1、教后记。他是教师对课堂教学的小结,也是对自己教学行为和体验的自我评价与对话,是改进教学策略、积累教学经验、提升教学水平的好方法。教后记,通常是教师依据先进的教育理念和教学策略,对课堂教学的教学目标、教学流程、教学手段、教学方式与方法、教学氛围与效果等方面,进行反思与总结,是教师教学的再备课。一篇好的教后记,可反映出教师是否具有课程意识和吸纳新理念、新经验的能力,利用和开发课程资源的意识,总结教学得与失,经验与教训的能力,学科教学测量和运用评价能力,教育科研和运用语言文字进行表情达意的能力。教后记可长可短,长可千言,短可几百字,可总结经验之得,可反思败笔之处,可分析问题原委,可指定补救措施,还可捕捉课堂上的机智亮点等。教后记要力争体现纪实性、客观性、思想性和针对性。
2、教育日记。即教师把自己每天的所见、所闻、所读、所思,用记日记的形式记录下来。苏永新教授认为:“中小学教师,我是不大主张去进行对他们而言比较遥远的理论探讨,绝大部分的老师的科研可以是日记的形式,随笔的形式。”写教育日记能够自己和自己对话,是一个人成长的重要法宝。
3、教育随笔。即教师记录观察到的教育现象,记录自己的感受和思考,属于散文体裁的文章。它篇幅短小,表现形式灵活自由,可以抒情、叙事或评论。是从实际出发,写自己的心思、体验与感悟。陶行知、苏霍姆林斯基是大教育家,他们的主要作品就是教育随笔。著名学者李镇西是这样评价教育随笔的:“对于普通教师,甚至可以提倡这种表达——教育理念可以朴实地阐释,教育情感可以诗意地抒发,教育过程可以形象地叙述,教育现象可以激情地评说。”
好的文章动静结合、张弛有度有节奏感。句式也是一样,要有变化性,这不仅能使文章更生动,也是语言表达方式的需要和表达能力的体现。句式的`变化,主要是要注意两点:
● 不要从头至尾使用一种句型。
● 长短句结合。
由于语言功底的欠缺和惯用思维,很多人写的文章一种句式到头,如:
I think …
I hope…
He does it.
He will take it
这样的文章虽然意思表达出来了,却显得呆板,欠生动。解决的办法是:
1.间或使用主从复句。
Because he is very much determined, he will carry it out this time. (原因
比较:He is very much determined. He will carry it out this time.
2.使用分词结构句。
The weather being fine, a large number of people went sightseeing.
比较:The weather is fine. A large number of people went sightseeing.
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.
比较:Africa is the second largest continent. Its size is about three times that of China.
3.使用不定式句。
To be or not to be, that is a question. (莎士比亚
To study or not to study, that is much different.(引申
To do it well, you must plan it well.
比较:You want to do it well. And you must plan it well.
4.倒装句
Only when we fully recognize its importance can we have control of its essence.
比较:After we fully recognize its importance, we can have control of its essence.
No sooner had he arrived home than it began to rain.
比较:He arrived home. And it began to rain.
5.失衡句
whether or not he will come is still unknown to all the people present.
比较:No one present knows whether he will come or not.
That he has done it all by himself is known to everyone.
比较:Everyone knows that he has done it all by himself.
当然,句子并不是越长越好,也不是越复杂水平就越高。凡事皆有度。太多长句的堆砌让人觉得是买弄。有时侯,一个短小精辟的句子可以起到画龙点睛的作用。特别是在文末段尾。比如:
●As a creature, every one knows.
●Actions speak louder than words.
●Practice makes perfect.
以前我反思过自己的所做所为,反思过自己的工作不足。比如课堂教学中存在的问题:学生的注意力不够集中,课堂效率低。在班主任管理中也存在有问题:没有耐心和恒心,有时简单粗暴,不科学,不能以理服人等。但都没有起到多大作用,过段时问就犹如往常一样了。
这次读过做一个反思型的老师后,使我明确了应该如何反思,反思什么?才能提高自己,改变自己。在所有反思中,最重要最有价值的反思是对自己错误的反思,反思错误就是犯了错误之后,不要轻易原谅自己,而是要拷问自己的心灵,我为什么会犯这样的错误呢?刚开始,我在上课时,没有按照课堂五个步骤去做做,导致课堂效率低,我尽管反思了,但反思不够。比如真正自学环节,如果学玍没有自学,也就没有什么需求合作的,也不能做到有效展示。课堂效率低。
我一直反思,如果我的学生没有开始学习,我的教学就不能开始,学习始终是学生的事,我所能做的,只能是助学,而不是替学。我必须警惕我和我的孩子身处课堂心在别处,我的责任是把他们的心思引回到动人的学习中来,各自的眼神可以说明一切。我必须怀着清晰的目标走进课堂。我一定会认真反思,当我犯了错误,我不能再原谅自己,要真正从错误中吸取教训。
读书可以使人进步,可以改变人的思想,在以后的教学工作中,我要不断反思自己,不忘五个步骤五条誓约。力争做到最好。
aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To
begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same
time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
一个好的主题句是文章成功的一半。不仅文章有主题,段落有纲,句也必有中心。文章失却主题,就会不知所云;落无纲,则一盘散沙,句缺中心,就无意义。所以,在立足于篇章时,一定要首先明确文的主题;在发展段落时,也要首先写好主题句。从PETS三的特点来考虑,主题句最好是置于文首或段首,这样让人一目了然! 以下就是两个实用的开门见山式发展主题句的方法。
●To begin with, we must attach the greatest importance possible to this issue/fact (key word.
●As is well known to all, it is now high time that we took this (topic word into serious consideration.
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