Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
September 16
Dear Zhang Hong,
How is everything with you I hope things are going well.
There is not much news here.I just go to work every morning and come back to my apartment every night.Shanghai is crowded with people,but I don't really know any of them.I don't like the city,but my job is quite interesting,and the pay is quite good.
What are your plans for National Day If you don't have anything special,I hope you can visit Shanghai.Come and share my apartment.It is quite large and it is near the theatres,museums and stores.
Write soon,and say you can spend the holiday here.
Sincerely yours
Li Hua
彼岸花,是一种很凄美的花,彼岸花开时,枝丫不见一片叶儿,这便是彼岸花的悲哀。
可是,再怎么悲哀也是一种现实,我们不得不接受,我们只能在现实中轻轻地感叹,轻轻地惋惜,我们是追求完美的,可是在那花开一千年,花落一千年,花叶永不见的场景里却制造不出完美来。
彼岸花永远都不会完美的,因为它永远都得不到绿叶的陪衬,永远无法花花绿绿地展现在世界上,所以它注定一生要活在漫长的.孤寂中。
可是,彼岸花却一生完美,当它抬头望着太阳照射出七彩阳光,它悄然微笑,它开出了最美的花朵,没有绿叶,它依然开花,没有绿叶,它依然存活在世界里,它也为大自然添上一抹光彩,它也向往热情的太阳,它也倾慕温柔的春风,它也喜欢恬静的小雨,所以它一定要开出最美的花以回报这个世界,回报这个世界给予它生命。
再怎么渺小,再怎么残缺,它也是一种生命,彼岸花呀彼岸花你凄美了一生,完美了一生,你以你的精神塑造了不一样的自己。
我们也要学习接受彼岸花的美,不可以一味地追求完美,世界上本就有许多不完美,又何必惋惜呢!如彼岸花一般,在不完美的生命里活出完美的一生,这才有滋味呢!没有完美的生命算什么?
彼岸花,你什么时候开?
September 25
Dear Li Hua,
Thank you for your letter dated September 16.It wasn't until yesterday that I got it,as I had been out on business for a week.
In your letter,you told me that you preferred your job to the city of Shanghai.In my opinion,Shanghai is an exciting and a beautiful place.Try to enjoy yourself in your spare time besides your devotion to work.
I'm sorry to say that I won't go to Shanghai because our school will hold an open-air party.I have to stay for the performances on the holiday.By the way,would you please come and join us in the party Hangzhou is so beautiful in autumn that I'm sure you will like it.
Yours
Zhang Hong
从小到大,我连自己的零花钱都没有,每当看见同学们一个个走进商店买好吃的东西时,我心里痒得受不了,可一摸口袋连一分钱都没有。我实在忍不住就去找爸爸妈妈申请要零花钱,每次都是“无攻而返”,最终,妈妈忍受不了我的“软磨硬泡”,便答应了。我高兴地一蹦三尺高,差点把天花板给撞坏了。
可没过两个星期,我就发现:我还是跟以前一样,一贫如洗,还是个难民。我决定再次抗议,可能父母觉得我长大了,便把我的零花钱交到我的手里,并一再叮嘱不能乱花,而且,一个月只给10元钱,绝不多给。
拿到钱后,我的心里乐得开了花,这以后,我只要看到零食或是玩具,就大手一挥把它给买了下来,不出3天,我又变得和以前一样了。
我后悔的不得了,就下定决心,以后一定要好好克制自己,把钱攒起来。从那以后,每当零花钱发下来时,我都把它们放在一个小袋子里,可有些时候看到别人买东西时,手就暗暗发痒,每当这时,我就告诫自己,不能买,然后装做没看见一样,快步走。
四川发生地震后,我们学校开始捐款,那天放学后,我呆呆地望着袋子里的钱,到底是捐还是不捐,捐了的话,这几个月我辛辛苦苦攒下来的钱都化为空气;不捐,心里又感到不安,思考再三后,最终,我选择了前者。
当我将钱放进暮捐箱时,心里感觉一阵轻松。我觉得,钱虽然重要,但不能与爱衡量。
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