校园生活的英文作文议论文（关于校园生活英语作文带翻译） - 学习作文网

校园生活的英文作文议论文【一】

3.1 样本与分析方法

本文选取的五篇英文议论文样本如下：The Real Truth About Lies （Randy Fitzgerald，882 字，选自The World Of English，2001.6）; Education （ E.B. White，1021字，选自The Hill Reader，135-155）; The Art Of SmartGuessing （ Bryan W. Mattimore，1034 字，选自The World English，2001.2）; On The Art OfAdvertising （ Samuel Johnson功能语法，995 字，选自 The Hill Reader，453-455）; 以及 The Green Frog Skin（John Lame Deer，1166 字，选自The Hill Reader ，332-334）.

笔者依据物质，心理，关系，行为，言语和存在六个过程对每篇文章的分句进行了判定，并为进一步的量化分析计算出各分句所占比例。具体分布情况如下表所示：

物质

过程

心理

过程

关系

过程

行为

过程

言语

过程

存在

过程

总计

篇章1

101

篇章2

篇章3

篇章4

篇章5

121

总计

160

166

483

百分比

33%

11.6%

34.4%

7.5%

主句

百分比

16.5%

41.2%

16.5%

7.2%

附属从句与嵌入式从句

154

百分比

41.56%

14.3%

23.4%

6.5%

8.4%

3.2 分析结果与探讨

从上表可以看出，韩礼德的六个过程模式在英文议论中呈现不均衡分布。从整体来看，物质过程和关系过程所占比例分别为33%和34.4%。这就意味着在英文议论文中，物质和关系过程占据主体地位，二者总体超过总数的三分之二，而其他四个过程仅占不到三分之一。单从主句来看，关系过程以41.2%的比例占据主导地位，同时，我们可以发现一个非常有趣的现象，即物质，心理，言语过程所占比例均为16.5%。在从句的过程分布比例中，物质过程占41.5%，非常接近关系过程在主句中所占的比重。其次是关系过程，所占百分比为23.4。存在过程在整体分句，主句及从句中的分布比例较为稳定。出现比例最小的为行为过程。

结合小句过程模式的分布比例和议论文的特点，笔者的分析如下：

第一，物质过程是摆事实，讲论据的最佳途径。作为质询和决策的方式之一，议论文应当提供充分有力的证据来引领读者挖掘事件的方方面面。论据通常包括常识，例证，事实，数据，引用等等。有效的论据必须能够清楚直接地证明论点cssci期刊目录。一般情况下，人的行为即为已经发生的无可改变的既成事实，而物质过程作为外部经验的表述恰好使其成为了提供论据最为常用的模式。在议论文中，从句通常扮演着为主句提供事实或数据的角色，由此不难解释为何物质过程在从句中占据绝对比例。例如，在复杂句“advertisements are now so numerous that theyare very negligently perused”中，其从句“they are verynegligently perused，”阐述了主句所引发的事实结果。相反地，主观意见和心理活动的论证说明力远不如事实，这也正是心理过程在议论文中所占比重较小的原因。

第二，关系过程在英文议论文中的显著地位源于其对逻辑关系的阐释。逻辑性对议论文至关重要功能语法，议论文的目的就是通过理性说明来赢得读者的认同，而读者对新观点的认同建立在其已认同的事实和原理的基础之上。因此，从本质上来说，议论文是通过良好的逻辑建立和加强共同与合作意识的过程。换言之，所有能够作为论据的事实和原理都必须相互并与结论有逻辑性地联系在一起，任何逻辑错误或推理失误都可能导致读者对整篇文章论点的怀疑。关系过程，表明一项经验与另一项经验之间的关系，恰好能够清楚地阐释读议论文中的逻辑关系。以代表句型“x is a”为例，x与a之间的逻辑关系并非唯一的。a既可作为某项特征表明x的特性，也可作为指代与x进行互换。简而言之，在关系过程中，主句通常是被从句归纳化或概念化的特征或指代。

第三，在英文议论中，看似表达主观观点与意愿的言语过程同样不可或缺。引用权威的语言，观点，评论或表达都常常作为强有力的事实支撑来赞同或反对某一观点，而无论是直接引用还是间接引用，都必须通过言语过程来体现。

第四，其他过程类型在英文议论文中同样占据一席之地并发挥着举足轻重的作用。对议论文而言，描述，叙述，阐释等写作手法的合理利用与相辅相成无疑是锦上添花。正因如此，六个过程在英文议论文中的不同分布比例恰好是议论文客观，有逻辑，严肃及某种程度上带有一定主观色彩的特点等要求的自然结果。

校园生活的英文作文议论文【二】

（1）不同观点列举型（选择型）

There is a widespread concern over the issue that __题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows： in the first place， ___原因一_______.Furthermore， in the second place， ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.

People， however， differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view， on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand， ____原因二_____. Therefore， there is no doubt that ___观点二______.

As far as I am concerned， I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________， but also because _________. The more _______， the more ________.

（2）利弊型的`议论文

Nowadays， there is a widespread concern over （the issue that）___作文题目

______. In fact， there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking， it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly， ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.

Just As a popular saying goes， "every coin has two sides"， __讨论议题______ is no exception， and in another word， it still has negative aspects. To begin with， ___缺点一______. In addition， ____ 缺点二______.

To sum up， we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play， and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case， we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.

（3）答题性议论文

Currently， there is a widespread concern over （the issue that）__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result， we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.

As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all， __途径一______. In addition， anotheer way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.

Above all， to solve the problem of ___作文题目______， we should find a

number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned， I would prefer to solve the problem in this way， that is to say， ____方法_____.

（4）谚语警句性议论文

It is well know to us that the proverb： " ___谚语_______" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. （ also theoretically ）

A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore， it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.

As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二_.

Itis not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.

（2）利弊型的议论文

目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题

_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspJust As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides",is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with,To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of 讨论议题

into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.

( 3 答题性议论文

Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.

As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this pr______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concern

( 4 谚语警句性议论文

语 has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our stu. ( also theoretically

______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____ With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语

_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..

★★★图表作文的框架

as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the _____ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases,significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.

There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand, ________. On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________. In addition, ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to

show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.

As far as I am concerned,

I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.

校园生活的英文作文议论文【三】

水——我们的朋友平达曾说过：“自然界的一切事物中，唯有水最珍贵。”是啊，水是我们的朋友，没有了水，就没有了我们。让我们一起与水做个好朋友吧！水看见人们不节约用水，伤心地说：我对人类的所作所为感到不满，我为人类做了那么多的贡献，可人类总是滥用我。这样既会导致水源的'流失，又会严重影响生态环境。在生活中，处处都要用到水。洗菜要用水，洗车要用水，洗澡要用水??，这往往会浪费很多水。其实，请把水龙头开小一点，把废水再次利用，这样我们就能与水做好朋友了。比如：洗菜水可以浇花；洗澡水可以冲马桶??这样，不仅能节约用水，还对别的事物有好处呢！如果水能这

样一滴一滴的节约起来，虽然不是太多，但是全世界人民都这样做，怎么会没有水呢？人们可知道，世界上有许多地方水都很少，有些人，因为喝不上水，而死去，他们说：“请他们喝酒，不如请他们喝水。”下雨天，曾是他们最快乐的日子，他们可以用雨水洗澡，还能接水，以后用。他们把水当做奇珍异宝，每次喝水都要去很远的井里去挑，那井里的水比黄河水还浑浊，比海水还难喝。由此可见，他们是多么爱水啊！如果我们能节约用水，他们的生

活难道会这样吗？不节约用水，不但会导致水源的流失，还会影响生态环境。有些工厂既不节约用水，还排放污水放到河流中，这样，水不仅流失了，还会影响生态环境。

校园生活的英文作文议论文【四】

n life we all have to go through failure, but failure is terrible, just keep an optimistic attitude, can overcome difficulties.

Who will be failure, some people give up after failure, however, some people maintained an optimistic attitude, fell to climb up from there. If you ask I will choose which one, I will choose the latter. If you don't believe it, then read on!

Remember once the mid-term examination, it may be because I am not serious, to solve the problem that the result is not ideal. Looking at the award-winning students happily accept, my heart is envy and regret, regret not serious. If I had some seriously, I am the one can stand on the podium. At this moment, I slammed the thought of "optimistic" this two word, I thought: in fact also nothing important, just a test, the next effort. So, I began to study strenuously. Finally, the next time the mid-term exam, I won the first place. Although this is just a simple two words - optimism, however, some people have no choice, so there is no success. But some people choose optimism and success. Like a famous writer Helen Keller, although she had polio, and don't move, however, she chose the optimism, the final success.

In the pessimistic people's eyes, things could have been successful as it do not succeed. But in the eyes of an optimist, otherwise might not succeed, they also can do a good job. This is the biggest different optimists and pessimists. In outstanding people, it is easy to find, in failure, we can easily find pessimistic. Therefore, we must be optimistic and optimistic will bring you success.

校园生活的英文作文议论文【五】

英语作文(2观点论述类

People from differentbackgrounds would put different interpretations on the samecase.

不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。

The controversial issue is often brought into public focus.People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towardsthe issue.

这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。When asked ..., some people think..... while some prefer...

说到______，有人认为________，而另一些人则认为__________。

Just as the saying goes: "so many people, so many minds". It isquite understandable that views on this issue vary from person toperson.

俗话说，""。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。

To this issue, different people come up with variousattitudes.

对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。

There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goeswithout saying that...

万事万物都有其两面性，所以，勿庸置疑，____________。

When it comes to ..., most people believe that ..., but otherpeople regard ...as ....

提到_________问题，很多人认为_________，不过，一些人则认为______是____.When faced with...., quite a few people claim that ...., butother people think as...

提到_________问题，仅少数人认为________，但另一些人则认为_________。

There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of ....There who criticize ...argue that ...., they believe that ...,butpeople who favor .., on the other hand, argue that...

目前，_______问题争议较大。批判_______的人认为_______，他们认为_______，不过，另一方面，赞同_______的人则认为_________。

Some people are of the opinion that..

有些人认为_____________。

Many people claim that...

很多人认为_____________。

A majority of 绝大多数

A large number of 很多人

Some people contend that ... has proved to bring many advantages(disadvantages

有些人认为________有很多有利之处(不利之处。

Those who argue for ... say that ...economic development of thecities.

觉得_____的人认为，______ 城市的经济发展。

Some people advocate that ....

有些人在坚持认为_________。

They hold that ... 他们认为_________。

People, who advocate that ..., have their sound reasons(grounds

坚持认为______的人也有其说法(依据。

Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing highpraise of it.

那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。

Those who strongly approve of ... have cogent reasons for it.

强烈认同_______的人有很多原因。

Many people would claim that...

有人会认为___________。

People who support ... give some or all of the followingreasons.

那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因：________。

But others hold the view that ...但是，另外一些人则认为_______。

观点的用词：Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组：Take, have, come up with，setforth, put forward等。

But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people whostrongly advocate that..,.不过，另一方面，也有少部分人坚持认为_______________。

But people who are ..., on the other hand , maintain that...

不过，另一方面，________的人认为__________。

However, there are a large number of people who hold a differentview concerning this case.然而，很多人对此有不同的看法。

问题用词：Issue, phenomenon，后接介词, on, over等。

However, some others argue that... 然而，另一些人则认为_________。

However, there are also some others who contend that...

然而，也有人认为__________。

But other people set forth completely totally different argumentconcerning this case.不过，对于此，另一些人则持完全不同的观点。

Some people examine this issue from another angle.

有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。

On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly...

另一方面，也有很多反对的人，他们认为_____________。

According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer ...rather than...

根据我的.个性以及兴趣，我选择_______而不会选择__________。

Personally, I side with the latter (former opinion...

就我个人而言，我支持后者(前者___________。

Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.

就我个人而言，我较同意前一种看法。

To my point of view 我认为

To my mind, the advantages far overweigh thedrawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings我认为，优点胜过缺点。

For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that..

就我而言，我较赞同后一种观点________________。

As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of thelatter view.

在我看来，我较同意后一种观点。

After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of thelatter view that...

经过深思熟虑，我较支持后一种看法，亦即________________________。

If asked to make a decision, I would prefer...

如果真的需要作出选择，我宁愿____________。

展现问题篇

问题的常用词：question, problem, issue

Recently, the issue of ...... has been brought into publicfocus.

近来，_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。

Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities andinnovations, and great changes

have taken place in people’sattitude towards some traditional practice.

现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代，很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。

Recently the issue of whether or not ... has been in thelimelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.

近来，是否_______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。

The issue whether it is good or not to .... has aroused a heateddiscussion all over the country.______的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。

At present, some people think ....while others claim ...Bothsides have their merits.

目前，一些人认为_______而另一些人则认为_______。其实，两种观点都其可取之处。People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversialissue.

对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。

People from different backgrounds would put differentinterpretations on the same case.不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。

The controversial issue is often brought into public focus.People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towardsthe issue.

这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。When asked ..., some people think..... while some prefer...

说到______，有人认为________，而另一些人则认为__________。

Just as the saying goes: "so many people, so many minds". It isquite understandable that views on this issue vary from person toperson.

俗话说，""。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。

To this issue, different people come up with variousattitudes.

对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。

There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goeswithout saying that...

万事万物都有其两面性，所以，勿庸置疑，____________。

When it comes to ..., most people believe that ..., but otherpeople regard ...as ....

提到_________问题，很多人认为_________，不过，一些人则认为______是____.When faced with...., quite a few people claim that ...., butother people think as...

提到_________问题，仅少数人认为________，但另一些人则认为_________。

There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of ....There who criticize ...argue that ...., they believe that ...,butpeople who favor .., on the other hand, argue that...

目前，_______问题争议较大。批判_______的人认为_______，他们认为_______，不过，另一方面，赞同_______的人则认为_________。

Some people are of the opinion that..

有些人认为_____________。

Many people claim that...

很多人认为_____________。

A majority of 绝大多数

A large number of 很多人

Some people contend that ... has proved to bring many advantages(disadvantages

有些人认为________有很多有利之处(不利之处。

Those who argue for ... say that ...economic development of thecities.

觉得_____的人认为，______ 城市的经济发展。

Some people advocate that ....

有些人在坚持认为_________。

They hold that ... 他们认为_________。

People, who advocate that ..., have their sound reasons(grounds

坚持认为______的人也有其说法(依据。

Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing highpraise of it.

那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。

Those who strongly approve of ... have cogent reasons for it.

强烈认同_______的人有很多原因。

Many people would claim that...

有人会认为___________。

People who support ... give some or all of the followingreasons.

那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因：________。

But others hold the view that ...但是，另外一些人则认为_______。

观点的用词：Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组：Take, have, come up with，setforth, put forward等。

But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people whostrongly advocate that..,.不过，另一方面，也有少部分人坚持认为_______________。

But people who are ..., on the other hand , maintain that...

不过，另一方面，________的人认为__________。

However, there are a large number of people who hold a differentview concerning this case.然而，很多人对此有不同的看法。

问题用词：Issue, phenomenon，后接介词, on, over等。

However, some others argue that... 然而，另一些人则认为_________。

However, there are also some others who contend that...

然而，也有人认为__________。

But other people set forth completely totally different argumentconcerning this case.不过，对于此，另一些人则持完全不同的观点。

Some people examine this issue from another angle.

有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。

On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly...

另一方面，也有很多反对的人，他们认为_____________。

According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer ...rather than...

根据我的个性以及兴趣，我选择_______而不会选择__________。

Personally, I side with the latter (former opinion...

就我个人而言，我支持后者(前者___________。

Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.

就我个人而言，我较同意前一种看法。

To my point of view 我认为

To my mind, the advantages far overweigh thedrawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings我认为，优点胜过缺点。

For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that..

就我而言，我较赞同后一种观点________________。

As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of thelatter view.

在我看来，我较同意后一种观点。 After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of thelatter view that... 经过深思熟虑，我较支持后一种看法，亦即________________________。 If asked to make a decision, I would prefer... 如果真的需要作出选择，我宁愿____________。

校园生活的英文作文议论文【六】

作为当今最有影响力之一的语言学理论，功能语法以社会学为导向，着重语言的功能性研究。其创始人韩礼德从儿童和成人的语言学习角度将语言功能高度理论化。根据韩的观点，儿童所使用的最原始的语言能够被简概为一套高度编码且抽象的功能，其中包含三个元功能（纯理功能）：概念功能（ideational function），人际功能（interpersonal function）以及语篇功能（textualfunction）[1]。概念功能进一步被细化为和逻辑功能，表述在我们周围及自身所发生的事情，称之为“内容（content）”。概念功能通过及物性（transitivity）来实现，及物性由六个过程组成，即物质过程，心理过程，关系过程，行为过程，言语过程和存在过程。

功能语法把用来表达一系列概念意义，抽象和具体的外部世界，以及人的意识过程的结构单位叫做小句（clause），即句子或类似句子结构的统称。一个小句包含三个功能成份：过程（process），参与者（participant），和环境（circumstantials）。其中主要成份过程代表事件或状态，参与者即从时间，地点，方式等各个层面参与的人或事功能语法，而具体的参与者功能取决于过程类型。语言的及物性和作格性能够帮助将过程进行归类，及物性把经验世界看作是一套可控的过程模式。简而言之，及物性是与概念元功能相一致的小句语法，及物性分析能够定义不同的过程类型并由此决定过程的参与者，从而明确过程与参与者之间的逻辑关系[2]。

在韩提出的六个过程中，物质，心理和关系过程是最主要的。他们作为经验理论，是语法的奠基石，呈现三种截然不同的结构，是篇章中所有小句的主体。同时，韩提出了一个假设，这三个过程在整个语言中的分布频率大致平衡。然而，他自己也承认，此理论未经证实[3]。韩礼德用来阐释六个过程的小句皆为简短且相互独立无关联的句子，而此后的相关过程模式研究也仅仅探究了口头语篇或主观自创的例句cssci期刊目录。