学生是学习的主人,我们的“教”应该为学生的“学”服务。在备课时,教师还应该时时在心中与学生对话,在与学生充分对话的基础上进行的备课活动才能真正体现学生的学习主体地位。
“你对这个话题了解了多少?”——牛津小学英语每一个单元都有一个话题。在我们设计新单元的教学时,这个问题可以提示我们尊重学生的已有经验,关注学生的学习基础,在学生已知已会的基础之上设计教学内容,把属于学生的时间还给学生。
“通过这节课你将学到什么?你是怎么学的?还可以学得更好吗?”——新课程呼唤我们的教学从知识本位回归到三维目标。这一连串问题指向的就是一节课中知识与技能、方法与过程、情感态度与价值观的目标达成。长期以来,我们的英语教学一直比较关注学生对英语知识的掌握情况,忽略了学生学习过程中的感受及体验。其实,真正的有效教学就是要让学生从浅层次的“学会”上升到“会学”与“乐学”,这样的学习才会让学生的终身学习获益。
在备课过程中,我们还要结合教材内容。预设大量的与学生的对话。在这个过程中,我们要注意与学生的对话交流必须付出真心真情。教师真心真意对待学生,才能让孩子们之间真心真意,课堂才会真实。这些年的英语教学实践证明,我们已经从期待表演的、热闹的、师生对答如流的课堂转变为期待真实的课堂和真实的交流。真实的教学问题、自然的教学过程、和谐的教学氛围才能最大程度地促进学生综合语言运用能力的形成。
每一套教材都代表着某一种教学理念和实践方法,教师在使用一套新教材之时,应站在编者的角度钻研全套教材,努力理解和领会教材编写者的教学思想和设计精神,把握教材的特点,使之在我们的教学中得以充分体现。与教材对话,首先要尊重教材,读透教材;与教材对话,更要超越教材,走向生活。我们不妨尝试“一课三案”:钻研教材,独立思考,形成“初案”;博采众长,融会贯通,写出“教案”;课后反思,精益求精,补充“另案”。
江苏版的《牛津小学英语》教材按照话题——功能——结构的体例编写,在备课时,我们可着力于话题生活化,功能结构协调化。在“初案”中,我们应该重点研读教材,明确教学语言与语境语言,把握关键语句与困难语句;在“教案”形成阶段,我们应分析语用因素,结合师情学情,选择设计各环节活动:课后,结合教学实际再回头看自己的教材解读,及时补充“另案”必不可少。“另案”中,可以反思一节课对教材处理的成功之举、败笔之处、学生感受,当然,对教材的“再教设计”是最终目的。我们对教材的研读应该追求从“有它无我”到“有它有我”,最后达到“有我无它”的洒脱境界。
"Celebrity biography" perfectly confirms the old adage of Chinese people: the people of ancient and modern times are not only talented but also resilient. Romain rolland holds the three artists in their respective fields together to restore the high morality of 20th century literature and restore its colorful character. Beethoven from flash light to enjoy the reputation of the peak to the bottom of your life, poor tragic from childhood to old age in the pursuit of happiness the twists and turns of life, just as the Roman. Roland described as "his whole life was like a thunderstorm day". From it, I realized that Beethoven has always been in the struggle against the fate, and ideological struggle, even though he gives a person a sense of pride, but his heart a fragile, a strong, are people who do not know him unable to dig. The passion for creating the perfect song, the dedication to seeking joy, and the perfect encounter, made his life become a force of nature. A primitive force between the rest of the ingredients of that kind of engagement with nature, the Homer epic spectacle ", he in his own misery in casting, joy "with joy" pain is sufficient to enrich his life. Michelangelo was not "he is powerful, he was born to fight, to conquer, and he conquered -- he did not win." That's not what he's looking for." He was a spiritual aristocrat, a genius, but he was troubled by genius, and his spirit and soul were powerless. This crazy spark exists in an overly effeminate body and mind that cannot control its terrible life. From this I can see that his life is a sacred pain
As long as we understand the "celebrity biography to our high sublimation, and make the hero of the blood is in front of us at the moment, the hero of the red flag flutters on our heads, we will feel slowly, in the people from the sublime, farewell, lofty and the mediocre society, our soul has also been sublimed as a.
在正文下面的`一、二行处,从信纸的中间偏右处开始,第一个词开头要大写,句末用逗号。不同的对象,结束语的写法也不同。
(1)写给家人、亲戚,用Your loving grandfather,Lovingly yours,Lovingly等;
(2)写给熟人、朋友,用Yours cordially,Yours affectionately等;
(3)写业务信函用Truely yours(Yours truely),Faithfully yours(Yours faithfully)等;
(4)对上级、长辈用Yours obediently(Obediently yours),Yours respectfully(Respectfully yours)等。
This "celebrity biography" is about the tribulations and difficulties of the three famous men on the road to fame, from the power of persistence to the disintegration of power even to despair. They abandoned a lot of love and friendship on the way to fame. Finally, they set foot on the road to success.
The first is a belief that, suffering from pain, still does not put down music -- Beethoven. Although he was deaf, he said proudly, "listen to my heart music, you don't understand how I feel! A band can only play music that I expect to write in a minute!" Yeah! His music set of classicism is the beginning of romanticism, and its creation reflects the progressive thoughts of the rising period of the bourgeoisie.
Then a tragic, still sculptural belief - Michelangelo. His pain came from human malice. He was born to fight, to conquer! It is precisely because of this that his artistic creation has been deeply influenced, often with the realism of the civil class at the time of the patriotism and freedom of the struggle of the spirit of the painting. This kind of cup is presented in grand and magnificent form, and his hero is both an ideal symbol and a reflection of reality.
The last is a mirror that Lenin once called "the Russian revolution." Looking around Tolstoy's life, he was not only a literary giant, but also the narrative of life, religion, and society that made him a world-leading thinker. Tolstoy never laid down his obsession with the meaning of life.
是写信人对收信人的称呼用语。位置在信内地址下方一、二行的地方,从该行的顶格写起,在称呼后面一般用逗号(英国式),也可以用冒号(美国式)。
(1)写给亲人、亲戚和关系密切的朋友时,用Dear或My dear再加上表示亲属关系的称呼或直称其名(这里指名字,不是姓氏)。例如:My dear father,Dear Tom等。
(2)写给公务上的信函用Dear Madam,Dear Sir或Gentleman(Gentlemen)。注意:Dear纯属公务上往来的客气形式。Gentlemen总是以复数形式出现,前不加Dear,是Dear Sir的复数形式。
(3)写给收信人的信,也可用头衔、职位、职称、学位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。例如:Dear Prof. Tim Scales, Dear Dr.John Smith。
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