一个阳光明媚的`下午,一群男孩子们高高兴兴地走到这片空地,把书包和帽子一丢,堆成两堆,便成了简易的球门。激烈的球赛开始了。
那位头发金黄的守门员,脸因紧张和高兴涨成了红色,虽然昨天膝盖被擦破了,但他毫不在意。只见他把双手放在膝盖上,半蹲着身子,聚精会神地盯着足球,跃跃欲试。
站在他身后的小男孩,穿着红色的运动服,挺着肚子,有些不服气,昨天大哥哥的腿摔破时,还是他踢走了一球,取得胜利呢。他想到这,有些洋洋得意。
过往的行人都被这场紧张的球赛吸引了。纷纷停下脚,坐在长凳上,也不知是谁家的小狗,它可对足球不感兴趣,它只对主人供它玩的小皮球感兴趣呢。现在正无所事事地在草地上打呼噜。
你瞧,那个带着弟弟的小男孩,目光紧紧的琐在黄队,坐这一动不动,生怕黄队输了。
和守门员一样有着金黄色头发的小男孩,伸长了脖子,口中轻声喃喃自语:“加油!踢!好!”站在他身后的,头上系着深红色蝴蝶节的小女孩儿,索性站起来,只见她双手叉腰,眉头紧皱,好像有什么不顺心。
戴红色帽子的小女孩,弯着腰,伸头向右望去,她涨红了脸,虽说她没有上“战场”但她的心跳自己清清楚楚能听见。
一位抱着洋娃娃的女孩,一直微笑着,眼睛却繁忙了,一直盯着球,看球究竟在哪队里。那个穿着绿衣服的小男孩,也许是第一次看见这种场面吧。他的小手在计算胜负,一边轻轻摇手,一边说:“真精彩,太不可思议了。”
看得最认真的算是那位大个子叔叔了,他看得津津有味。他想起了童年,他是足球的先锋,那是多么难忘的岁月啊,他又想到了将来足球事业的发展,和即将到来的世界杯。
有一天,周瑜请诸葛亮商议军事,让诸葛亮立下军令状三天造好十万之箭。
诸葛亮向鲁肃借二十条船,每条船上各有三十名军士,一千多的草把子,船用青布幔子遮起来。
直到第三天四更大雾漫天,诸葛亮请鲁肃一起去取箭。诸葛亮下令把船头朝西,船尾朝东,一字排开,又叫船上的军士一边擂鼓,一边大声呐喊。曹操听到,只叫士兵放箭。箭好像下雨一样。诸葛亮又下令把船掉过来,再次受箭。
天渐渐亮了,二十条船顺风顺水驶回南岸,曹操想追也追不上了。
周瑜拿到箭后,直佩服诸葛亮神机妙算。
按要求改写句子知识点梳理
一、概述
按要求改写句子主要考查学生对句子结构的掌握以及用不同句型表达同一意思的能力。考查所涉及到的句子类型有一般疑问句、否定句、反意疑问句、选择疑问句、对划线部分提问、感叹句、保持原句意思、合并成一句、简单句和复合句之间的互换以及改为被动语态等。
二、解题时需注意的几个要点
1、时态:不同的时态相对应的助动词
一般现在时:谓语动词用原形(主语为第三人称单数时,动词加s或es,变否定句、疑问句时助动词为do或does)
一般过去时:谓语动词用过去式,变否定句、疑问句时助动词为did.
现在完成时:助动词have/has+动词的过去分词
过去完成时:助动词had+动词的过去分词
一般将来时:will/be going to +动词原形
过去将来时:would/was or were going to +动词原形
现在进行时:am/is/are+动词的现在分词
过去进行时:was/were+动词的现在分词
2、语态:主动语态变为被动语态的谓语结构
一般现在时:am/is/are+动词的过去分词
一般过去时:was/were+动词的过去分词
一般将来时:will be+动词的过去分词
情态动词:can/may/must/need等情态动词+be++动词的过去分词
3、改反意疑问句时注意hardly, never, seldom, few, little, no等词表达的是否定意义,变反意疑问句时用肯定形式。
4、在合并句子时,有些连词如not only…but also…, neither…nor…, either…or…是就近原则,连接两个主语时动词形式取决于与动词邻近的主语。而both…and…连接两个主语时,主语是复数。
5、简单句和复合句之间的互换常见的有:带有疑问词的宾语从句改为特殊疑问词+to+动词原形的不定式;结果状语从句so…that…改为enough to或too…to…的简单句。
6、保持原句意思改写句子时注意时态不变。
三、习题
练习一
1. We do our homework every evening. (改为否定句)
We _________ ________ our homework every evening. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ do they have a class meeting?
3. She could hardly understand this passage. (改为反意疑问句
She could hardly understand this passage, _________ __________?
4.The manager told him how to get useful information. (改为否定句
The manager _________ _________ him how to get useful information.
5. Tom’s sister can speak English and Japanese very well. (改为反意疑问句
Tom’s sister can speak English and Japanese very well, _________ _________?
对划线部分提问
_________ _________ he live twenty years ago?
7. Sam does some cleaning in the morning. (改为否定句
Sam _________ do _________ cleaning in the morning.
对划线部分提问
_________ _________ have the students worked on the survey?
9. Your father used to ride a bike. (改成反意问句)
Your father used to ride a bike, _______ ________? (对划线提问)
__________ ___________ the population of Germany?
11. Mr. Wang washes his car once a month. (改为一般疑问句)
Mr. Wang (对划线部分提问
will Susan come back from Athens?
13. My friends lost their way when they were traveling in Hong Kong. (改为一般疑问句
________ your friends ________ their way when they were traveling in Hong Kong?
14. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ has Yao Ming been in the Rocket Team?
15. She put the digital camera on the bed just now. (改为否定句
She _________ _________ the digital camera on the bed just now.
16. Mark's flown to Hainan Island for winter holidays. (改为反意疑问句
Mark's flown to Hainan Island for winter holidays, _________ _________?
(专辑. (划线部分提问
_________ did Super Girl Zhou Bichang _________ to Vienna?
18. I’ve already saved enough money to buy a new car. (改为否定句
I ________ saved enough money to buy a car ________.
19. Lily used to have long straight hair. (改为反意疑问句
Lily used to have long straight hair, ________ ________?
20. He has already been there .(改为一般疑问句
__________ he been there __________?
21.They decided that they wouldn't have the picnic because of the bad weather. (改为简单句
They decided __________ _________ have the picnic because of the bad
weather.
22. The English people hardly ever shake hands between the strangers .( 改为反意疑问句
The English people hardly ever shake hands between the strangers, __________ __________?
23. They grew some sunflowers in their garden last year.(改为否定句)
They __________ __________ any sunflowers in their garden last year.
24. Jane drinks milk every morning.(改为一般疑问句)
_________ Jane ___________ milk every morning? (就划线部分提问)
___________ map ___________ to Class 4?
26. You can choose only one of the two: a mini-TV or a DVD player. (改为选择疑问句
you want a mini-TV a DVD player?
27. That detective film is so amazing. (改为感叹句)
___________ ___________ amazing detective film!
28. He has some money left.(改成否定句)
He money left.
29. (划线部分提问)
do the members of the film society meet?
30. His mother knew why the little boy was unhappy all day. (改为一般疑问句
_______ his mother _______ why the boy was unhappy all day?
31. He looks very funny with that hat on. (改为感叹句
_______ _______ he looks with that hat on!. 对划线部分提问
_______ _______ they build this factory?
33. I have already finished the test paper.(改为否定句)
I ________ finished the test paper ________.
34. Johnson denied cheating in the competition.(改为反意疑问句)
Johnson denied cheating in the competition, ________ ________? (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ the story need to be funny?
36. Sam does some cleaning in the morning. (改为否定句
Sam _________ do _________ cleaning in the morning.
对划线部分提问 _________ _________ have the students worked on the survey?
38. (对划线部分提问) _________ _________ has he been a top fashion designer?
39. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ will they move into the new school?
40. to go to the People’s Square by underground. (对划线部分提问
________ _______ did it take you to go to the People’s Square by underground?
练习二:
1. Gold is less valuable than diamond. (保持句意不变
Gold is ________ ________ valuable as diamond.
2. He told the children to go and watch his tank of Ghost fish. (改为被动语态 The children ________ ________ to go and watch his tank of Ghost fish.
3. Unless I have a quiet room, I cannot do any work. (保持句意不变)
I cannot do any work ________ I _________ have a quiet room.
4. The manager arrived here a few minutes ago. (保持句意不变)
The manager has _________here ________ a few minutes.
5. They will send him to work in Japan for one year. (改为被动语态
He will ________ _________ to work in Japan for one year.
6. The words on the notice board are very small. I can’t see them clearly.(保持句子原意
The words on the notice board are small I can’t see them
clearly.
7. We can solve the problems with the help of the teacher. (改为被动语态 The problems can _________ _________ with the help of the teacher.
8. We can’t finish the work in such a short time. (保持原句意思
It’s _________ _________ us to finish the work in such a short time.
9. We must keep the noise under 50 dbs.(分贝(改成被动语态)
The noise must ________ _______ under 50 dbs here.
10. Mike doesn’t like classical music. Billy doesn’t either. (合并成一句) _________ Mike nor Billy __________ classical music.
11. The room is so dirty that we can’t live in it.(保持句意不变)
The room isn’t __________ _________ for us to live in.
12. No one knows when we will start tomorrow. (保持原句意思)
No one knows start tomorrow.
13. The Smiths will invite the professor to take part in the party. (改成被动语态 to take part in the party by the Smiths.
14. If you are not brave, you’ll lose your last chance.(保持原句意思)
you are ’ll lose your last chance.
15. They store much information in the computer. (改成被动语态
Much information ________ ________ in the computer.
16. Don’t throw rubbish here and there. Our teacher said to us. (合并为一句
Our teacher told us ________ ________ throw rubbish here and there.
17. If John doesn’t apologize for what he did, I will tell the teacher about his bad behavior.
(保持原句意思)
_______ John _______ for what he did, I will tell the teacher about his bad behavior.
18. I don't know where we can grow vegetables in the city. (改为简单句 I don't know _________ _________ grow vegetables in the city.
19. People used to enjoy themselves chatting on MSN when it worked well. (保持句意基本不变
People used to _________ a lot of _________ chatting on MSN when it worked well.
20. If you don’t improve your handwriting, you will lose marks in the exam. (合成同义句
You will lose marks in the exam ________ you ________ your handwriting.
21. To go fishing is fun. (句意不变 )
_____ is fun _____ ______ fishing.
22. Dick was so short that he couldn’t touch the top of the bookshelf.(保持句意基本不变)
Dick wasn’t __________ __________ to reach the top of the bookshelf.
23. “Can I borrow your bike for a while or not?”( 保持句意基本不变)
Tom asked his sister __________ he __________ borrow her bike or not for a while.
24. The couple couldn’t decide which flat they should choose at first. (保持原句意
思)
The couple couldn’t decide which flat at first.
25. Meaningless information is difficult for the little boy to remember. (保持原句意思)
is difficult for the little boy remember meaningless information.
26. People throw away millions of plastic bags in our city every day. (改成被动语态)
Millions of plastic bags away in our city.
27. She was so careless that she couldn’t find the mistakes in her test paper. (保持句意基本不变
She was _______ _______ to find the mistakes in her test paper.
28. We will hold the next Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008.(改为被动语态)
The next Olympic Games will _______ _______ in Beijing in 2008.
29. The elderly man pushed the birds into the river.(改为被动语态)
The birds ________ ________ into the river by the elderly man.
30. Dolphins are so clever that they can follow the instructions.(保持句意基本不变) Dolphins are ________ ________ to follow the instructions.
31. We can’t finish the work in such a short time. (保持原句意思
It’s _________ _________ us to finish the work in such a short time.
32. They invited the astronaut and his wife to the party on Christmas Eve.(改为被动语态
The astronaut and his wife _________ _________ to the party on Christmas Eve.
33. The little girl didn’t go to bed unless the grandmother told her a story. (保持句意基本不变
The little girl didn’t go to bed _________ the grandmother _________ tell her a story.
34. The plane is so big that it can carry 300 passengers at one time. (改为简单句)
The plane is big _________ _________ carry 300 passengers at one time.
35. Did they know the answer to the question? Ididn’t know… (合并为一句 I didn’t know ________ they had ________ the answer to the question.
Keys
练习一
1. don’t do 2. How often 3.could she 4.didn’t tell 5.can’t she
6.where did 7.doesn’t any 8.How long 9.didn’t he 10.What is
一个阳光明媚的下午,一群男孩子们高高兴兴地走到这片空地,把书包和帽子一丢,堆成两堆,便成了简易的球门。激烈的球赛开始了。
那位头发金黄的守门员,脸因紧张和高兴涨成了红色,虽然昨天膝盖被擦破了,但他毫不在意。只见他把双手放在膝盖上,半蹲着身子,聚精会神地盯着足球,跃跃欲试。
站在他身后的小男孩,穿着红色的运动服,挺着肚子,有些不服气,昨天大哥哥的腿摔破时,还是他踢走了一球,取得胜利呢。他想到这,有些洋洋得意。
过往的行人都被这场紧张的球赛吸引了。纷纷停下脚,坐在长凳上,也不知是谁家的小狗,它可对足球不感兴趣,它只对主人供它玩的小皮球感兴趣呢。现在正无所事事地在草地上打呼噜。
你瞧,那个带着弟弟的小男孩,目光紧紧的琐在黄队,坐这一动不动,生怕黄队输了。
和守门员一样有着金黄色头发的小男孩,伸长了脖子,口中轻声喃喃自语:“加油!踢!好!”站在他身后的,头上系着深红色蝴蝶节的小女孩儿,索性站起来,只见她双手叉腰,眉头紧皱,好像有什么不顺心。
戴红色帽子的小女孩,弯着腰,伸头向右望去,她涨红了脸,虽说她没有上“战场”但她的心跳自己清清楚楚能听见。
一位抱着洋娃娃的女孩,一直微笑着,眼睛却繁忙了,一直盯着球,看球究竟在哪队里。那个穿着绿衣服的小男孩,也许是第一次看见这种场面吧。他的小手在计算胜负,一边轻轻摇手,一边说:“真精彩,太不可思议了。”
看得最认真的算是那位大个子叔叔了,他看得津津有味。他想起了童年,他是足球的先锋,那是多么难忘的岁月啊,他又想到了将来足球事业的发展,和即将到来的世界杯。
周瑜很妒忌诸葛亮的才干,想为难他。
于是,诸葛亮请鲁肃借20只船,并叫他不要告诉周瑜,鲁肃答应了。
第一天,诸葛亮没有动静,第二天,直到第三天四更时诸葛亮请鲁肃去取箭,诸葛亮的船已经靠近曹军的`水寨,他叫船一字排开,又叫军士一边擂鼓一边呐喊。曹操看不清虚实,不敢派兵出动,只叫一万名兵将射箭。等船两边的草把子插满了箭时,曹操知道上当了,可诸葛亮的船已顺风顺水地驶出二十多里。
鲁肃见了周瑜,把借箭的经过告诉他,使他不得不自叹不如。
周瑜嫉妒诸葛亮有才干。所以就想找个事情为难。
一天周瑜请诸葛亮商议军事,周瑜让诸葛亮十天造十万支箭,诸葛亮说只要三天就可以造好,诸葛亮还立下了军令状。他们商议后,喝了几杯酒就走了。
诸葛亮见鲁肃来找他帮忙,诸葛亮向鲁肃借了二十条船,每条船上三十个军士,船用青幔子遮起来,再来一千多个草把子,鲁肃答应了。
诸葛亮去的那天正是大雾漫天,天还没亮,船已经到了曹军的水寨。诸葛亮下令把船头朝西,船尾朝东,一字排开,让军士擂鼓,一边大叫。曹操听到声音,立刻放箭。诸葛亮让船头朝东,船尾朝西。天渐渐亮了,雾开始散了。这时候穿上插满了箭,诸葛亮让军士们大喊“谢谢曹丞相的箭,”接着让二十条船驶回南岸。当曹军想追的时候,船已经顺风顺水使出二十多里,要追也来不及了。
二十条船靠岸的时候有十多万支箭,周瑜长叹:“诸葛亮足智多谋,我真不如他!”
一个晴朗的午后,在麦田尽头的牛瓜角树下,一场小足球赛正激烈地进行着,引来了不少观众,有小孩,也有大人。
矮墙边,有一个用书包和帽子做成的简易球门。球门正中央,站着一个沉稳的小球守门员。他肤色微棕。上身穿着一件黑色白领的短袖衫,下着一条青绿色裤子,右腿膝盖上有一处擦伤口,用白纱布包着。只见他半蹲着,身子微微向前倾。双腿叉着,目光炯炯有神,望着前方,,严阵以待,随时准备扑上前接住球。
在他身后,站着一位候补守门员。他身着红色运动服,努着嘴,似乎迫切想上阵呢!
左边是一排长木凳,凳上坐着观看球赛的人们。一个黑黑的小男孩搂着他的小弟弟,俩人都聚精会神地看着,一只不知是谁家的哈巴狗正趴在地上打呼噜;旁边有三个红领巾,第一个小男孩似乎被什么挡住了视线,情不自禁地弯下了腰,他后边的男孩则使劲伸着脖子,戴蝴蝶结的小女孩索性站了起来;前面还有一位束发姑娘,她抱着心爱的洋娃娃,挺直着腰板,满脸泛着红晕;最前面的是一位大个子叔叔,他身着西服,顶着礼帽,脸上绽着笑容,仿佛回忆起他自己儿时在球场上的飒爽英姿。
河边,阳光在涟漪上闪烁跳动,仿佛是不息的小梭子在织着金色的挂毯。这时,只听见风和水潺潺相激的声音,看见花儿默默无言秘密。大家一同注视着眼前的这一幕……
在一个阳光明媚的下午,刚放学,几个男孩子就一起到学校附近的大草坪上开始了足球比赛。
他们分成了两队,分别是红队和蓝队,分完后,便麻利地把自己的书包和帽子堆在了一起,当作简易的球门。
一位上身穿着黑色衣服,下身穿着浅蓝色短裤和黑皮鞋的守门员半蹲着,身子稍微向前倾,两手搭在包扎着白色纱布的膝盖上。
他的膝盖好像是昨天练球时摔伤的,虽然他的膝盖已经摔伤了,但是他还是坚持踢球,这种遇到困难毫不放弃的精神真令我敬佩!他全神贯注地注视着前方,严阵以待。
守门员的身后站着一位身穿红色运动服的小鸟,他是候补守门员,只见他挺着肚子,撅着小嘴,埋怨道:“怎么还不到我啊?”
正在这时,蓝队队员发球了,他左脚使劲一踢,球被踢到了红队队员的脚前,蓝队的守门员焦急万分地说:“不好!”之后,他也用力一踢,激烈的时刻到了,局面扭转了过来,蓝队反败为胜。
路过的人看到如此激烈的场景,匆匆忙忙地跑过来,坐到木头凳子上,聚精会神地观看了起来。
一对弟兄俩坐在凳子上,为他们助威,呐喊着:“加油,好球,好球!”
有一个扎着蝴蝶结的小女孩竟然站了起来,生怕自己看不见精彩的地方;还有一个戴着红色帽子的小女孩弯着腰,专心致志地看着比赛。
“踢得好!”一位黄色头发的小男孩欢呼道。不是谁家的小狗正躺在草地上闭目养神,好像他对足球赛不是很感兴趣。
一位戴着灰色帽子的小男孩看上去紧张无比的样子,像是他第一次观看足球赛似的;还有一个小女孩抱着一个可爱漂亮的布娃娃,观看着比赛。
只有一位大个子叔叔看的最入迷,脸上浮起了一丝丝抹不掉的笑,他兴奋不已地对守门员说:“快点,接球,接球!”这场足球赛使他回想起了自己童年美好的生活,也使他兴奋不已。
这时,红队守门员猛地一踢,红队获胜了!观众席上想起了一阵热烈的掌声,蓝队队员很不服气,他们约定:明天在这里,在赛一场!
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