自1981年对外汉语专业招收了第一批本科学生后,过去的近40年间,全国陆续开设了对外汉语专业。截止2016年,全国已有近400所院校开设了汉语国际教育专业(2013年起,原对外汉语专业更名为汉语国际教育专业)。随着中国政经体不断发展以及中国国力不断强盛,“汉语热”已经成为了新时代的一个潮流,学习汉语的人数在海内外激增,一定程度上使得学习汉语国际教育的学生人数不断攀升,而学位论文是学生四年系统学习后,对个人学术能力,研究能力的总结。可见,学位论文对于汉语学习的重要意义。
当新学期来临时,许多学生对新生活表现得很兴奋。在大学,新生快乐地享受着自由。在接下来的四年里,他们希望过着高中描绘的\'美好生活。但事实是,大学生活中有很多东西要学。
First, the major knowledge occupies the most important role. As a student, learning knowledge is their job, while many students focus on playing cellphone in the class, or just sleep. They lose interest in studying when they come to the free environment. Mastering the professional skill helps them to be competitive. The sad thing is that most of them can't realize it.
首先,专业知识占据着最重要的角色。作为一名学生,学习知识是他们的工作,而很多学生在课堂上玩手机,或者睡觉。当他们来到自由的环境后对学习失去了兴趣。掌握专业技能帮助他们提高竞争力,可悲的是,大多数人没有意识到这一点。
Second, as there is much free time, they can make use of it and gain the valuable experience. Students can join some clubs to develop more interest, or find part-time jobs. It is better than to stay in the dorm and play computer games all the time.
第二,由于空闲时间多,他们可以充分利用好这些时间,并从中获得宝贵的经验。学生可以参加一些活动来发展更多的兴趣爱好,或找份兼职工作。比呆在宿舍玩电脑游戏好多了。
A lot of students feel lost in the campus, because they don't plan campus life well. The things you learn will make you different in the future.
很多学生因为没有计划好校园生活在所以迷失了。所学到的东西会让你在未来有所作为。
Life has its ups and downs, and only true friends always stay around. Like anyone else, I have got many friends. They often help me when I’m in trouble. Especially, when I fail in an examination, they always care for me and encourage me to study harder. Last year, when I was hurt in a basketball game, my friends took me to the nearby hospital at once and look after me by turns. In my eyes, friends are the most precious wealth that one should treasure all his life.
[1]叶军.关于汉语国际教育学位论文工作的思考[C].国际汉语教育人才培养论丛[A].北京:北京大学出版社,2011.
[2]刘珣.有关对外汉语教学学科理论的两点思考[J].海外华语研究,2003,1).
[3]李晨阳.新形势下民办高校汉语国际教育本科学生就业前景的思考[J].湖北函授大学学报,2016,(12).
Long, long ago, there were two brothers, the one rich and the other poor. When Christmas Eve came, the poor one had not a bite in the house, either of meat or bread; so he went to his brother, and begged him, in God's name, to give him something for Christmas Day. It was by no means the first time that the brother had been forced to give something to him, and he was not better pleased at being asked now than he generally was.
"If you will do what I ask you, you shall have a whole ham," said he. The poor one immediately thanked him, and promised this.
"Well, here is the ham, and now you must go straight to Dead Man's Hall," said the rich brother, throwing the ham to him.
"Well, I will do what I have promised," said the other, and he took the ham and set off. He went on and on for the livelong day, and at nightfall he came to a place where there was a bright light.
"I have no doubt this is the place," thought the man with the ham.
An old man with a long white beard was standing in the outhouse, chopping Yule logs.
"Good-evening," said the man with the ham.
"Good-evening to you. Where are you going at this late hour?" said the man.
"I am going to Dead Man's Hall, if only I am on the right track," answered the poor man.
"Oh! yes, you are right enough, for it is here," said the old man. "When you get inside they will all want to buy your ham, for they don't get much meat to eat there; but you must not sell it unless you can get the hand-mill which stands behind the door for it. When you come out again I will teach you how to stop the hand-mill, which is useful for almost everything."
So the man with the ham thanked the other for his good advice, and rapped at the door.
Why students can't help wearing expensive things which are famous brands?
The reason why they prefer to wear expensive clothes is just for face. Some students thought the more expensive they wear, the more confident they are. Only wearing brand clothes can they become proud. Some students are afraid to looked down if they don't wear brands things. It is easy for students to compare what they wear.
As far as I am concerned, I don't agree that students pursue famous brand. Most students can't earn money by themselves. We can't waste the money to buy expensive things which are not useful. It is hard for parents to make money. Remember, the main task of the students is to study.
基于以上几点认识,笔者以J省H学院2016级汉语国际教育本科毕业论文为研究对象,调查了该级共82位学生的学位论文撰写情况,旨在考察该校学位论文的特点,同时对发现的问题提出一定的解决建议。
该专业2016级共两班,1班共计42位学生,2班共计40位学生。经考察,1班有15位学生的毕业论文与对外汉语教学有关,占总人数的35%,7位学生毕业论文与专业相距甚远,甚至完全无关,占18%,比如《韩剧在当代大学生中的接受情况的调查》、《白鲸研究综述》、《倾城之恋》对当代大学生爱情观的启迪、《广东省廉江市中小学古筝学习情况调查》。7位学生的论文属于文学作品欣赏类,与社会语言学相关的有5篇,其中细分包括以下三个小类:(1)网络语言,如《网络生造词的构成与影响》;2.广告语,如《商业广告中的双关语现象探析》;3.行业语,如《现代汉语中行业语转为普通词语现象探析》。涉及小学教育的1篇,题目为《小学教师书面评语现状分析》,关于普通话学习1篇,题为《赣方言区学生学习普通话的难点及对策》。
2班共42位学生,23位学生的毕业论文与对外汉语教学直接相关,占总人数的55%。但与1班相似,有8位学生的论文主题与专业相距甚远,占19%,例如《外国电视剧在当代大学生中接受情况的调查》、《对外汉语专业学生自主学习调查》、《唐传奇的叙事模式》、《微博在突发事件传播中的影响》。关于文学作品的论文2篇,与社会语言学相关的论文3篇,与语文教育相关论文共2篇,如《小学古诗文教学内容及教学方法的研究》、《吉林省高考作文命题指向下的语文素养培养研究》。基于分班调查得出的结论,笔者又将2016级毕业生整体做了一次调查,两个班共82位学生,38人毕业论文与对外汉语相关,占总人数的46%。但遗憾的是,有15位学生的毕业论文与对外汉语相距甚远,甚至与教学类、文学类都毫无关系,如《微博在突发事件传播中的影响》、《外国电视剧在当代大学生中接受情况的调查》、《韩剧在当代大学生中的接受情况的调查》,这些学生占总人数的18%。
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