按要求改写句子知识点梳理
一、概述
按要求改写句子主要考查学生对句子结构的掌握以及用不同句型表达同一意思的能力。考查所涉及到的句子类型有一般疑问句、否定句、反意疑问句、选择疑问句、对划线部分提问、感叹句、保持原句意思、合并成一句、简单句和复合句之间的互换以及改为被动语态等。
二、解题时需注意的几个要点
1、时态:不同的时态相对应的助动词
一般现在时:谓语动词用原形(主语为第三人称单数时,动词加s或es,变否定句、疑问句时助动词为do或does)
一般过去时:谓语动词用过去式,变否定句、疑问句时助动词为did.
现在完成时:助动词have/has+动词的过去分词
过去完成时:助动词had+动词的过去分词
一般将来时:will/be going to +动词原形
过去将来时:would/was or were going to +动词原形
现在进行时:am/is/are+动词的现在分词
过去进行时:was/were+动词的现在分词
2、语态:主动语态变为被动语态的谓语结构
一般现在时:am/is/are+动词的过去分词
一般过去时:was/were+动词的过去分词
一般将来时:will be+动词的过去分词
情态动词:can/may/must/need等情态动词+be++动词的过去分词
3、改反意疑问句时注意hardly, never, seldom, few, little, no等词表达的是否定意义,变反意疑问句时用肯定形式。
4、在合并句子时,有些连词如not only…but also…, neither…nor…, either…or…是就近原则,连接两个主语时动词形式取决于与动词邻近的主语。而both…and…连接两个主语时,主语是复数。
5、简单句和复合句之间的互换常见的有:带有疑问词的宾语从句改为特殊疑问词+to+动词原形的不定式;结果状语从句so…that…改为enough to或too…to…的简单句。
6、保持原句意思改写句子时注意时态不变。
三、习题
练习一
1. We do our homework every evening. (改为否定句)
We _________ ________ our homework every evening. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ do they have a class meeting?
3. She could hardly understand this passage. (改为反意疑问句
She could hardly understand this passage, _________ __________?
4.The manager told him how to get useful information. (改为否定句
The manager _________ _________ him how to get useful information.
5. Tom’s sister can speak English and Japanese very well. (改为反意疑问句
Tom’s sister can speak English and Japanese very well, _________ _________?
对划线部分提问
_________ _________ he live twenty years ago?
7. Sam does some cleaning in the morning. (改为否定句
Sam _________ do _________ cleaning in the morning.
对划线部分提问
_________ _________ have the students worked on the survey?
9. Your father used to ride a bike. (改成反意问句)
Your father used to ride a bike, _______ ________? (对划线提问)
__________ ___________ the population of Germany?
11. Mr. Wang washes his car once a month. (改为一般疑问句)
Mr. Wang (对划线部分提问
will Susan come back from Athens?
13. My friends lost their way when they were traveling in Hong Kong. (改为一般疑问句
________ your friends ________ their way when they were traveling in Hong Kong?
14. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ has Yao Ming been in the Rocket Team?
15. She put the digital camera on the bed just now. (改为否定句
She _________ _________ the digital camera on the bed just now.
16. Mark's flown to Hainan Island for winter holidays. (改为反意疑问句
Mark's flown to Hainan Island for winter holidays, _________ _________?
(专辑. (划线部分提问
_________ did Super Girl Zhou Bichang _________ to Vienna?
18. I’ve already saved enough money to buy a new car. (改为否定句
I ________ saved enough money to buy a car ________.
19. Lily used to have long straight hair. (改为反意疑问句
Lily used to have long straight hair, ________ ________?
20. He has already been there .(改为一般疑问句
__________ he been there __________?
21.They decided that they wouldn't have the picnic because of the bad weather. (改为简单句
They decided __________ _________ have the picnic because of the bad
weather.
22. The English people hardly ever shake hands between the strangers .( 改为反意疑问句
The English people hardly ever shake hands between the strangers, __________ __________?
23. They grew some sunflowers in their garden last year.(改为否定句)
They __________ __________ any sunflowers in their garden last year.
24. Jane drinks milk every morning.(改为一般疑问句)
_________ Jane ___________ milk every morning? (就划线部分提问)
___________ map ___________ to Class 4?
26. You can choose only one of the two: a mini-TV or a DVD player. (改为选择疑问句
you want a mini-TV a DVD player?
27. That detective film is so amazing. (改为感叹句)
___________ ___________ amazing detective film!
28. He has some money left.(改成否定句)
He money left.
29. (划线部分提问)
do the members of the film society meet?
30. His mother knew why the little boy was unhappy all day. (改为一般疑问句
_______ his mother _______ why the boy was unhappy all day?
31. He looks very funny with that hat on. (改为感叹句
_______ _______ he looks with that hat on!. 对划线部分提问
_______ _______ they build this factory?
33. I have already finished the test paper.(改为否定句)
I ________ finished the test paper ________.
34. Johnson denied cheating in the competition.(改为反意疑问句)
Johnson denied cheating in the competition, ________ ________? (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ the story need to be funny?
36. Sam does some cleaning in the morning. (改为否定句
Sam _________ do _________ cleaning in the morning.
对划线部分提问 _________ _________ have the students worked on the survey?
38. (对划线部分提问) _________ _________ has he been a top fashion designer?
39. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ will they move into the new school?
40. to go to the People’s Square by underground. (对划线部分提问
________ _______ did it take you to go to the People’s Square by underground?
练习二:
1. Gold is less valuable than diamond. (保持句意不变
Gold is ________ ________ valuable as diamond.
2. He told the children to go and watch his tank of Ghost fish. (改为被动语态 The children ________ ________ to go and watch his tank of Ghost fish.
3. Unless I have a quiet room, I cannot do any work. (保持句意不变)
I cannot do any work ________ I _________ have a quiet room.
4. The manager arrived here a few minutes ago. (保持句意不变)
The manager has _________here ________ a few minutes.
5. They will send him to work in Japan for one year. (改为被动语态
He will ________ _________ to work in Japan for one year.
6. The words on the notice board are very small. I can’t see them clearly.(保持句子原意
The words on the notice board are small I can’t see them
clearly.
7. We can solve the problems with the help of the teacher. (改为被动语态 The problems can _________ _________ with the help of the teacher.
8. We can’t finish the work in such a short time. (保持原句意思
It’s _________ _________ us to finish the work in such a short time.
9. We must keep the noise under 50 dbs.(分贝(改成被动语态)
The noise must ________ _______ under 50 dbs here.
10. Mike doesn’t like classical music. Billy doesn’t either. (合并成一句) _________ Mike nor Billy __________ classical music.
11. The room is so dirty that we can’t live in it.(保持句意不变)
The room isn’t __________ _________ for us to live in.
12. No one knows when we will start tomorrow. (保持原句意思)
No one knows start tomorrow.
13. The Smiths will invite the professor to take part in the party. (改成被动语态 to take part in the party by the Smiths.
14. If you are not brave, you’ll lose your last chance.(保持原句意思)
you are ’ll lose your last chance.
15. They store much information in the computer. (改成被动语态
Much information ________ ________ in the computer.
16. Don’t throw rubbish here and there. Our teacher said to us. (合并为一句
Our teacher told us ________ ________ throw rubbish here and there.
17. If John doesn’t apologize for what he did, I will tell the teacher about his bad behavior.
(保持原句意思)
_______ John _______ for what he did, I will tell the teacher about his bad behavior.
18. I don't know where we can grow vegetables in the city. (改为简单句 I don't know _________ _________ grow vegetables in the city.
19. People used to enjoy themselves chatting on MSN when it worked well. (保持句意基本不变
People used to _________ a lot of _________ chatting on MSN when it worked well.
20. If you don’t improve your handwriting, you will lose marks in the exam. (合成同义句
You will lose marks in the exam ________ you ________ your handwriting.
21. To go fishing is fun. (句意不变 )
_____ is fun _____ ______ fishing.
22. Dick was so short that he couldn’t touch the top of the bookshelf.(保持句意基本不变)
Dick wasn’t __________ __________ to reach the top of the bookshelf.
23. “Can I borrow your bike for a while or not?”( 保持句意基本不变)
Tom asked his sister __________ he __________ borrow her bike or not for a while.
24. The couple couldn’t decide which flat they should choose at first. (保持原句意
思)
The couple couldn’t decide which flat at first.
25. Meaningless information is difficult for the little boy to remember. (保持原句意思)
is difficult for the little boy remember meaningless information.
26. People throw away millions of plastic bags in our city every day. (改成被动语态)
Millions of plastic bags away in our city.
27. She was so careless that she couldn’t find the mistakes in her test paper. (保持句意基本不变
She was _______ _______ to find the mistakes in her test paper.
28. We will hold the next Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008.(改为被动语态)
The next Olympic Games will _______ _______ in Beijing in 2008.
29. The elderly man pushed the birds into the river.(改为被动语态)
The birds ________ ________ into the river by the elderly man.
30. Dolphins are so clever that they can follow the instructions.(保持句意基本不变) Dolphins are ________ ________ to follow the instructions.
31. We can’t finish the work in such a short time. (保持原句意思
It’s _________ _________ us to finish the work in such a short time.
32. They invited the astronaut and his wife to the party on Christmas Eve.(改为被动语态
The astronaut and his wife _________ _________ to the party on Christmas Eve.
33. The little girl didn’t go to bed unless the grandmother told her a story. (保持句意基本不变
The little girl didn’t go to bed _________ the grandmother _________ tell her a story.
34. The plane is so big that it can carry 300 passengers at one time. (改为简单句)
The plane is big _________ _________ carry 300 passengers at one time.
35. Did they know the answer to the question? Ididn’t know… (合并为一句 I didn’t know ________ they had ________ the answer to the question.
Keys
练习一
1. don’t do 2. How often 3.could she 4.didn’t tell 5.can’t she
6.where did 7.doesn’t any 8.How long 9.didn’t he 10.What is
1、含羞草像一个害羞的姑娘,只要在它的叶片上轻轻一碰,它就合拢起来,枝条也跟着低垂下来,好像不敢见人似的。
2、瞧,果园里的水果在向我们招手呢!苹果羞红了脸,石榴在树上摇摇欲坠,桔子像一个个金色的小灯笼,葡萄一串串紫里透红。
3、雪花象一只只从远方飞来的白蝴蝶,她们在空中翩翩起舞,嬉笑着,逗闹着,看着这些蝴蝶,我觉得雪是冬天最美丽的女儿。
4、棉花杆儿长得很粗壮,棉桃大得像小馒头。待到棉桃“开嘴”的时候,雪团似的棉花像白雪铺地,把这里装饰成银色的世界。
5、一道闪电像一支离弦之箭直射天空,在夜空里勾画出一道美丽的折线。转瞬间,天昏地暗,大地又重新回到了黑暗之魔的手中。
6、月亮象小船,弯弯的两头尖;月亮象盘子,圆圆的好清洁;月亮象孩子,时而和我捉迷藏;月亮象天使,守护着你和我!
7、突然,闪电现身了,放射出更加强烈的光芒,如一利斧,劈开了云雾!那一瞬间,只有它的光芒覆盖了风雨,映红了大地。
8、夏天的雨,干脆,强劲;夏天的的雨,利落,爽快;夏天的的雨,生动,豪爽;夏天的雨,毫不拖泥带水;夏天的雨,像个男人!
9、冬天的天气千变万化,刚刚天气晴朗,转眼间阴了,雪花纷纷飘了下来,像一个魔法师一样瞬间把我们的学校变成了银色的城堡。
10、月亮像个害羞的姑娘,羞答答地从后山露出半个脸,偷偷地向人间窥视,直到发现没有什么动静,才一闪身,出现在天空中。
11、家乡的大蒜可大了,扁圆形的身子长得胖乎乎的,似乎快要把身上的“衣服”给顶破似的,给人一种精神饱满,积极向上的感觉。
12、秋天来到了,山楂树上挂满了玛瑙似的红果,整林的山楂像一个个红色的小灯笼,悬挂在枝头、枝间,叫人看了直流口水。
13、一棵棵松树,褐色的树干,足有碗口粗,笔直笔直的,满树的松叶绿得可爱,活像一把张开的绿绒大伞,风一吹,轻轻摇曳。
14、走进果园,扑鼻而来一阵浓浓的果香。火红的苹果像一个个的小红灯笼簇拥在树上,小鸟在旁边欢快的唱歌,好似优美的奏鸣曲。
15、啊!真是一只小喜鹊。黑褐色的羽毛泛着蓝色的光泽,腹部的绒毛像雪那样白,长长的尾巴上卜翘动着,嘴里还在唱着。
16、那满天的星斗,像黑夜里眨动的眼睛,像一颗光闪闪。亮晶晶的夜明珠。而天空则像无边的海洋,上面闪动着点点银光。
17、我在远处看那些火红的枫叶像一团团火在燃烧,那些从树上飘落下来的叶子,像一只只红色的蝴蝶在空中自由的飞舞。
18、头上的毛像橄榄色的头巾,绣满了翠绿色的花纹。背上的羽毛像浅绿色的外衣。腹部的羽毛,像赤褐色的衬衫。
19、神仙掌是黄沙中的碧玉,是枯海中的岛屿,是荒原上的好汉;它们给火热如焚的戈壁,带来了活力,带来了昌盛,也带来了奥秘的希看的颜色。
20、“唧唧啾啾”那是画眉鸟婉转悦耳的叫声,听起来多像歌唱家在唱一首优美动听的歌曲,又像演奏家在吹悠扬悦耳的笛子。
21、长颈鹿清早起来在森林里昂首阔步,慢吞吞地移动着长腿,扭动着长长的脖子,那副悠然自得的样子,很像个在游逛吟诗的老夫子。
22、雪越下越大,有的像天女撒下的花瓣;有的像顽皮的小孩在翻跟斗;有的抱在一起,像玉雕的圆球;还有的像树叶一样优雅、端庄地飘落下来。
23、春天,隐藏在那柳树枝上。那些嫩绿嫩绿的叶芽,像一位少女,亭亭玉立,那么清新雅致。而那柳条像少女的裙带,随风飘舞。
24、那万里无云的天空本是浅蓝浅蓝的,像明净的海水,现在蓝色渐渐地加重,越来越蓝,越来越浓,像是海水在一层层地加深。
25、月亮像一个含羞的少女,一会儿躲进云间,一会儿又撩开面纱,露出娇容,整个世界都被月色浸成了梦幻般的银灰色。
26、粉红色的梅花如情窦初开的少女的面颊,带着十二分的羞涩,如描似画,柔情似水。置身其中赏心悦目,遐思无限,流连忘返。
27、秋姑娘的手是一把扇子,扇啊扇啊,扇得稻谷弯了腰,萝卜涨红了脸颊,骄傲的油菜花在田野里,抬起头来,用力向外张望呢!
28、春天来了,泉水汩汩地冒着泡泡,小草也偷偷地从土里钻出来,嫩嫩的,山坡上绿油油地,洁白的小羊羔像一团团棉花,在草原上撒欢。
29、只见一只花孔雀把尾巴抖得哗哗响,那漂亮的尾巴就像仙女手中的彩扇,慢慢散开,又像透亮的珍珠撒在它身上,非常美丽。
这本书花了我300元。
I spent 300 yuan on the book.
I paid 300 yuan for the book.
The price of the book is 300 yuan.
It cost me 300 yuan to buy the book.
我不懂什么英语,李明也不懂。
I don’t know any English, nor does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, nor does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, neither does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, no more does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, so it is with Li Ming.
I know no more English than Li Ming does.
I know as little English as Li Ming does.
一到家,我就把所见到的一切都记了下来。
On/Upon arriving home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
As soon as I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
The moment I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
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