悬念,在古典小说里称为“扣子”或“关子”,即设置疑团,不作解答,借以激发读者的阅读兴趣。通俗地说,它是在情节发展中设置谜面,使读者产生急切的期盼心理,然后在适当的时机揭开谜底。课文《一碗阳春面》就是范例。文章开篇,写大年三十深夜十二点,母子三人来到北海亭面馆吃面。这么晚了才来,而且是吃一碗,这一情节足以引起读者的好奇。接下来写一年后他们二吃阳春面,作者仍然没有揭开谜底。再写一年后他们三吃阳春面,时间、地点、人物依旧,阳春面变成了两碗,这又是为什么?读者的好奇心被作者撩得按捺不住时,小说恰到好处地通过母子三人的对话交代了他们所遭遇的厄运。但作者还嫌悬念设置得不够充分,往下是写母子三人十年没有来吃面,由此设下了新的悬念:他们为什么没来?他们的命运怎样了?直到篇末,读者紧悬的一颗心才放下,为主人公战胜厄运而欢欣。由于悬念扣人心弦,全文显得曲折有致。
Expert tips on how to prevent avian influenza H7N9 collated by current argument data dictionary
1.平时加强体育锻炼,多休息,避免过度劳累,不吸烟,勤洗手;注意个人卫生,打喷嚏或咳嗽时掩住口鼻。
1 usually strengthen physical exercise, rest more, avoid excessive overworked, do not smoke, wash their hands; pay attention to personal hygiene, when sneezing or coughing and cover your nose and mouth.
2.保持室内清洁,使用消毒液清洗的地毯,避免使用难以清洗的地毯,保持地面、天花板、家具及墙壁清洁,确保排水道通畅;保持室内空气流通,应每天开窗换气两次,每次至少10分钟,或使用抽气扇保持空气流通;尽量少去 空气不流通的场所。
2 keep the room clean, use disinfectant cleaning carpets, avoid the use of hard to clean the carpet, keep the floor, ceiling, furniture and walls clean, to ensure smooth drainage channel; maintains the indoor air circulation, ventilation windows should be at least two times a day, 10 minutes each time, or use a fan to keep air circulation; as little as possible to airless places.
3.注意饮食卫生,进食禽肉、蛋类要彻底煮熟,加工、保存食物时要注意生、熟分开;养成良好的卫生习惯,搞好厨房卫生,不生食禽肉和内脏。解剖活(死家禽、家畜及其制品后要彻底洗手。
3, pay attention to food hygiene, eating meat, eggs should be thoroughly cooked, processing, preservation of food to the attention of raw, cooked separately; develop good health habits, good kitchen hygiene, do not eat raw poultry meat and offal. Anatomy of living (dead to wash hands thoroughly, livestock and poultry products.
同时,在户外洗手不方便的时候,可以使用免洗洗手液,随身携带,随时随地隔离病菌,呵护您的健康。
At the same time, when the outdoor hand-washing is not convenient, can use hand sanitizer, carry whenever and wherever possible, isolate the pathogen, take care of your health.
4.发现疫情时,应尽量避免与禽类接触;公众特别是儿童应避免密切接触家禽和野禽。
4 found in the epidemic, should avoid contact with poultry; the public especially children should avoid close contact with poultry and wild birds.
5.注意生活用具的消毒处理。禽流感病毒不耐热,100°C下一分钟即可灭活。对干燥、紫外线照射、汞、氯等常用消毒药都很敏感。
5 pay attention to disinfection and living appliances. Avian influenza viruses do not heat, 100 ° C, one minute can be inact
这种手法的运用,主要是在组织篇章的过程中,有意将文章的主旨或感情潜藏起来,积情蓄势,就像水库蓄水一样,积蓄到一定程度,行文到适当的时候,突然间将隐含于文中的主旨或感情爆发出来,如水库之开闸放水。如毕淑敏的《儿子的创意》,作者以特有的清新、细腻的文笔,给我们叙述了“儿子”参加一个宗教博物馆建筑创意征文比赛的故事。通篇的构思十分精巧高明。儿子一心一意想拿金牌,妈妈气急败坏地阻止非难。儿子严肃认真,把参加课外活动看成是培养自己创造力的重要途径,妈妈则千方百计地引导孩子重视课本。多么尖锐的矛盾!然而,在文章的最后,当儿子拿到金牌,妈妈问他为什么想得金牌到日本去时,儿子的回答却是“日本的游戏机最好玩了,我去了就可以买一台回来啊”。原来儿子的“一心一意”、“严肃认真”竟是为了一台游戏机!这里,作者成功地运用了“蓄放”的手法。如果说全文的母子之争是一种“积情蓄势”,那么结尾的陡然一转,则是开闸放水了。
这是组织篇章造就转折形成波澜的又一重要技法。可以是先抑后扬,也可以是先扬后抑。如课文《琐忆》就是先抑后扬。作者回忆鲁迅开始使用了抑笔,说鲁迅“多疑”、“世故”、“脾气大”、“不容易接近”等等。文章往下的回忆,则逐一解除了先前的这种误解,推翻了听来的别人的议论。原来,鲁迅对青年平易近人,亲切热情,从不使用教训口吻;而对那些攀附阔老的奴才、伪装的道学者等,那确实是很有“脾气”、也很爱“骂人”的。这样,文章前后抑扬的呼应,形成了覆盖全文的波澜,增强了表达效果。
to prevent H7N9 we should know some common sense. First of all, it is important for us to prevent H7N9 from ourselves. For example, clean our hands frequently.
Sencondly, do more exercises. Such as running. Lastly, change our diet to keep balence. For example, eat more types of vegetables and drink more water
To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour.
一沙一世界,
一花一天堂,
手中即无限,
永恒亦短暂。
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