1。thereof
以”there”为前缀加上介词构成的词,如thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith等,在文中具体指什么,需要读者依照合同的上下文来判断,因而理解起来比较复杂,请看下例:
This Agreement is written in the English language。 In case of any discrepancy between the English version and any translation thereof, the English text shall govern。 句中”the English version and any translation thereof”从上下文判断意为 “the English version and any translation of the English version”,即thereof一词代替of the English version。与以here开头的词如hereof的理解方法类似。
2。therein
该词意为in that, in that particular
context, in that respect,“在那里”,“在那点上”,“在那方面”,表示上文已提及的“合同中的”“工程中的”。如:the contract or any part thereof意为the contract or any part of the contract,合同或合同的任何部分。
3。thereto
该词意为:to that,“随附”,“附之”,如:“Contract Products” means the products specified in Appendix 2 to this Contract, together with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect thereto。 句中or developments with respect thereto 意为:or developments with respect to the developments。
4。thereunder
该词意为:under that, “在其下”,“依照”,如:The Borrower fails to pay any amount payable thereunder as and when such amount shall become payable。 句中any amount payable thereunder意为any amount payable under the contract。
亲爱的李华:
很高兴收到你的来信。一切都好吗?你上一封信中说你才刚跟你父母从夏威夷度假回来。我真的很开心你能有这个开心的一段旅途。从你跟我对夏威夷的\'描述来看,那真的是一个很美的地方。我希望有一天我也能到那里旅游。我最近有点点压力,因为我准备要考期末了。我对英语,语文还有数学很有信心,但是很担心化学。你知道的,我化学一直都不好。我很怕因为化学把这次期考给弄砸了。噢,别想我的烦恼了。圣诞节就要到了,你现在肯定是在忙着准备吧。提前祝你圣诞节快乐。
李
他们迈着坚定的步伐,怀着澎湃的激情展示着六年二班中队的特点:团结奋进,友谊热情,活泼健康,积极向上。灿烂的微笑洋溢着他们的热情;嘹亮的口号显示着他们的激情;饱满的神情体现着他们的实力。
六年二班中队的同学们严于律己,自从开学以来连续四周获得了校红旗班级,没有同学违反校规校纪,在同学和老师们的努力下,班级焕发出了夺目的奇光异彩,走在了六年组的先列。
在才艺方面,他们每个都有特长,在学校组织各种才艺比赛时,同学们犹如蛟龙出海,各显神通,有的画画,有的写书法……在我们班前不久举行的班级朗诵会上,同学们大显神通,让同学老师们耳目一新。有的同学钢琴已达到8级之多;有的同学写作获得过国家级荣誉,有的同学的书画已获得全国小学生龙人杯书画大赛奖……总之,六年二班中队是个多才多艺的班集体。
在卫生方面六年二班中队的同学们更是齐心协力,做值日绝对不留死角,时刻保持教室内的空气清鲜,定时拖地,捡纸屑。在同学们的`爱护和努力之下,让班级窗明几净,一尘不染。
这些方面还不足以说明六年二班中队同学的优秀,在体育方面他们也是各有千秋。 赛场上,男同学们犹如潇洒的雄鹰,雄姿尽展,使班级获得了一次又一次的荣誉。女同学们也不甘示弱,一个个英姿飒爽,犹如蛟龙出海,尽显女儿的英雄本色。就是这样,使六年二班健儿辈出,在校举办的各项体育活动中,同学们个个都如猛虎下山,胸有成竹,胜券在握。
六年二班中队的同学本着“更高、更快、更强”的体育精神,坚定“友谊第一,比赛第二”的信念,在体育场上写下光辉的一页。让六年二班中队的特点与体育的精神相融合,为六年二班中队争得一份荣誉,添一份光彩!
I have a great mother. She cares much about me in my life and study.
In the morning, she gets up early to make breakfast for me. When I was little, she prepared my schoolbag. But now, she tells me to do it by myself. Because she thinks I have been old enough to do it. Besides, she always checks my homework. When I finish my homework, she checks it and points out the mistakes. She is very careful and helps me a lot.
I love my mother.
I have been back, and write this letter to show my thanks. As the exchange student, you make me feel warm. Welcome to my country ,I’ll show you around in turn.
However , there exists a problem that I have left my dictionary at your home. I like it very much , for it was a precious gift from my teacher who comes from the U.S. I guess that my book may stay on your shelf in the bedroom .
Do you mind if you send my dictionary to me? I will pay for the postage and I’ll be very grateful if you show your warmness again.
I’m eager to receive your reply.
Yours,
Li hua
Dear everyone,
Hello,everyone.Recently our school is going to hold the First Joke Contest.Our students can benefit a lot from attending this.It provides us a opportunity to improve our English speaking and listening skills.At the same time we are able to learn more about British culture.
Meanwhile,each competitor must pay attention that you had better speak fluently without notes.Whats more,your performance should take no more than five minutes.
Aside from a slew of performances and competition, attendees will have an opportunity to win a prize from the lucky draw. You are welcome to join us and actively participate in this competition.
Yours,
Li Hua
Dear Jack,
I am sorry to hear in the phone call with your father that you were in hospital for you got the A H1N1 virus which made me feel so tense.
I dont know how you got it,however,dont be so scared for the A H1N1 virus is medicable duo to the high tech.You just need to be clam and partner the treatment with the dostors.
Besides,I want to give some advice about how to prevent the A H1N1 virus.Firstly,you mustnt go to the places full of people to reduce the probability of getting it.
Secondly,you should wash your hand before the meals and after you go home from outside.Only do this can you precent yourself from getting it again.
I am looking forward to hearing from you and wish you recover.
Yours,
Lihua
1。hereby
该词意为by means of , by reason of this, by this agreement,“特此”,“因此”,“兹”,“在此”。此词常用作法律、经贸文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语,在合同条款中需特别强调时也可用,表示当事人借此合约,要宣示某种具有法律效力的“意思表示”,如保证、同意、放弃权利等,一般放于主语后,紧邻主语。如:The Company hereby covenants and warrants that…… 意为:By this agreement the Company covenants and warrants that……即:公司在此保证……再如:Both parties hereby agree that……意为:By this agreement both parties agree that……即:双方当事人在此同意……
2。hereof
该词意为:of this agreement,“关于此点”;“在本文件中”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:to take effect on the date hereof 意为:to take effect on the date of this agreement 即:于本合约之日期生效。再如:the headings of the sections hereof 意为:the headings of the sections of this agreement 即:本合约各条款之标题。
3。hereto
该词意为:to this agreement,“至此”,“在此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的……本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的`名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:both parties hereto 意为both parties to this agreement,即本合约之当事人双方;items specified in Attachment I and hereto 意为:items specified in Attachment I to this agreement 即:本合约之附件I所列之各项。
4。herein
该词意为:in this agreement,“此中”,“于此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同(中)的……,本法(中)的……”等,一般置于所修饰词后,紧邻所修饰词。如:to file a suit in the court agreed to herein 意为:to file a suit in the court agreed to in this agreement 即:向当事人于本合约中同意管辖的法院提起诉讼;再如:to follow the terms and conditions herein 意为:to follow the terms and conditions in this agreement,即:遵守本合约所规定的条件。
5。hereinafter
该词意为:later in the same Contract,“以下”,“在下文”,一般与to be referred to as, referred to as, called 等词组连用,以避免重复。
6。hereunder
该词意为:under this agreement,“在本合约内”、“依据本合约”。如:obligations hereunder,意为obligations under this agreement,即“本合约内的义务”。再如:rights granted hereunder,意为rights granted under this agreement,即“依本合约所赋予的权利”。
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