xx月xx日
今天读了:《____________》 作者:_________
新学的生字:_____ _____ _____ _____
喜欢的词语:
_______ _______ _______ ________
用喜欢的词语写几个句子:
1、__________________________________
2、__________________________________
3、__________________________________
4、__________________________________
喜欢的句子:
1、__________________________________
2、__________________________________
3、__________________________________
4、__________________________________
学到了:
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
家长点评:
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
《活着》写了七个人的生与死。凤霞难产而死;有庆在校长生孩子时,为她献血而死;二喜在工地上被两排水泥板夹死;家珍因自己的一双儿女死了,伤心过度而死;苦根吃豆子撑死了。只有福贵还活着。
其中有庆的死最悲催。一个年幼的孩子,为了给校长献血,在抽血时,脸色由梅红变苍白,由苍白变青紫,直到死也不说一句话。就这样,被活活地抽干了血。
有庆难道连死都不知道吗?还是他心中,校长的生比自己的死更重要?这个人让我百死不得其解。现在有庆这样的人物在我们身边已经非常少了。但像他这样能为别人着想的人还是挺多的。就说我们班的谭老师吧,她是我们的班主任兼数学老师,在我们眼中应该是很厉害的人,她就是“标准答案”。可有一次,谭老师在算3X+1=13时把X算成了5,我一看这道题,掐指一算结果X是4。我正要举手的时时候,我们班同学都异口同声地说:“x不是5而是4。”谭老师仔细算了一遍后,说:“哎呀,果然错了。幸亏你们提出来,以后有错都要及时提出来!”我们听了,不但没有嘲笑谭老师,反而更加敬重她了!我们也变得更加自信更加勇敢。我们不但要像有庆一样为别人而活,我们更要为自己活。
我明白了余华想借有庆告诉我们,活着有多难,死却如此简单,唯有为自己活,才能活出风采!
《活着》这本书是我有史以来第一次走心看完的一本书,对于我这种一看书就打瞌睡的人来说是多么可贵的宝物。
这本书是看着看着就走入了书中,走进了那个年代那个画面。不得不佩服余华先生的写作手法,用着最朴实的话语叙述完这么一个催人泪下的故事。
有时翻开书,想一下子看完,又不想这么囫囵吞枣的看完。刚看完的时候,我心想再也不要翻开它了,太伤感了,都看哭了自己。可是几天过后,又拿出来了,想着下次再回味一遍。所以,这本书是一本让人回味无穷的书。
书中以一个老人的角度叙述自己的一生,看似平淡却又波涛汹涌,在已经经历过风雨的福贵眼里那些都过去了,所以它平淡,而对于我们读者来说这其中的每一个故事都揪住人心,想要冲进故事里去做点什么。
整本书我的泪点在福贵儿子去世的时候,看到前面我真的不敢相信,因为那些文字叙述得太普通了,我一直加速往后看,看到福贵的痛苦后,才哗啦啦的眼泪直流,带着眼泪进入了梦境,合上了书。
再次翻开,就是我看完了整本书了,故事中一个接一个的去世,我没有再掉一滴眼泪,不是因为叙述得不好,而是我已经麻木了对于这个故事中的死亡。
我除了对于佩服这本书的作者以外,好像还没有太明白整个故事更深的意义,对于生死这件事,是福还是祸呢?故事里的人活着那么痛苦,可能死亡是解脱,而活着总给别人感觉是好的,活着就好,真的好吗?
看到福贵年迈的时候,又觉得活着确实好。
希望下次再翻开这本书的时候会有不一样的感受。
按要求改写句子知识点梳理
一、概述
按要求改写句子主要考查学生对句子结构的掌握以及用不同句型表达同一意思的能力。考查所涉及到的句子类型有一般疑问句、否定句、反意疑问句、选择疑问句、对划线部分提问、感叹句、保持原句意思、合并成一句、简单句和复合句之间的互换以及改为被动语态等。
二、解题时需注意的几个要点
1、时态:不同的时态相对应的助动词
一般现在时:谓语动词用原形(主语为第三人称单数时,动词加s或es,变否定句、疑问句时助动词为do或does)
一般过去时:谓语动词用过去式,变否定句、疑问句时助动词为did.
现在完成时:助动词have/has+动词的过去分词
过去完成时:助动词had+动词的过去分词
一般将来时:will/be going to +动词原形
过去将来时:would/was or were going to +动词原形
现在进行时:am/is/are+动词的现在分词
过去进行时:was/were+动词的现在分词
2、语态:主动语态变为被动语态的谓语结构
一般现在时:am/is/are+动词的过去分词
一般过去时:was/were+动词的过去分词
一般将来时:will be+动词的过去分词
情态动词:can/may/must/need等情态动词+be++动词的过去分词
3、改反意疑问句时注意hardly, never, seldom, few, little, no等词表达的是否定意义,变反意疑问句时用肯定形式。
4、在合并句子时,有些连词如not only…but also…, neither…nor…, either…or…是就近原则,连接两个主语时动词形式取决于与动词邻近的主语。而both…and…连接两个主语时,主语是复数。
5、简单句和复合句之间的互换常见的有:带有疑问词的宾语从句改为特殊疑问词+to+动词原形的不定式;结果状语从句so…that…改为enough to或too…to…的简单句。
6、保持原句意思改写句子时注意时态不变。
三、习题
练习一
1. We do our homework every evening. (改为否定句)
We _________ ________ our homework every evening. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ do they have a class meeting?
3. She could hardly understand this passage. (改为反意疑问句
She could hardly understand this passage, _________ __________?
4.The manager told him how to get useful information. (改为否定句
The manager _________ _________ him how to get useful information.
5. Tom’s sister can speak English and Japanese very well. (改为反意疑问句
Tom’s sister can speak English and Japanese very well, _________ _________?
对划线部分提问
_________ _________ he live twenty years ago?
7. Sam does some cleaning in the morning. (改为否定句
Sam _________ do _________ cleaning in the morning.
对划线部分提问
_________ _________ have the students worked on the survey?
9. Your father used to ride a bike. (改成反意问句)
Your father used to ride a bike, _______ ________? (对划线提问)
__________ ___________ the population of Germany?
11. Mr. Wang washes his car once a month. (改为一般疑问句)
Mr. Wang (对划线部分提问
will Susan come back from Athens?
13. My friends lost their way when they were traveling in Hong Kong. (改为一般疑问句
________ your friends ________ their way when they were traveling in Hong Kong?
14. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ has Yao Ming been in the Rocket Team?
15. She put the digital camera on the bed just now. (改为否定句
She _________ _________ the digital camera on the bed just now.
16. Mark's flown to Hainan Island for winter holidays. (改为反意疑问句
Mark's flown to Hainan Island for winter holidays, _________ _________?
(专辑. (划线部分提问
_________ did Super Girl Zhou Bichang _________ to Vienna?
18. I’ve already saved enough money to buy a new car. (改为否定句
I ________ saved enough money to buy a car ________.
19. Lily used to have long straight hair. (改为反意疑问句
Lily used to have long straight hair, ________ ________?
20. He has already been there .(改为一般疑问句
__________ he been there __________?
21.They decided that they wouldn't have the picnic because of the bad weather. (改为简单句
They decided __________ _________ have the picnic because of the bad
weather.
22. The English people hardly ever shake hands between the strangers .( 改为反意疑问句
The English people hardly ever shake hands between the strangers, __________ __________?
23. They grew some sunflowers in their garden last year.(改为否定句)
They __________ __________ any sunflowers in their garden last year.
24. Jane drinks milk every morning.(改为一般疑问句)
_________ Jane ___________ milk every morning? (就划线部分提问)
___________ map ___________ to Class 4?
26. You can choose only one of the two: a mini-TV or a DVD player. (改为选择疑问句
you want a mini-TV a DVD player?
27. That detective film is so amazing. (改为感叹句)
___________ ___________ amazing detective film!
28. He has some money left.(改成否定句)
He money left.
29. (划线部分提问)
do the members of the film society meet?
30. His mother knew why the little boy was unhappy all day. (改为一般疑问句
_______ his mother _______ why the boy was unhappy all day?
31. He looks very funny with that hat on. (改为感叹句
_______ _______ he looks with that hat on!. 对划线部分提问
_______ _______ they build this factory?
33. I have already finished the test paper.(改为否定句)
I ________ finished the test paper ________.
34. Johnson denied cheating in the competition.(改为反意疑问句)
Johnson denied cheating in the competition, ________ ________? (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ the story need to be funny?
36. Sam does some cleaning in the morning. (改为否定句
Sam _________ do _________ cleaning in the morning.
对划线部分提问 _________ _________ have the students worked on the survey?
38. (对划线部分提问) _________ _________ has he been a top fashion designer?
39. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ will they move into the new school?
40. to go to the People’s Square by underground. (对划线部分提问
________ _______ did it take you to go to the People’s Square by underground?
练习二:
1. Gold is less valuable than diamond. (保持句意不变
Gold is ________ ________ valuable as diamond.
2. He told the children to go and watch his tank of Ghost fish. (改为被动语态 The children ________ ________ to go and watch his tank of Ghost fish.
3. Unless I have a quiet room, I cannot do any work. (保持句意不变)
I cannot do any work ________ I _________ have a quiet room.
4. The manager arrived here a few minutes ago. (保持句意不变)
The manager has _________here ________ a few minutes.
5. They will send him to work in Japan for one year. (改为被动语态
He will ________ _________ to work in Japan for one year.
6. The words on the notice board are very small. I can’t see them clearly.(保持句子原意
The words on the notice board are small I can’t see them
clearly.
7. We can solve the problems with the help of the teacher. (改为被动语态 The problems can _________ _________ with the help of the teacher.
8. We can’t finish the work in such a short time. (保持原句意思
It’s _________ _________ us to finish the work in such a short time.
9. We must keep the noise under 50 dbs.(分贝(改成被动语态)
The noise must ________ _______ under 50 dbs here.
10. Mike doesn’t like classical music. Billy doesn’t either. (合并成一句) _________ Mike nor Billy __________ classical music.
11. The room is so dirty that we can’t live in it.(保持句意不变)
The room isn’t __________ _________ for us to live in.
12. No one knows when we will start tomorrow. (保持原句意思)
No one knows start tomorrow.
13. The Smiths will invite the professor to take part in the party. (改成被动语态 to take part in the party by the Smiths.
14. If you are not brave, you’ll lose your last chance.(保持原句意思)
you are ’ll lose your last chance.
15. They store much information in the computer. (改成被动语态
Much information ________ ________ in the computer.
16. Don’t throw rubbish here and there. Our teacher said to us. (合并为一句
Our teacher told us ________ ________ throw rubbish here and there.
17. If John doesn’t apologize for what he did, I will tell the teacher about his bad behavior.
(保持原句意思)
_______ John _______ for what he did, I will tell the teacher about his bad behavior.
18. I don't know where we can grow vegetables in the city. (改为简单句 I don't know _________ _________ grow vegetables in the city.
19. People used to enjoy themselves chatting on MSN when it worked well. (保持句意基本不变
People used to _________ a lot of _________ chatting on MSN when it worked well.
20. If you don’t improve your handwriting, you will lose marks in the exam. (合成同义句
You will lose marks in the exam ________ you ________ your handwriting.
21. To go fishing is fun. (句意不变 )
_____ is fun _____ ______ fishing.
22. Dick was so short that he couldn’t touch the top of the bookshelf.(保持句意基本不变)
Dick wasn’t __________ __________ to reach the top of the bookshelf.
23. “Can I borrow your bike for a while or not?”( 保持句意基本不变)
Tom asked his sister __________ he __________ borrow her bike or not for a while.
24. The couple couldn’t decide which flat they should choose at first. (保持原句意
思)
The couple couldn’t decide which flat at first.
25. Meaningless information is difficult for the little boy to remember. (保持原句意思)
is difficult for the little boy remember meaningless information.
26. People throw away millions of plastic bags in our city every day. (改成被动语态)
Millions of plastic bags away in our city.
27. She was so careless that she couldn’t find the mistakes in her test paper. (保持句意基本不变
She was _______ _______ to find the mistakes in her test paper.
28. We will hold the next Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008.(改为被动语态)
The next Olympic Games will _______ _______ in Beijing in 2008.
29. The elderly man pushed the birds into the river.(改为被动语态)
The birds ________ ________ into the river by the elderly man.
30. Dolphins are so clever that they can follow the instructions.(保持句意基本不变) Dolphins are ________ ________ to follow the instructions.
31. We can’t finish the work in such a short time. (保持原句意思
It’s _________ _________ us to finish the work in such a short time.
32. They invited the astronaut and his wife to the party on Christmas Eve.(改为被动语态
The astronaut and his wife _________ _________ to the party on Christmas Eve.
33. The little girl didn’t go to bed unless the grandmother told her a story. (保持句意基本不变
The little girl didn’t go to bed _________ the grandmother _________ tell her a story.
34. The plane is so big that it can carry 300 passengers at one time. (改为简单句)
The plane is big _________ _________ carry 300 passengers at one time.
35. Did they know the answer to the question? Ididn’t know… (合并为一句 I didn’t know ________ they had ________ the answer to the question.
Keys
练习一
1. don’t do 2. How often 3.could she 4.didn’t tell 5.can’t she
6.where did 7.doesn’t any 8.How long 9.didn’t he 10.What is
人,是为活着本身而活着,而不是为了活着以外的任何事物而活着——余华
《活着》是余华的代表作之一,这本书主要讲述了主人公福贵的一生,这是一本让人读起来沉重的小说。主人公名为福贵,实则无福无贵。
看完这本书,感觉一切语言在此刻都是苍白与无力的,这本书的阅读是让人恐惧甚至窒息的。
福贵对美好生活燃起过一次又一次的希望,却终被一次又一次的打破。说他幸运,他亲手埋葬了自己所有的亲人,只剩一头比他年纪还大的病牛陪伴着;说他不幸,他也曾经历过幸福,也曾经历过苦难,并且在经历过一切后仍乐观而坚强地活着。正如那句话所说,生活是属于每个人自己的感受,不属于任何别人的看法。没有比活着更美好的事,也没有比活着更艰难的事。
一部《活着》,让我们体会到时代的更替与社会的变迁。可以想见,在那个年代,像福贵这样悲惨遭遇的底层人民不计其数,福贵只是具有代表性的一个实例。
生长于和平年代,生活于城市中的我们很难去设身处地地体会福贵的感受,但有一点是不变的,就是要坚强地活着。往事随风逝去,只在心中留下一个清晰的印迹。时间终究还是会让一切变得苍白无力,“活着”在我们中国的语言里充满了力量,它的力量不是来自于喊叫,也不是来自于进攻,而是忍受,去忍受生命赋予我们的责任,去忍受现实给予我们的幸福和苦难、无聊和平庸。生活不可能总是一帆风顺的,多多少少会遇到困难,但我觉得,正是因为艰难,活着才有了深刻的含义。为活着本身而活着,而不是为活着之外的事物。所以,好好活着,好好生活。
“这本书表面上叫《活着》,可实际上大家最后都死了。”我一和朋友聊起《活着》这本书的时候,就会讲这句话。
《活着》这本书给我的阅读的体验实在是太讽刺,太戏剧又太过沉默,还掺杂着一些无法理解的苦痛,这让我久久不能释怀。我跟着福贵看他从一个爱好赌博的公子哥变成一贫如洗的穷光蛋,觉得实在是活该。可是看到后面,看着他身边的家珍、有庆、凤霞……一个个死去,看着他一次次受到生活残酷无情地打击,我却开始在盼了,盼着能它有一个转折,盼着福贵最后能有一个被安慰的结局。可越看后面越没有希望,越看后面甚至想:“接下来福贵也应该要死了吧。”然而出乎意料地,福贵就这么平静的接受了一切,作为家里最后一个人默默地活着。看到这个结局,我心里的那些郁结像是和他的歌声一起,在空旷的傍晚和风一样飘扬,感觉也没有那么沉重了。回过神来,是他的活着安慰了我。“活着,在我们中国的语言里充满了力量,它的力量不是来自于叫喊,也不是来自于进攻,而是忍受,去忍受生命赋予我们的责任,去忍受现实给予我们的幸福和苦难、无聊和平庸。”中国的思想一直是这样的,沉默,温婉,不动声色。
我们讨厌激进地争执,暴力地冲突,我觉得活着本身就是一件幸运的事情,其他都显得不是那么重要。活着本身,就值得让我们去活着。
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