19、怎样理解“功利化目的使博士生教育俨然成了‘职业教育’”的含义?
20、本文谈到了我国博士教育中的诸多问题,请结合全文,谈谈本文涉及了博士教育中的哪些突出问题?
21、本篇调查中,包括一些专家和学者在内的76.1%的调查对象认为博士不是越多越好,博士生教育应回归精英教育,请结合本文和你的,谈谈你对这个观点的看法。
When I was a freshman in college I watched the film Gua Sha Treatment for the first time, now I am a junior student and I come back to review the movie from a multicultural aspect, I have many different feelings after watching the film again.
At the beginning of the film, XuDatong is given an award and later he delivers a speech. What makes me impressed most is in his speech he says “one day I will become one of you, a truly successful American, today this award proved that America is a true land of opportunity and I am the living proof of that.” At that moment Xu thinks he has realized his American Dream totally with his lovingly wife and adorable son. However, I think it is ironical that to make a speech like that and I assume it is made on purpose to hind a clue for the story's development. How many non—American people have such a beautiful American dream? One of my classmate studies in American now and before he went aboard he told me his American dream is he can stand at the top of the New York. To be honest, I also dream that one day I can get the Green Card living there happily and successfully maybe working at the Wall Street. When Xu gets the award he thinks he entirely melted in the melting pot neglecting the multicultural obstruct, later the plot goes against the way he thinks. And later Quinlan asked Xu'why you be the scapegoat of your father?' Xu answers 'because he is Chinese.' Then maybe Xu knows that there is always a wide gap between Chinese and American cultures.
The second scene is Xu hit his son Denis because Denis hit the son of xu's boss, at the middle of the film xu tells his boss that he hit his own son is only to show his respect to his boss John Quinlan, that time Quinlan feels puzzled “what a Chinese logic”,yes, American can never understand such a logic full of Chinese characteristic, because they respect everyone including the children, they won't beat a child to please the boss, and there is no such a conception of degree between employee and employer, they feel everyone is equal, which is quite different from china.
Connected to the second scene, the third difference I want to analyze is the care for the children. In America, people pay more attention to the right of children which can be seen from the law—leaving children alone at home is illegal, while in China it is so common that almost everyone may experience such loneliness. And Children Welfare Agency does work in America which shows the importance Americans attach to children's right. What's more, I remember a line 'No one won the case, especially the child.' In my opinion, it also manifests the universal concern from the American public to the children.
The fourth aspect is following the procedure, in the film, more than there times, the people focus on the rule, the law, the procedure. At the Christmas Eve Xu wants to return back to his home pretending as a Santa Claus, what a pity, the security recognizes him and persuades 'you are always a good tenement, never causes troubles for me.' And another scene is at the end of the film , the judge says 'I have to follow the procedure.' However, in China people always have to ask for a favor to do something, and later you have to pay back the favor,for myself, I prefer the American style, strict to the procedure.
The fifth and the last point is the humors, Quinlan says 'you can't fall, your health security is the company paid.' 'Datong, welcome home, maybe next time, you can come from the front door.' 'dady, why you come from the window' ' because we don't have a chimney.' I really adore this distinguished American humor, especially in dangerous situations, which is quite rare in China.
That's my whole reaction to Gua Sha Treatment.
Dear Dad,
Today is fathers day, for so many years Ive been seekig a way to express my heartfelt thanks for all you have done for me. Here comes it!
Thank you for always being there sharing my life when I need you most. Whenever I encounter difficulties, I never feel alone and vulnerable, because you will keep me on the right path. Im blessed to have you.
Thank you for offering me education and teaching me how to be a man. You always inspire me not by words, but by what you have done! Your efforts in the work, your loyalty to your friends, your responsibility for the family and your persistence in the life have already set me good examples in my own life.
Thank you for always appreciating my work, no matter how tiny it is! You have made me realize that its capacity not scores that really counts.
Dad, I love you and I will love you forever!
Yours beloved,
Li Ming
19、(4分)①一些人仅仅为找好工作或者通过读博推迟就业而读博。(1分)②一些人为职称晋升或者为了获得进入高校或科研单位而读博,读博已经成为“敲门砖”。(2分)③人们都是为了某种功利目的去读博,而不是真真的为了知识和学术去读博。(1分)(意思对即可给分。)
20、(5分)①功利化目的使博士生教育俨然成了“职业教育”,当下博士生数量急剧膨胀。(1分)
②博士论文抄袭现象等学术不端行为,加剧了人们对博士质量的担忧。(2分)
③我国博士生导师数量远远不能满足日益增长的博士生数量的要求,博士生导师所带学生过多。(2分)
21、(6分)这是一个开放性的探究题,答案可以从两个方面去组织。
①赞同。一、博士教育回归精英教育的核心是提高博士质量,也是进一步拓宽博士就业渠道和机会的需要。二、博士教育精英化可以有效地解决目前的关键问题,如读博的功利性色彩可以得到控制,挤掉博士培养中的泡沫和水分,有效地制止学术不端行为的发生等。
②不赞同。一、我国国情和美国不一样,我们的人口基数大,博士生的比例相同的话,我们在人数上自然要超过美国,不是所有的事情都向美国看齐,以他为标杆。二是我们国家急切需要大量的博士人才,时不我待,只要注意质量监控,宽进严出,保证质量的同时也可以讲求数量。(言之成理即可酌情给分。)
Dear Dad,
Long time no see, I do miss you. Well, let me tell you something about my life here.To tell the truth, i live a normal life just as anywhere i can live.(我过着一个在任何地方都普通的生活 My life is revolved on work and work.(我的生活除了学习还是学习Frankly,i feel tired sometimes(老实说,我有时候觉得很累.But i see, studying is the whole life to students like me.(但是我知道,学习是像我这样的学生的全部 So no matter how difficult, i will do my utmost .所以不管多艰难,我都会尽自己最大的努力。
Best wishes for you .
This is my first week in ** Senior Middle School.Everything here is new for me.Our school is an old school but it`s very beautiful.I have 50 new classmates in my class.They`re all very excellent, I think, and I felt a little sad.Because I`m too common.But come to think of it,it`s a very good thing.I believe I can also be very excellent if I study with such excellent classmates.I didn`t know why Ms *** chose me to be the committee of study.But I know it`s a good chance for me to raise my ability.All I can do is do my best in the future.I am sure that Ms *** and my classmates can help me when I do something wrong. Because they`re all very kind.It`s a pleasure to work and study with them.I`m really very happy.I`m not an outstanding student in this class,but I can do the same thing like others.I believe I won`t make anyone disappointed.
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