To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour.
一沙一世界,
一花一天堂,
手中即无限,
永恒亦短暂。
要说在本学期内我最喜爱的一本书,那自然是《简·爱》喽。
自从学了《小草和大树》这篇课文后,我就对从逆境中成长的夏洛蒂·勃朗特写的《简·爱》着迷起来。
小说中的简·爱出生于一个穷牧师家庭,在她很小的时候,父母由于染上伤寒,在一个月内相继去世。年幼的简寄养在舅妈家里,受尽歧视和瘧待。后来,简被送进劳渥德孤儿院。孤儿院教规严厉、生活艰苦,她在那里接受了八年的教育。
从孤儿院出来后,简到桑菲尔德庄园做家庭教师,并与主人罗切斯特相爱了。他们在教堂举行婚礼,可是婚礼当天,她才知道罗切斯特多年前已经结婚。法律阻碍了他们的爱情,使两人陷入了深深的痛苦之中。
在一个凄风苦雨之夜,简离开了罗切斯特。后来桑菲尔德庄园在一场大火中烧成废墟,纵火的疯女人坠楼身亡,罗切斯特也受伤并残疾。简·爱受尽磨难,最后原谅了罗切斯特,并与他结了婚,过上了幸福的生活。
这本书里的情节时常让我潸然泪下,对简·爱报以深深的同情。夏洛蒂·勃朗特和简·爱一样,都是在受尽磨难后依靠坚强的意志昂首挺胸。可以看出她们的人生主张一爱与尊严,两者缺一不可。
人生的道路是坎坷的,只有你有强大的信念、刚强坚韧的内心和坚持不懈的努力,才能通向幸福的大门。这是这本书告诉我的道理。
一天晚上,爷爷奶奶和我们一家坐在饭桌前聊天。
爷爷说:“我有一个笑话,是这样的。有一辆公共汽车在路上开着,司机看见一位乘客带了三个矿泉水瓶,瓶子里装满了红彤彤的东西。过了一会儿,那个乘客下车了,可是,他并没有把三个矿泉水瓶带走。司机以为那个人是坏人,他留下的是炸弹,马上报警,说自己的车里有‘不明爆炸物’。警察一听,马上让公交车司机把车子开到野外,等他们过来。司机马上把车上的人员疏散了,把车子开到野外。不到几分钟,警察就赶到了现场,总共有一百多个呢!而且他们还派出了防爆机器人。机器人来到车子里面,拿起那一个矿泉水瓶,拧开盖子,倒出来,大家一看,并不是什么不明爆炸物,而是一些鱼生,警察哭笑不得,白白虚惊一场。他们就把剩下的鱼生带回去,分了吃。”爸爸妈妈听了哈哈大笑,就我听不懂温州话,莫名其妙。妈妈帮我翻译了一遍,我也开心地笑了。
奶奶看大家高兴,也说:“我也有一个故事要讲。有一个人,抱着一只小猫,想坐公交车,可是,车上的人都不让他上车,因为猫身上的病菌可能会传给人类。可他偏要上。正在他们争得不可开交的时候,后面来了一辆一样的公交车,人们纷纷下车转到了那辆车上。这个人发现自己已经引起公愤,抱着猫走了。这个故事告诉我们,做人不能太自私,自私的人不会有朋友。”
我们家的饭桌上,爷爷时常讲百科知识,生活故事,奶奶讲道听途说的趣事。爸爸妈妈常常提醒我,这些都是写作文的材料。我在饭桌上也学到了东西。
I attended Jack's birthday party tonight. After dinner, Jack gave cigarets to our boy students present.
At the important moment, I stop them and told them the bad effects of smoking: firstly Smoking is a waste of money and it's greatly harmful to our health. And it can lead to fires easily. So we should not smoke at all.
But it seemed helpless and they wouldn't listen to me. Somebody even said that body and health belonged to themselves and it's up to them to decide whether to smoke or not. I told him calmly, "Even if you have the right to harm your own body, but it doesn't mean that you have the same right to harm others'."
At last, they agreed with me, and some students said that they would never smoke any longer.
For the next one hour, we danced and sang happily, and nobody did smoke again.I felt very happy that my classmate all understood the harmness of smoking.
我今晚参加了杰克的生日派对。晚饭后,杰克给我们的男同学吸烟。
在重要的时刻,我阻止并告诉他们吸烟的不良影响:首先,吸烟很浪费钱,它对对我们的健康危害很大。它会很容易引起火灾。所以我们不应该吸烟,所以我们不能吸烟。
但很无奈似乎他们不听我的。甚至有人说身体是自己的,这是是否吸烟由他们自己说了算。我平静地说,“即使你有伤害自己身体的权利,但这并不意味着你要伤害别人的权利。”
最后,他们同意我的看法,一些学生说他们不会再抽烟了。
在接下来的一个小时里,我们跳舞,唱歌,没有人吸烟了。我感到非常高兴,我的同学都知道了吸烟的危害。
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
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