导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成\"总—分—总\"结构
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的\',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
你们好!今天我们毕业了。我们沐着风雨阳光,迎着黎明朝阳,度过了一千多个日日夜夜。在这个多彩的季节,我们即将背起行囊,在母校的殷切目光中,去拥抱新的天地。回首这三年的旅程,我们探求,我们汲取,我们收获,我们成长。母校老师为我们付出了太多太多。在此,请允许我代表在场的各位同学对母校,对老师表示深深的\'感谢:谢谢您,敬爱的老师们。
三年前,我们以懵懂的姿态步入校园,抬头仰望天空,我们知道新的人生从此开始,教室里,我们专心致志;球场上,我们挥洒自如;赛场上,我们奋力拼搏。而这些,已经被时光定格在了昨天。
有人说,初中的生活是一本太仓促的书。是的,三年的时光,一千多页的喜怒哀乐就这样匆匆翻过,但却给我们留下了那么多生动的细节。如果有人问我们收获是什么,我们可以说:从同学的埋头苦读中,我们明白了什么是执着与拼搏;从老师的谆谆教诲中,我们明白了什么是传道,授业,解或;从好友的万千叮咛中,我们明白了什么是友谊无价……语文老师引导我们用心灵走进文学的殿堂;数学老师用数字与图形设计我们人生的蓝图;科学老师引导我们感悟自然万象;英语老师带领我们接触世界;社会老师带我们领略历史的星空,三年的稠州中学生活使我们更加健康、向上、富有爱心。
往日岁月好像一个大彩罐,不断地摇晃,里面就会掉出诱人的奖品,让我们惊喜异常。今天我们即将告别母校,迈入一个更广阔的天地,我们抱着希望,找准成功的方向,开辟成功的绿洲。
季节总是如期而至,雏鹰总要凌空翱翔。让我们的嘴角扬起微笑,用自信的笔试写下:相信自己,相信未来。再过三年让我们再相聚母校,为母校历史添上更辉煌的一笔。让我们张开梦想的翅膀,追求人生的理想。
谢谢!
导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
人民防空系列电影科教片《居安思危备战人防》在北京举行隆重的首映式,解放军总参作战部领导,国家人防办副主任以及国家人防局副局长杨青山、国家广电总局的相关领导参加了开机仪式。
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居安思危,思则有备,常备不懈,有备无患。人民防空宣传教育是国家有效地组织人民防空、动员和组织群众的措施之一,也是广大群众增强国防观念和人防意识,掌握防空基本知识和技能的重要途径。长期和平环境的影响,人们的人防意识有所淡化。因此,必须以宣传教育为导向,用宣传教育为人防建设开路,切实发挥好人防宣传教育工作的舆论导向作用。只有通过宣传教育这个窗口才能使广大群众真正全面的了解人防的各项工作,明白自己应该担负的责任和权利,因此必须高度重视和充分发挥宣传教育窗口作用,在社会各界的共同关心和支持下,营造出有利于人防建设的良好氛围。
人防宣传教育要适应新形势、新情况变化的需要,采取切实有效的措施适应时代的\'变化,应用各种先进的传媒方式,以群众喜闻乐见的形式开展多种宣传活动,全面推动和保障人防建设的健康深入发展。《居安思危备战人防》是河南省人防办和河南影视集团联合摄制的系列电影科教片,采用电影科教片的形式向广大群众进行人防法和人防建设的宣传教育,不仅可以利用音像媒介形象直观的进行趣味性的宣传,而且可以科学严谨的进行人防知识的普及教育,在全国的人防宣传教育领域是一个创新和突破。
《居安思危 备战人防》由国家人民防空办公室总监制,河南省人防办与河南影视集团联合摄制的系列电影科教片。该系列电影科教片以《中华人民共和国人防法》为依据,涵盖现代空袭的特点、人民防空的任务、防空建设的标准等多个方面,分门别类,对人防知识、人防技能、“三防”技巧进行了详细的讲述。国家人防办十分重视这部系列科教影片的科学性和艺术性,专门组织高水平的专家组对该系列科教片进行审读、审看,提出了具体修改意见,历时近两年,经过12次的稿件修改,5次影片修改,最终得到专家组的一致审核通过。这部系列科教影片在拍摄手法上,采用叙事化讲述与科学知识阐释有机结合的模式,主题明确,构思巧妙,努力做到深入浅出、通俗易懂,通过一些战争实例的引用,使观众增强真实感和危机感,体验掌握人防知识、人防技能的重要性,从而树立居安思危、备战人防的人防以及国防理念。
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1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
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