个著名的实验。新学年开始,他让校长?三位老师叫进办公室,对他们说:“根据过去三年的教学表现,你们是本校最好的老师。为了奖励你们,今年我们特别挑选了三班全校最聪明的学生给你们教。这批学生的智商比同龄人都要高,希望你们能有更好的成绩。”
老师们表现出掩饰不住的喜悦,临出门时校长又叮嘱他们:要像平常一样教他们,不要让孩子或者家长知道他们是被特意挑选出来的。
一年之后,这三班的学生成绩是整个学区中最优秀的,比平均分数高出两三成。这时候,校长才告诉老师们真相,这些学生并不是刻意选出来的,而只是随机抽选出来的普通学生,三位老师万万没?想到事情是会这样的,只有归功于自己教得好而已。而校长又告诉他们,其实他们也是随机抽选出来的。
是因为暗示发生了重要作用,这三位老师觉得自己很优秀,充满了自信与自豪,工作中自然就格外卖力,学生知道自己是个好学生,肯定会努力学好,结果就真的全部优秀起来了。
4.遐想法
爱因斯坦之所以伟大,是因为他除了具有常人没有的洞察力以外,还有杰出的理性思维,他能用数学方法使他的洞察力变成逻辑的符号公式,这就沟通了他的左右脑。
爱因斯坦既是一个思想家,也是一个科学家,同时还是一个脑袋里充满符号和公式的数学家,是个左半球发达的有逻辑思维的'人。但是,爱因斯坦的思想首先来自于图像和形象,并把它们翻译成词句和数学符号。当他创立相对论时,不是通过他的理性思维,他没有坐下来用纸和笔一步步算出这个理论,最后得到符合逻辑的结论。理论的诞生是在一个夏天的下午,爱因斯坦躺在长满青草的山坡上,透过微闭的眼睑,凝视着太阳,玩味着通过睫毛而来的光线,当时他想知道沿着光束行进会是什么样子,他就像进入了梦境一样,躺在那里,让他的思想随意遨游,幻想着他自己正沿着光束行进。突然他意识到(顿悟这正是刚才所探求的问题的答案,这个意识正是相对论的精髓。
5.砥砺法
种子的生命力是巨大的,即使上面盖着一个常人无法搬动的石头,种子也可以将它掀翻。而且石头的重量越大,种子的力量也就越大。因此,开发孩子的潜力,也可以采用砥砺法,即设置合适的困难,人可以通过不断克服困难激发大脑中的神经元之间的突触,产生征服困难的内在兴奋感。
6.计划法
我们经常从照片上看见以万里晴空为背景的冰山景观,相信每一个人都会发出由衷的赞叹:啊,多美啊!而我们所看到的,也许不过是浮出水面的一部分而已。到底是什么造就了冰山之美呢?是那部分隐藏在底下的冰山。堆积在底下的冰山,渐渐地就会将一部分瑰丽呈现在水面上,在这里“呈现”是不可预料也不好控制的,而“堆积”是完全可能通过计划实现的,而事实上,实现?“堆积”,“呈现”就是不速而至的。“堆积”要有计划,包括有目的、有计划、有准备、有措施、有安排、有步骤、有反复、有效率、有节制、有效果。
从隋朝开始,科举考试的制度诞生了。从此刻开始,最早的选拔人才的方式得到了大家的一致认可,老百姓也只有通过这种方式才能在朝为官。随着社会的发展,科举制度不断得到完善。再者,社会就发展成了“万般皆下品,惟有读书高”的局面。中国的'应试教育方式也是通过这样传播下了的。
虽然我们已经进入了现代化时代,中国也引领着时代的发展,但我们却改变不了从古至今的传统教育观念,反而愈演愈烈了。中国的应试教育被夸张化有一个典型的例子,我称它为“衡水地狱”。为什么我要这么称呼它呢?因为它不仅违反了国家相关的教育规定,超出了教育的限度,而且越来越严重了。
我记得电影《致青春》有这样一句经典语录:“只要学不死,就往死里学。”
这种题材的电影又进一步的深化了“万般皆下品,惟有读书高”在人们内心的程度。而外国又是什么样的教育方式呢?很显然,中国与外国的教育方式截然不同。中国在教育上强调的是做人,而外国是做事。所以外国的孩子们比中国孩子的独立能力强,而中国孩子学习的文化知识,文化素养要比外国孩子多的多。大家有可能会有这样的疑问——怎样改变这种教育偏激的现象?其实目前想要改变的话显然是不可能的。我来给大家总结一下原因。第一,贫富差距太大。就像那些有钱人的孩子,他们每天都生活在温暖中,如果没有合适的教育,他们大多会一直生活在安逸中,他们更不会明白独立的意义。
穷困人家的孩子则背负着巨大的责任,他们只能通过学习来“逆天改命”。这样,他们学习的目的是为了就业,所以他们对所要学习的科学文化知识摆着应付的态度。我们国家的教育是为了什么,实行科教兴国的战略又是为了什么?当然是为了选拔有用的人才,为中华民族的复兴做贡献。但只注重理论知识,不注重实践,所以应试教育被恶化了,人们也违背了中国教育的初心。第二,普遍的攀比心理。我们经常能够听到这样的对话——孩子的妈妈说:“怎么考试考了这么点分,你看看人家XXX”。
孩子的压力太大,只能硬着头皮去学习。
我认为这种教育方式不能大力支持也不能抵制。政府和相关教育部门应该加大课外辅导的调查力度,有效的抑制教育过激的现象。相关媒体也应该大力宣传提高学生综合能力的重要性。国家也应继续实行精准扶贫政策,解决贫富差距的现象。
How to prevent the H7N9?
As is well known,the A flu is spreading throught our country. However, if we negnect it, the deadly H7N9 may cause more infectors,or even more deaths. So what is the most important is that we should take some effective measures to prevent it.They can be listed as follows.
Firstly,it is necessary for you to realize the Avian flu can be prevented if you develop good living habits. For example,you shouldn’t forget to wash your hands before meals.Besides,don’t spit everywhere and try to cover your mouth or nose with paper or hankerchiefs when you have to cough or sneeze.What’s more, remember to wear the mouth-cover if you have to go to the public places, such as the crowded cinemas,supermarkets, buses,where the A flu may spread easily.
Secondly,of course, taking exercise more often and taking good sleep to build your body are wise choices for you to reduce the risk of being infected.
Last but not the least, if you are unlucky to be infected with the slight flu cold, try to stay at home,and take some medicine. Do pay attention to your daily body temperature. If you have a high fever, go to the hospital without delay for further treatment. Make sure you are not expected to come back to school before the cold or flu is cured.
Only by doing like this can you prevent or defeat the A flu in the end.
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
Every day he went out drawing from morning to evening when the sun went down, Every day he went out drawing from morning to evening when the sun went down. When it was time for him to leave, he wanted to pay the famer. But the famer said, no, I don’t want any money, but give me one of your pictures, what is money. In a week the money will all be spent, but the picture will still be here.
The artist was very pleased and thanked the famer for saying such kind things about his pictures.
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