考辅P42
1. I gave Tom the book. //
2. He bought his mother some flowers. //
3. The bridge was built by workers last year.//
4. We have to finish the work today. //5. He will do his homework tomorrow. //
6. We clean the rooms every day. //7. The writer spent 3 years on the book. //
8. It is a book with a lot of beautiful pictures.//
9. The book sold very well during the first week. //first week.
10. Mary was the only one in the office. //
11. She finished her work at 10 o’clock. //She didn’12. She had to take a taxi home because it was too late.
13. Liza and Mike arrived at the Great Wall in two hours.
14. They were happy to get to the top.//
15. They enjoyed themselves on the Great Wall.//
16. The postman sent Susan and Tommy a paper box.
17. They opened it and found a present from their friend.
18. They both liked the present and felt very happy.
19. Alice didn’t feel well today, so she went to the hospital.
20. The doctor asked her some questions. //
21. The doctor didn’t give her any medicine in the end.
(全真1)
1. The capital Airport has been in use for 20 years. //
2. The capital Airport is the largest one in China. //
3. I have never taken a plane. My friend Li Ping , either. //
(全真2)
1. Father gave $20 for me to buy some books. //
2. I was excited when I saw so many good books in the bookstore.
3. But some books would cost more than I have. //
But I didn’//(全真3)
1. Many Chinese friends went to the party. 2. Tony was given a lot of presents by his friends. //Tony’
3. Seeing his Chinese teacher at the party made Tony very happy. //(全真4)
1. I want to eat something. //2. The refrigerator is empty.//3. Bob spent fifteen yuan on the hamburger. ///(全真5)
1. Mr.Wang doesn’t work in that factory any longer. //
2. Mr. Wang left home earlier in order to catch the bus. 3. Mr. Wang finds it not easy to get along with that young guy. //(专家1)
1. Many people went shopping yesterday.
2. Jane spent 4 hours to buy New year gifts. //
3. She was so tired that she couldn’t walk any longer. //
(专家2)
1. My friends said to me, “Are you free?”
2. She wanted me to go shopping with her.
3. She thinks it a pleasure to go shopping with a friend.
朋友胜金钱。
2 Верному ругу цены нет.
忠实的朋友是无价之宝。
3 помогать ругу выйти из труного положения
帮助朋友摆脱困境
4 отать всё за ружу
为友谊奉献一切
5 уметь ружить с окружающими люьми
善于和周围的'人交朋友
6 Дружа - это лизкие, оверительные отношения.
友谊就是亲近信任的关系。
所谓对比,就是把正反两方面的论点和论据加以剖析对照,达到否定错误观点,树立正确论点的目的。
运用对比要注意所选取的“对体”的正与误、是与非、新与旧的区别要非常明显,要有突出的互相对立的关系;必须要对所要论述的对象的矛盾本质有深刻的认识;可以是人对人、物对物,也可以是纵向比较或横向对照。
当然,以上所概括的这几种论证方法,仅仅使用其中的一种,有时论述也会过于单薄。为强化说服力,许多议论文兼用多种论证方法。不过,使用多种论证方法一定要注意突出其中的一种,才会给人留下深刻的印象。
喻证法是用设喻来论证论点的方法。
在议论文中,设喻可以使论点更易懂、更风趣、更容易获得读者的认同。喻证法能化抽象为具体、化艰深为浅显、化枯燥为生动。
运用喻证法必须注意以下三点:
1、以小见大,就近取譬。要精选生活中细小的、人们熟悉的事物做为设喻的喻体。喻体如果不是读者常见熟知的,就达不到喻证的目的。
2、喻体不求形似,求神似。做为喻证的喻体与做为比喻的喻体不同。比喻的喻体是为了强调特征,描绘事物,侧重形似,以形比形;而喻证的喻体是为了阐发观点,以正视听,力求神似,以义取形。一定要对自己所要论争的对象和用来设喻的事物之间的对应关系进行细致入微的体味与揣摩。
3、精剖喻体,丝丝入扣。《拿来主义》中鲁迅先生的喻证法运用得是很经典的。他用“大宅子”比喻“文化遗产”;用“孱头”、“混蛋”、“废物”来批判三种对待文化遗产的错误观点和态度;用“鱼翅”、“鸦片”、“烟枪、烟灯”、“姨太太”来比喻文化遗产的几个组成部分;用“占有”、“挑选”、“创新”来说明批判继承文化遗产的三个步骤。十分贴切,浑然一体,令人信服并不由得拍案叫绝。
写作手法属于艺术表现手法(即:艺术手法和表现手法,也含表达手法(技巧,常见的有:夸张,对比,比喻,拟人,悬念,照应,联想,想象,抑扬结合、点面结合、动静结合、叙议结合、情景交融、衬托对比、伏笔照应、托物言志、白描细描、铺垫悬念、正面侧面比喻象征、借古讽今、卒章显志、承上启下、开门见山,烘托、渲染、动静相衬、虚实相生,实写与虚写,托物寓意、咏物抒情等。表达方式就是常见的叙述、描写、抒情、议论和说明。(其实也属于艺术表现手法。
英语改写句子练习题(适合初中生)
根据上句完成下句,使两句话的意思相同或相一致,每空一词
1. Nancy is too young to dress herself.
Nancy is not _____ _____ to dress herself.
2. My watch doesn't work well.
There is ____ _____ _______ my watch.
3. Jane doesn't go to work by bus any longer.
Jane ____ _____ _____ to work by bus.
4. It took Mary two weeks to prepare for the exam.
Mary _____two weeks____ ______ for the exam.
5. It seems that they have known each other.
They seem to _____ _____ each other.
6. "My grandpa doesn't like coffee or coke" said Bob
Bob said that _____grandpa liked _____coffee _____coke.
7. Cao Fei joined the League three years ago.
Cao Fei _____ ____ _____ the League for three years.
8. I prefer walking there to going by bus.
I prefer to walk there ____ _____ going by bus.
9. -Thank you very much. -You're welcome.
- ____ a lot. -Not at____ .
10. Kitty does well in English.
Kitty ____ ____ ____ English.
11. They realized Hainan was a beautiful place after they reached there.
They____ realize Hainan was a beautiful place_____ they reached there.
12. We will have to finish the work hardly if you don't help us. We can't finish the work _____ _____ ______
13. My dictionary isn't so thick as yours.
My dictionary is _____ than yours.
14. Could you tell me where the East Street Hospital is? Excuse me, ____ is the _____ to the East Street Hospital?
15. The book is exciting to read.
It is ____ _____ read the book.
16. Jack's mother asked him, "Have you packed your things?" Jack's mother asked him ____ he ____ packed his things.
17. She likes singing better than dancing. She ____ singing ____ dancing.
18. Remember to ring me up as soon as you get to Nanjing Make ____ to give me a ring as soon as you _____ Nanjing.
19. They couldn't catch the train because of the heavy traffic. The heital?
15. The book is exciting to read.
It is ____ _____ read the book.
16. Jack's mother asked him, "Have you packed your things?" Jack's mother asked him ____ he ____ packed his things.
17. She likes singing better than dancing. She ____ singing ____ dancing.
18. Remember to ring me up as soon as you get to Nanjing Make ____ to give me a ring as soon as you _____ Nanjing.
19. They couldn't catch the train because of the heavy traffic. The heavy traffic _____ them from _____ the train.
20. My brother has been away from home for two days.
My brother _____ home two days _____ .
21. Li Lei decided to move to Canada when he was thirty.
Li Lei made a _____ to move to Canada at the _____ of thirty.
22. Jim was too careless to pass the exam last term.
Jim was not_____ _____ to pass the exam last term.
23. If you don't hurry up, you can't catch the train.
Hurry up, _____ you may _____ the train.
24. Yang Li wei said to us, "I'm going to visit your school tomorrow. " We were all pleased.
We were all pleased when we heard Yang Li wei_____ visit_____ school the next day.
25. This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. I have ____seen _____ an interesting film before.
26. I was late for school because of the traffic accident. The traffic accident _____ me _____ getting to school on time.
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