软件变更管理主要涉及到软件更改的申请、软件更改的批准、软件更改、软件问题归零、软件更改验证及评审等环节。针对软件变更管理中的薄弱环节,以下内容将说明软件配置变更管理中很容易忽视的几个问题,并给出提高软件质量的建议。
(1)软件变更缺少相应级别的评审
实施软件变更的人员在进行完软件的变更之后,由于缺乏对软件更改部分的验证工作,容易导致软件实际更改内容与预期更改内容不一致,甚至由于软件更改描述内容过于简单,导致软件测试人员认为软件只是更改了参数文件等相关内容,而实际上却更改了其他文件,从而造成了软件中可能隐藏的缺陷没有能够暴露。因此,软件变更之要后要进行相应级别的评审,而不能走形式主义。
(2)软件变更管理需要模块化思想
从事软件测试的人员一定会发现,上一版本软件测试提交的问题报告单,在下一版本软件中仍然没有归零,于是软件测试人员纷纷抱怨软件的质量跟踪不到位、软件质量人员没有尽到应有的.责任。可各种软件规章制度实在太多,也不可能把质量人员的质量职责细化得太精确。因此,软件变更管理需要进行模块化管理,将软件变更管理内容按照一定类型分解为不同的模块,让软件变更流程上相关人员按照模块化的思想进行软件变更流程处理,以更好的保证软件质量,从而很好的控制了一些客观因素对软件变更过程质量的影响。
(3)软件变更管理应具有可追溯性
在国有企事业单位软件研制的过程中,软件往往需要变更多次之后才能形成最终交付用户的产品,可软件研制除了注重结果之外,也应该注意过程。因为中间过渡版本软件是企业的积累,它可以让软件研制人员总结研制过程中的经验、让新进人员吸取研制过程中的精华知识。因此,对软件的变更管理要有可追溯性。
针对软件变更管理中存在的问题,可以采用IBMRationalClearQuest软件变更管理工具进行高效的变更管理。该工具能够定制软件变更管理过程中的入库流程、出库流程、更改流程、缺陷管理流程等电子审批流程,还能够对软件变更历史记录进行查询,从技术手段上解决了软件变更缺少评审、验证等环节,以及软件变更过程可追溯性差等问题,让软件变更管理过程实现了模块化思想,从而提高了软件变更管理的效率及质量。
软件配置管理的目的在于建立和维护软件项目生命周期内软件产品的完整性。配置管理工作如果做不好,很容易产生软件质量问题。
从软件工程发展趋势来看,要更好的提高软件配置管理的质量,在理论上,可以让企业的软件配置管理流程融合GJB5000A软件能力成熟度模型与GJB9001B质量管理体系;在实践上,可以使用IBMRationalClearCase、CCC/HARVEST等版本管理工具,IBMRationalClearQuest等变更管理工具来提高软件配置管理水平。
To: Andy ~ From: Tricia
Dear Andy,
Now, I know we have not gotten to really know each other all that long and there is a little bit of an age difference between us, but I do really like you. You are a very special guy. There is so much about you I see that I know most girls don't see. They are all looking at you for your body. But Honey, I am telling you, that is not what I am doing. There is so much more to you than that. I have liked you for a very long time now but just never had the guts to say it to you. Well, that has all changed now. I am going all out and I am going to say it all. I really care a lot about you, and I would like to be a lot more then just friends. You mean so much to me. I mean, just seeing your cute little smile when I am having a bad day just makes the day seem not too dim. Or just to have you give me a hug makes me all warm and tingly inside. Just to see your smiling face brightens my darkest day. So, Hon, what do you say, would you like to give it a go?
Love Always,
Whinny
To:安迪:特里西娅
亲爱的安迪,
现在,我知道我们还没有真正了解对方,长期的,有我们的年龄相差一点点,但我真的很喜欢你。你是一个很特别的家伙。有这么多的了解你,我知道,我知道大多数女孩没有看到。他们都在看着你,你的身体。但是,亲爱的,我告诉你,那不是我在做什么。有这么多,你比。我也很喜欢你很长一段时间,但现在只是从来没有胆量说给你。好了,现在一切都改变了。我全力以赴,我会说这一切。我真的很在乎了很多关于你,我想了很多只是朋友。你的意思是我这么多。我的意思是,只看到你可爱的笑容时,我有一个糟糕的一天,只是让这一天似乎不是太暗。或者只是你给我一个拥抱,让我所有的热情和刺痛感里面。刚看到你的笑脸,照亮了我最黑暗的一天。因此,汉,你说什么,你想给它一个去?
永远爱你,
萧萧
英语作文(2观点论述类
People from differentbackgrounds would put different interpretations on the samecase.
不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。
The controversial issue is often brought into public focus.People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towardsthe issue.
这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。When asked ..., some people think..... while some prefer...
说到______,有人认为________,而另一些人则认为__________。
Just as the saying goes: "so many people, so many minds". It isquite understandable that views on this issue vary from person toperson.
俗话说,""。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。
To this issue, different people come up with variousattitudes.
对于这个问题,不同的人持不同的观点。
There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goeswithout saying that...
万事万物都有其两面性,所以,勿庸置疑,____________。
When it comes to ..., most people believe that ..., but otherpeople regard ...as ....
提到_________问题,很多人认为_________,不过,一些人则认为______是____.When faced with...., quite a few people claim that ...., butother people think as...
提到_________问题,仅少数人认为________,但另一些人则认为_________。
There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of ....There who criticize ...argue that ...., they believe that ...,butpeople who favor .., on the other hand, argue that...
目前,_______问题争议较大。批判_______的人认为_______,他们认为_______,不过,另一方面,赞同_______的人则认为_________。
Some people are of the opinion that..
有些人认为_____________。
Many people claim that...
很多人认为_____________。
A majority of 绝大多数
A large number of 很多人
Some people contend that ... has proved to bring many advantages(disadvantages
有些人认为________有很多有利之处(不利之处。
Those who argue for ... say that ...economic development of thecities.
觉得_____的人认为,______ 城市的经济发展。
Some people advocate that ....
有些人在坚持认为_________。
They hold that ... 他们认为_________。
People, who advocate that ..., have their sound reasons(grounds
坚持认为______的人也有其说法(依据。
Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing highpraise of it.
那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。
Those who strongly approve of ... have cogent reasons for it.
强烈认同_______的人有很多原因。
Many people would claim that...
有人会认为___________。
People who support ... give some or all of the followingreasons.
那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因:________。
But others hold the view that ...但是,另外一些人则认为_______。
观点的用词:Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组:Take, have, come up with,setforth, put forward等。
But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people whostrongly advocate that..,.不过,另一方面,也有少部分人坚持认为_______________。
But people who are ..., on the other hand , maintain that...
不过,另一方面,________的人认为__________。
However, there are a large number of people who hold a differentview concerning this case.然而,很多人对此有不同的看法。
问题用词:Issue, phenomenon,后接介词, on, over等。
However, some others argue that... 然而,另一些人则认为_________。
However, there are also some others who contend that...
然而,也有人认为__________。
But other people set forth completely totally different argumentconcerning this case.不过,对于此,另一些人则持完全不同的观点。
Some people examine this issue from another angle.
有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。
On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly...
另一方面,也有很多反对的人,他们认为_____________。
According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer ...rather than...
根据我的.个性以及兴趣,我选择_______而不会选择__________。
Personally, I side with the latter (former opinion...
就我个人而言,我支持后者(前者___________。
Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.
就我个人而言,我较同意前一种看法。
To my point of view 我认为
To my mind, the advantages far overweigh thedrawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings我认为,优点胜过缺点。
For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that..
就我而言,我较赞同后一种观点________________。
As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of thelatter view.
在我看来,我较同意后一种观点。
After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of thelatter view that...
经过深思熟虑,我较支持后一种看法,亦即________________________。
If asked to make a decision, I would prefer...
如果真的需要作出选择,我宁愿____________。
展现问题篇
问题的常用词:question, problem, issue
Recently, the issue of ...... has been brought into publicfocus.
近来,_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。
Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities andinnovations, and great changes
have taken place in people’sattitude towards some traditional practice.
现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代,很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。
Recently the issue of whether or not ... has been in thelimelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.
近来,是否_______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。
The issue whether it is good or not to .... has aroused a heateddiscussion all over the country.______的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。
At present, some people think ....while others claim ...Bothsides have their merits.
目前,一些人认为_______而另一些人则认为_______。其实,两种观点都其可取之处。People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversialissue.
对于这种极具争议的话题,我们很难作出绝对的回答。
People from different backgrounds would put differentinterpretations on the same case.不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。
The controversial issue is often brought into public focus.People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towardsthe issue.
这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。When asked ..., some people think..... while some prefer...
说到______,有人认为________,而另一些人则认为__________。
Just as the saying goes: "so many people, so many minds". It isquite understandable that views on this issue vary from person toperson.
俗话说,""。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。
To this issue, different people come up with variousattitudes.
对于这个问题,不同的人持不同的观点。
There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goeswithout saying that...
万事万物都有其两面性,所以,勿庸置疑,____________。
When it comes to ..., most people believe that ..., but otherpeople regard ...as ....
提到_________问题,很多人认为_________,不过,一些人则认为______是____.When faced with...., quite a few people claim that ...., butother people think as...
提到_________问题,仅少数人认为________,但另一些人则认为_________。
There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of ....There who criticize ...argue that ...., they believe that ...,butpeople who favor .., on the other hand, argue that...
目前,_______问题争议较大。批判_______的人认为_______,他们认为_______,不过,另一方面,赞同_______的人则认为_________。
Some people are of the opinion that..
有些人认为_____________。
Many people claim that...
很多人认为_____________。
A majority of 绝大多数
A large number of 很多人
Some people contend that ... has proved to bring many advantages(disadvantages
有些人认为________有很多有利之处(不利之处。
Those who argue for ... say that ...economic development of thecities.
觉得_____的人认为,______ 城市的经济发展。
Some people advocate that ....
有些人在坚持认为_________。
They hold that ... 他们认为_________。
People, who advocate that ..., have their sound reasons(grounds
坚持认为______的人也有其说法(依据。
Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing highpraise of it.
那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。
Those who strongly approve of ... have cogent reasons for it.
强烈认同_______的人有很多原因。
Many people would claim that...
有人会认为___________。
People who support ... give some or all of the followingreasons.
那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因:________。
But others hold the view that ...但是,另外一些人则认为_______。
观点的用词:Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组:Take, have, come up with,setforth, put forward等。
But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people whostrongly advocate that..,.不过,另一方面,也有少部分人坚持认为_______________。
But people who are ..., on the other hand , maintain that...
不过,另一方面,________的人认为__________。
However, there are a large number of people who hold a differentview concerning this case.然而,很多人对此有不同的看法。
问题用词:Issue, phenomenon,后接介词, on, over等。
However, some others argue that... 然而,另一些人则认为_________。
However, there are also some others who contend that...
然而,也有人认为__________。
But other people set forth completely totally different argumentconcerning this case.不过,对于此,另一些人则持完全不同的观点。
Some people examine this issue from another angle.
有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。
On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly...
另一方面,也有很多反对的人,他们认为_____________。
According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer ...rather than...
根据我的个性以及兴趣,我选择_______而不会选择__________。
Personally, I side with the latter (former opinion...
就我个人而言,我支持后者(前者___________。
Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.
就我个人而言,我较同意前一种看法。
To my point of view 我认为
To my mind, the advantages far overweigh thedrawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings我认为,优点胜过缺点。
For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that..
就我而言,我较赞同后一种观点________________。
As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of thelatter view.
在我看来,我较同意后一种观点。 After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of thelatter view that... 经过深思熟虑,我较支持后一种看法,亦即________________________。 If asked to make a decision, I would prefer... 如果真的需要作出选择,我宁愿____________。
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