In haimen there is a park. it’s a big and beautiful park. it has two gates. they are the north gate and the west gate. many people park their bikes in front of the gates.
There is a shop at the north gate. when you go into the park through the north gate, you will find a large square on your right and you will see lots of trees and flowers around you. in the west of the park, there is a playground.
Sometimes some children fly kites on it and some people sit on the grass and chat. in the middle of the park, there is a lake. there are many boats on it. there is a hill in the east of the park.
The park is very beautiful. i love it very much. will you come to visit it some day?
我想即便是现在,人们对于迁居海外的华人华侨依旧会投去羡慕的眼光,在国人的眼中,能出国是件大好事,而能留在异域生活更是洋气,最后若还能荣归故里那简直就是万人羡煞了。然而现实中,身居海外的华人们到底过着怎样的生活呢,在人们不知道的背后竟是让人匪夷所思的他乡之痛。《唐人街》让人们感受最真实的海外华人生存现状,听他们讲“流浪”的故事。
《唐人街》是由凤凰卫视纪实采编的一份关于全球华人生存状态的报告。作者们亲赴异国寻找他乡的同跟人,他们或与这些人闲谈沟通,或与这些人短暂的生活,以此来记录他们的现状。书中我们可以看到,现在生活在国外的华人们大都不是人们所想的那样过着富足舒适的日子,应该说他们中的大多说生活是比较辛酸的。无论是在纽约的街头,还是东京的新宿,亦或是地球另一边的悉尼,无论哪一个地方,总能见到华人的身影,然而更多的只是作为城市的“污点”出现的。这些人中更多的是因为身份地不合法而偷偷地留下来并靠着出卖自己的苦力来养活的人。尤其是在像美国这样的人人向往的国家里,来这里的人大都带着淘金梦,想要在异域他乡闯出自己的一片天地。然而事实上,最后能成功地并不是多数。甚至他们为此放弃了国内原先比较轻松安逸的“饭碗”,而成了美国街头众多的街头艺人中的一员。
和大多数人显得一样,起初我也以为那些能到美国这样的国家生活的中国人,他们是多么的了不起啊,尤其是在他们回国时被扣上的“华侨”等等身份的头衔的时候是多么的风光啊。然而当亲身游走在纽约的唐人街上后,我彻底改观了。生活在唐人街的华人们并没有向人们想象的在异国有多么的了不起,或许可以说,尽管他们生活在纽约,但更多人的生存范围只有小小的唐人街而已。这里大多数人都没有合法的身份,也许是因为一个偶然的机会来到美国便不愿离去,又或许是仅仅是名“偷渡客”,总之他们中很多人到现在都还不能自由的游走在美国,看见警察依旧会紧张。我猜想他们有时应该会羡慕那些漫步在纽约街头的观光客们吧,因为他们可以拿着一本合法的护照随意的走动。生存的自由并没有多影响这里的华人,生存却成了个问题。因为他们中可能连张回程的机票也买不起。美国能看见的华人很多,看不见的.更多。也许你随意走在十时代广场的街头,路边的某一个靠着画画谋生说不定就是以前在国内赫赫有名的教授画家。看到书中这样描述纽约的街头艺人时,我竟有些后悔,后悔当初在纽约路边的画师在招揽我画画的时候没能画上一幅,保不准还能用异国的钞票买到一位了不起的华人的真迹,哈哈。
一开始人们去往他国更多的都是带着掘金梦去的,然而我不知是由于何种缘由,毫无例外的这群掘金者在不同的国度里都遭受了不同程度的歧视。中国人在国外从没有像那些欧美白人一样身居社会的中上层,就算是在底层也还要苦苦哀求才能继续下去。更然人震惊的是,即便如此,人们依旧前赴后继的奔赴他乡。并且从最开始的为了某一日能够衣锦还乡,到了后来是不愿回来。我不知道他们是处于哪种原因,但我相信那些地方也许确实有能够让他们在那里生活下去的意义。只是我们的国人大可不必羡慕,因为不论哪一国的街头,生活都需要继续,没有人会停下来怜悯谁。
Green grasses,blue lakes and beautiful mountains are waiting for you!Welcome to colorful nature pare!
There is a clean river. There are some colorful flowers. There is a beautiful mountain near the nature park. The air is fresh. The sky is blue. The clouds are white. The tree is green. The bridge is tall. The grass is green. I can run on the grass. There is a path near the lake. There are many fish in the lake. There is a forest in the nature park. There are many trees on the mountains. There are many flowers near the path.
Look! There are some birds in the sky. One, two, three…… oh! So many!
This is a beautiful park. In the afternoon , many children are playing . They are very happy.
I can see some trees. They are big and tall. I can see some flowers . They are very beautiful . There are many butterflies on the flower . I can see some birds in the sky . They are flying happily. Under the tree , two girls are playing hopscotch. Some boys are playing with a skipping rope. The other two little girls are drawing a picture.
I m playing with the toy cars in front of the tree.
It s a beautiful afternoon.
Last Saturday,with all my classmates and teachers,I went on a trip to the nature park .We departed from school at about half past seven and spent about 40 minutes travelling to our destination.When we first entered into the park,all of us were shocked by the natural beauty and the hamonized ecosystem of the park.Then,happily we were playing games on the sand; swimming in the pool and taking with our friends on the grassplot.After lunch break,our programs were continued with an contest of story narating held and each of us was immerging within the funny stories We left the part at about 5 o'clock,and unitl now,most of us are still haunted by the beautiful memory of that trip.
Last autumn we took a trip to Qianshan by bus. It is about thirty miles from the city. We planned to put up in a hotel there in order to watch the sun rise the next morning.
As soon as we got there, we began to climb up the mountains. How great the sight is! We felt as if we had entered amother world full of beauty, peaeefulness and loveliness. There are hundreds of mountains, one after another. there are magnificent cliffs, one above another. We climbed up vigorously and breathed the fresh air greedily. As the sun was going down, we descended to a little hotel at the foot of the hill, where we had a big dinner, and then went to bed early so as to regain the energy ior the expedition next morning.
Before daybreak, we reached the peak of the highest mountain after a hard groping and climbing in the dark. Unaware of the cold wind, we stood motionlessly, with our eyes fixing at the hr end of the east. Suddenly thin ravs of red hue spread across the sky. As the redness deepened, some mysterious clouds moved across thc sky, dividing heaven from the earth. Just at this moment, up from the brightening far east rose the sun. It was so red and yet so tender that we could gaze at it with naked eyes. and a slight applause from us. the amazed spectators, rang through the peak. Up, up it rose, adding to itself strength and glory at every step. It dazzled with vigour, driving away darkness, cold, and misery from the earth, and bring light, warmth, and happiness to men.
We were completely amazed at the wonder and the greatness of nature. We jumped and shouted like innocent children and we bathed in the first rays of the sun with the peak till it was time for our return.
千山秋游
去年秋天我们乘公共汽车去千山游玩了一次。它距城市大约三十英里。为了第二天早晨看日出,我们计划住在那儿的旅馆里。
我们一到那里就开始爬山。那里的景色太美了!我们感到好像进入了另一个世界,一个充满美丽、和平和可爱的世界。那里有数百座山峰鳞次栉比:有壮观的悬崖层出不穷。我们精力充沛地向上攀登,贪婪地呼吸着新鲜空气。当太阳下落时,我们来到山下的一家小旅店,在那里美美地吃了一顿晚饭,然后早早地上床睡觉,以便恢复精力第二天早晨远征。
天亮前,我们经过在黑暗中艰难地摸索和爬行到达了最高的山峰。我们一动不动地站在那里,双眼凝视着远处的`东方,连寒风也没觉察到。突然间,薄薄的红光在天空中散开,随着红色加深,一些神奇的云朵在天空四散,把天地分开。正在这时,太阳从远处东方的光亮处升起。它是那样红,然而又那么娇嫩以致我们可以用肉眼来观察它。从我们吃惊的观赏者中发出的一阵轻微的欢呼划过山峰,太阳升得越来越高了,每升一步都给它本身增加了力量和光辉。它炫耀着威力,驱走了黑暗、寒冷和大地的苦难,并给人们带来光明、温暖和幸福。
这一奇观和大自然的伟大使我们完全惊愕了。我们像天真的孩子一样跳着、喊着,和山峰一起沐浴在太阳的晨曦中,流连忘返。
I tried my best to calm down for a long time. Then I went to the platform to begin my prepared speech.
I felt my brain was blank when I was having my speech.
Before the election, I was confident for this position, but I still so nervous when I was in the platform. Thanks for preparing in advance; otherwise, I must be embarrassed. But the result was what I want. It’s a happy thing.
今天,我们班竞选班长了。`我成为了新的'班长。我很高兴,不过我现在仍然很紧张。竞选开始的时候,我好紧张,我都可以听到我的心怦怦跳了。我努力了很长一段时间才平静下来。然后我才走向讲台开始我已经准备好的演讲。在演讲的时候,我觉得我的大脑一片空白。在竞选之前,我对这一职位是很有信心,但当我站在讲台上时还是很紧张。幸好提前准备了;否则,我肯定很难堪。不过结果却是我想要的。这是一件值得开心的事
一、介绍
听说吴景超先生,还是从中国社会学史中了解到的,不过虽然专业学习已经进入到了第三个年头,却一直没有拜读这位中国早期社会学家的著作。无事在图书馆闲逛,发现一本《唐人街——共生与同化》,抽出来仔细一看,作者竟然就是 吴景超。
后记中有载,这本书原是吴老1928年8月在芝加哥大学社会学人类学系用英语写作的博士论文。1985年,袁方教授赴美,通过白威廉教授协助取得复印本,经过北大社会学系委托潘乃穆、筑生、郁林进行翻译。1988年是吴景超先生逝世20周年,该书在1991年出版时,特将费孝通和雷洁琼在纪念吴景超学术思想讨论会上的讲话作为序1、序2。在序2中,有几句话比较有意思:社会主义只有实现的可能,并没有实现的必然性。在社会主义国家里,阶级消灭是不可能的,阶级是不可能消灭的。各取所需是一种乌托邦,永远不可能实现。这些话让雷洁琼印象十分深刻。当然,至于正确与否,那是另外一回事了。
书引用原载于《群言》1988年第11期全慰天的一篇文章作为附录,题目就是《为求民富国强贡献一生》。书中也多次提到吴的代表作《第四种国家的出路》。1937年由商务印书馆出版。我想在图书馆找到的可能性不大,不知道网上会不会有电子版的。
二、回到书的正文
一共十七章,从发现美洲到移民浪潮、从经济危机到种族冲突、从唐人街的生活组织到帮会及帮会矛盾、从家庭内部的文化冲突到后代的同化问题。共生与同化,将一个完整立体的异国华人社会展现在读者面前,记得以前看过一些有关于外国移民的纪录片,比如凤凰卫视的电视纪录片《唐人街》,还有湖南经视的《寻找他乡的日子》。现在的感受与当时当然有了很大的不同,毕竟纪录片要更多的是描述层面,而作为一本社科文献,理论的层面要更大一些,在大量描述后的分析阐述,更能引起一些关注与思考。在这里值得指出来的是,书中大量的引用了当地的历史文献,这也可以让我们从另外一个层面了解,当时面对移民浪潮的外国人,是怎样看待那时的中国人的。
哥伦布发现美洲是在1492年,而中国人最早到达美国的时间,有人说是1820年,还有人说是1788年,甚至是1746年。飘洋过海去美国,现在看来是一件很正常甚至是一件比较向往的事情,不过在那样的历史背景下,这样的行为是很不容易的,而这样的说法,也并不是没有根据的。中国人似乎有一种自我中心主义的倾向,究其原因的话,我想一方面与中国长期的农耕文化缺乏探索冒险精神不无关系,他们大多不会相信有那样的未知世界,而即使有,生活在那样的未知世界的,也只是红头发、绿眼睛的野蛮人,北戎、南蛮、东夷~~~这些也就成为中原民族对外族的蔑称。
这些歧视,让那些早期来到中国的外国商人和传教士们十分尴尬,当然也发了不少牢***。有些精明的外国人,便采取了很多措施来改变这种不利的局面。俗语说,要么改变他们,要么加入他们。这便是最好的一个概括了。一方面,他们极力向人们介绍西方的文化,并带来大量的精密科学仪器,企图向人们证明他们的正确性和科学性。向当时的最高统治者—— 皇帝,献宝便成了最佳的途径之一。这些精明的外国人已经知道,只要让百姓称之为天子的这个人接受了,皇宫里的大臣和天下的百姓反对的声音就会大大减少,而看惯了奇珍异宝的中国皇帝,看到这些在今天看来最普通不过的东西时,也竟然是爱不释手,潜心研究,也许这就是科学的魅力所在吧。而另一方面,这些外国人中,也有些潜心研究中国的文化,穿汉服、说汉话、在中国为官甚至死在这片异国的土地上,他们成为最早的汉学家和中国通, 他们的努力不懈也确实起到了一定的作用和成效。
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