1 No one can deny the fact that ...
2 The idea is hardly supported by facts.
3 Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ...
考辅P42
1.IgaveTomthebook.//
2.Heboughthismothersomeflowers.//
3.Thebridgewasbuiltbyworkerslastyear.//
4.Wehavetofinishtheworktoday.//5.Hewilldohishomeworktomorrow.//
6.Wecleantheroomseveryday.//7.Thewriterspent3yearsonthebook.//
8.Itisabookwithalotofbeautifulpictures.//
9.Thebooksoldverywellduringthefirstweek.//firstweek.
10.Marywastheonlyoneintheoffice.//
11.Shefinishedherworkat10o’clock.//Shedidn’12.Shehadtotakeataxihomebecauseitwastoolate.
13.LizaandMikearrivedattheGreatWallintwohours.
14.Theywerehappytogettothetop.//
15.TheyenjoyedthemselvesontheGreatWall.//
16.ThepostmansentSusanandTommyapaperbox.
17.Theyopeneditandfoundapresentfromtheirfriend.
18.Theybothlikedthepresentandfeltveryhappy.
19.Alicedidn’tfeelwelltoday,soshewenttothehospital.
20.Thedoctoraskedhersomequestions.//
21.Thedoctordidn’tgiveheranymedicineintheend.
(全真1)
1.ThecapitalAirporthasbeeninusefor20years.//
2.ThecapitalAirportisthelargestoneinChina.//
3.Ihavenevertakenaplane.MyfriendLiPing,either.//
(全真2)
1.Fathergave$20formetobuysomebooks.//
2.IwasexcitedwhenIsawsomanygoodbooksinthebookstore.
3.ButsomebookswouldcostmorethanIhave.//
ButIdidn’//(全真3)
1.ManyChinesefriendswenttotheparty.2.Tonywasgivenalotofpresentsbyhisfriends.//Tony’
3.SeeinghisChineseteacheratthepartymadeTonyveryhappy.//(全真4)
1.Iwanttoeatsomething.//2.Therefrigeratorisempty.//3.Bobspentfifteenyuanonthehamburger.///(全真5)
1.Mr.Wangdoesn’tworkinthatfactoryanylonger.//
2.Mr.Wanglefthomeearlierinordertocatchthebus.3.Mr.Wangfindsitnoteasytogetalongwiththatyoungguy.//(专家1)
1.Manypeoplewentshoppingyesterday.
2.Janespent4hourstobuyNewyeargifts.//
3.Shewassotiredthatshecouldn’twalkanylonger.//
(专家2)
1.Myfriendssaidtome,“Areyoufree?”
2.Shewantedmetogoshoppingwithher.
3.Shethinksitapleasuretogoshoppingwithafriend.
论点是议论文的灵魂,分论点是支撑起这个灵魂的骨架,而论据是议论文的血肉。一个人要丰满多彩,光有灵魂和骨架,没有血肉是不可想象的。同样一篇议论文只有中心论点和分论点是不能称为文章的,它还必须有典型而鲜活的论据。
典型的论据是指能充分反映事物本质,具有代表性的事例与名言。它首先要求真实,切合题旨。其次,选用的论据要弃旧用新,要厚今薄古。有些同学作文,记住几个经典论据,如司马迁、居里夫人、张海迪,变换着角度使用,把它们当做万花油。其实,这些论据就算典型,也不能引人注目。相反,选取人无我有、人有我新的论据说理,使阅卷者在阅读时产生新鲜感,效果会更好。另外,有些同学习惯用古代事例阐述事理,整篇文章未能联系实际,无时代的活水,也不能达到充分说理的目的。最好能引述时尚言论和当前媒体普遍关注的事例辅助说理,加强说理的针对性、时代感,使文章更具说服力。
1。 It is considered /thought that人们(有人,大家)认为
2。 It is generally /usually accepted /agreed/recognized that普遍(一般,通常)认为
3。 It is believed that有人(人们,大家)相信
4。 It is well—known that大家知道(众所周知)
5。 It is said that据说(有人说)
6。 It is learned that据闻(悉)
7。 It is supposed that据推测
8。 It is estimated/predicted/calculated that据估计(预计)
9。 It must be pointed that必须指出
10。 It is reported that据报道
11。 It must be admitted that必须承认
12。 It will be seen that可见(可以看出)
13。 It will be seen from this that由此可见
14。 It is understood that不用说(都知道)
15。 It can not be denied that无可否认
16。 It has been proved/demonstrated that已经证明
17。 It may be confirmed that可以肯定
18。 It may be safely said that可以有把握地说
19。 It is sometimes asked that人们有时会问
20。 It is expected that/hoped that人们希望
21。 When it comes to要说到,要谈及
高尔基说过:(开头好像音乐里定调一样,全曲的音调都是它给予的,也是作者花功夫的所在。议论文的开头要讲究短、快、靓。短,即要简捷,最好三两句成段,引入本论。开头短,可避免冗长之赘,而且短句成段,在空间上突出其内容的重要性。快,即入题要快,最好三言两语就点明文章的基本观点或议论的话题。因为评分标准中有中心明确的细则。开篇确定中心,有利于阅卷者按等计分,也有利于作者展开论述,不致出现主旨不清、中途转换论题等作文大忌。靓,即要精彩。这也是传统文论中所说的凤头。精彩的开头,最突出的效果是吸引阅卷者,给阅卷者留下好的印象。文章开头要精彩,多用比喻、类比、排比等修辞引入论点,还可引述名言,讲述寓言故事导入话题。
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