在一般的社交信中,信内收信人的地址通常省略,但是在公务信函中不能。将收信人的姓名、地址等写在信头日期下方的左角上,要求与对信头的要求一样,不必再写日期。
BOOK REPORT_Oliver Twist
Charles Dickens is one of the most famous novelists of the Victorian Age. When Charles Dickens was young, his father was put into prison. During this time, Dickens was living by himself and working in the underground cell of a shoe blacking factory. Maybe it is because this period of experience that makes Charles Dickens’s works are more focused on the living condition of the poor. In many of his novels, Dickens showed his sympathy for the poor. Just like this book-Oliver Twist in which Charles Dickens described the miserable life of the poor children and exposed the seedy side of the society at that time.
Oliver Twist is one of Charles Dickens' most popular stories. Oliver Twist was born in a workhouse in 1930s. Later, he was sent to a Coffin shop as an apprentice. As he couldn’t endure the oppression from his boss, he fled to London. However, on the way to London, he was cheated into the haunt of thieves and trained to be a thief. On one occasion, he was taken in by a rich man—Mr. Brownlow. But unfortunately, he was framed and entrapped into the haunt of thieves again. But Oliver still believes that there are hopes in his life. Finally, Nancy, a kind-hearted woman pickpocket, rescued Oliver from dangers despite the threat of the thief-in-chief and told Brownlow that actually Oliver is his good friend’s son. Nancy was killed at the end of the story, but the police surround the haunt of thieves immediately and Oliver reunited with his family members.
Of the characters in this story, Oliver, Nancy and Miss Ross represent the goodness that they are born in suffering, grow in dark world, but still keep a heart ofgold. None of the hardships can through them into the hell. Oliver is a brave and strong child that he suffered enormous pain, such as hunger, thirst, beating and abuse. But no matter how tough his life is he never gives up his belief. What’s more, in Oliver Twist, morality and nobility are always black-and-white issues. Just like Monks, who was a greedy, ruthless, shameless person, represents the black, Olive can represents the white. But Nancy, a thief who has done something bad, finally been influenced by Oliver and decided to help Oliver. This gives us the implication that the boundary between virtue and vice is not always so distinct.
Charles Dickens praised ideal human nature and interpersonal relationships and he hoped to use his pen to express his ideals in that the reality is very cruel. So, through this novel, Dickens criticized the seedy side of the capitalist society at that time and expressed his deep sympathy about the bottom class who lived in a miserable life. In this way the people could realize the social reality and consider more about their behavior. But on the other hand, Dickens shows his wish through this novel that people should firm their belief no matter what they are suffering about and evil can never prevail over good.
是写信人对收信人的称呼用语。位置在信内地址下方一、二行的地方,从该行的顶格写起,在称呼后面一般用逗号(英国式),也可以用冒号(美国式)。
(1)写给亲人、亲戚和关系密切的朋友时,用Dear或My dear再加上表示亲属关系的称呼或直称其名(这里指名字,不是姓氏)。例如:My dear father,Dear Tom等。
(2)写给公务上的信函用Dear Madam,Dear Sir或Gentleman(Gentlemen)。注意:Dear纯属公务上往来的客气形式。Gentlemen总是以复数形式出现,前不加Dear,是Dear Sir的复数形式。
(3)写给收信人的信,也可用头衔、职位、职称、学位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。例如:Dear Prof. Tim Scales, Dear Dr.John Smith。
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