1。thereof
以”there”为前缀加上介词构成的词,如thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith等,在文中具体指什么,需要读者依照合同的上下文来判断,因而理解起来比较复杂,请看下例:
This Agreement is written in the English language。 In case of any discrepancy between the English version and any translation thereof, the English text shall govern。 句中”the English version and any translation thereof”从上下文判断意为 “the English version and any translation of the English version”,即thereof一词代替of the English version。与以here开头的词如hereof的理解方法类似。
2。therein
该词意为in that, in that particular
context, in that respect,“在那里”,“在那点上”,“在那方面”,表示上文已提及的“合同中的”“工程中的”。如:the contract or any part thereof意为the contract or any part of the contract,合同或合同的任何部分。
3。thereto
该词意为:to that,“随附”,“附之”,如:“Contract Products” means the products specified in Appendix 2 to this Contract, together with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect thereto。 句中or developments with respect thereto 意为:or developments with respect to the developments。
4。thereunder
该词意为:under that, “在其下”,“依照”,如:The Borrower fails to pay any amount payable thereunder as and when such amount shall become payable。 句中any amount payable thereunder意为any amount payable under the contract。
My winter vacation plan
My winner vacation is coming soon .I am so happy I decide to make a winter vacation plan .First, I will do my homework carefully Second ,I am going to help my mother with housework .Then,I want to play with my best friend.I will also visit my grangparents with my parents .We will spend Spring Festival with them.I think every day during my winter vacation will be happy.
I am sure I willhave a wonderful vacation. I can not wait.
Has the winter vacation year after year, all is often different. Formerly, I all only was busy in the winter vacation is making merry, but this difference, not only I have not played, but also almost closed the confinement. Asked how I do fall so the fate, ya, all is the calamity which wants to play all the time annoys!
That day clear and boundless sky, solar especially beautiful, my in high spirits running to the maternal family, father and mother and the relatives and friends disappears for a long time, therefore particularly is excited. After finished eating the lunch to chat a meeting, they on full of enthusiasm played the playing cards. I am idling the safe, a person exits the extension, and brought a cigarette lighter, several dozens firecrackers along with; Transferred had not seen any interesting thing, thereupon I put the firecracker on a person in the courtyard. But that day wind especially big, I originally want to lose on the place the firecracker actually and I do to, rode the wind but has flown on the side haystack, a detonation, unexpectedly a ten feet high flame for to ignite the haystack, I was startled immediately had, hurried brushes with the bamboo pole, but the haystack roasted in the overpoweringly hot hot sun roasts has dehydrated completely, in addition that wind helped an evildoer do evil in the one side, the flame fled in a twinkling Lao Gao, I was scared immediately, got a sudden inspiration nearby the discovery well to have a washbasin suddenly, hurried the water used fire fighting, just has irrigated a trough, That presses the hydraulic engine also to press did not sail upstream, really awfully, this heaven resembles is intending to oppose with me resembles, my anxious tear has all fallen, wants to let loose the throat to shout, can how also shout does not make noise; The younger sister comes out by chance asks me to play, she hurried the human has all called, everybody busily has opened immediately, barrel barrel trough trough water straight upward irrigated. This water is originally may suppress the fire, but this fire gentle breeze becomes the ally, the fire has borrowed the circumstances, the wind helps the fire prestige, the situation is not more and more wonderful. By now although greatly burnt down was the haystack but likes actually is burning my heart, from caught up with the villagers in all directions which put out a fire also to, they did not know lifted a small water pump from where, finally, this water pump drew up the water has all supplied, was seeing this fire had to irrigate extinguished, but did not know how, the water broke suddenly. We run as soon as looked that, the original water source is far, that splices the pipe joint place 散架, Shui Zhenggu 汩 braved to outside, to flow place. When we fix the pipe, this is irrigated the fire which extinguishes to resurge quickly. Has not been good, this time wind has gotten up greatly, again does not take the measure, not only this haystack has not guaranteed, all must suffer disaster including the side on haystack and the house. In this critical moment, sees only the uncle to take up the pipe, flushed the haystack which burnt, he did not attend to the intermittent thick smoke to destroy completely the exterior fire diligently outside, also let the public hoe push aside the haystack, the water used to has Mars the place pouring to go, but most was anxious certainly is I, one side me was snatching the fire fighting, at the same time unceasingly the mouth read \"the amen\", really was turns to any doctor one can find when critically ill. But, this move resembles also very is effective, soon, the wind really has stopped down, this fire also naturally extinguished. My deep sigh one breath, in a heart big stone finally fell to the ground.
Although the fire extinguished, but my responsibility feared was the inescapable, I have finished the full psychological preparation, in just a little bit, the maid ablaze with anger walked, very far away I the smell of gunpowder, but fortunately, the maid has not begun, otherwise I also could write the thesis in this? Oh, I now really regretted that, I do must put that to provoke the right and wrong to me the firecracker?
译文:
年年有寒假,一切往往不同。以前,我只在寒假里忙得不亦乐乎,可这次不同,我不但没玩过,还差点关上了禁闭。问我怎么会落下这样的命运,哎,都是一直想玩的祸烦!
那天天空晴朗无垠,阳光格外美丽,我兴高采烈地奔向母家,爸爸妈妈和亲戚朋友久久不见了,因此格外兴奋。吃完午饭聊了一会,他们就兴致勃勃地玩起了扑克牌。我在闲逛保险柜,一个人从分机出来,带了一个打火机,几十个鞭炮一起;转移到没有看到任何有趣的东西,于是我把鞭炮放在院子里的一个人身上。可是那天风特别大,我本来想把鞭炮丢在地上却和我做对了,乘风却飞到了旁边的草堆上,一声爆响,竟有一股十尺高的火焰为草堆引燃,我顿时吓了一跳,赶紧用竹竿刷了刷,可是在烈日下烤的草堆已经完全脱水了,加上风在一边扶着一个恶人作恶,火焰瞬间就窜了老高,我顿时吓了一跳,突然发现井边有个脸盆,急忙用水救火,刚灌完槽,那压着液压机也压不上船了,真是太可怕了,这天堂像是要和我对抗似的,我焦急的眼泪都掉了,想放开嗓子喊,可怎么也喊不出声来;妹妹偶然出来叫我玩,她赶紧把人都叫来了,大家马上忙开了,桶里的水直往上灌。这水本来是可以压制火的,但这火和风成了盟友,火借了情,风助火威,情不愈妙。这时虽然大火烧成了草堆但却像是在燃烧着我的心,从四面八方赶来的村民扑灭了一场火也到了,他们不知道从哪里举起了一台小水泵,最后,这台水泵抽上来的水已经全部供应了,看到这场火已经被浇灌扑灭了,但是没有不知怎么,水突然破了。我们一跑就看,原来水源远,那拼接管接头处散架,水正鼓汩冒到外面,流向处。当我们修好水管时,这是浇灌灭火后迅速复活的火。一直不好,这次风大了起来,再不采取措施,不仅这草堆没有保证,连草堆上的`边和房子都要遭殃。在这危急的时刻,只见叔叔拿起水管,冲着烧焦的草堆,他顾不上时断时续的浓烟努力把外面的火烧得干干净净,还让众人锄起草堆,把曾经有火星的地方浇去,但最着急的肯定是我,一边我在抓紧救火,一边不停地嘴里念着“阿门”,真是转危为安时找不到任何医生。但是,这一举动似乎也很有效,很快,风真的停了下来,这场大火也自然扑灭了。我深深的叹了一口气,心里的一块大石头终于掉到了地上。
虽然火扑灭了,但我的责任恐怕是无法推卸的,我已经做好了充分的心理准备,就在一点点,女佣怒火中烧地走了,远远的我闻到了火药味,幸好女佣还没开始,不然我还能在这写论文吗?哦,我现在真的很后悔,我一定要把那个挑起我是非的鞭炮?
1。hereby
该词意为by means of , by reason of this, by this agreement,“特此”,“因此”,“兹”,“在此”。此词常用作法律、经贸文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语,在合同条款中需特别强调时也可用,表示当事人借此合约,要宣示某种具有法律效力的“意思表示”,如保证、同意、放弃权利等,一般放于主语后,紧邻主语。如:The Company hereby covenants and warrants that…… 意为:By this agreement the Company covenants and warrants that……即:公司在此保证……再如:Both parties hereby agree that……意为:By this agreement both parties agree that……即:双方当事人在此同意……
2。hereof
该词意为:of this agreement,“关于此点”;“在本文件中”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:to take effect on the date hereof 意为:to take effect on the date of this agreement 即:于本合约之日期生效。再如:the headings of the sections hereof 意为:the headings of the sections of this agreement 即:本合约各条款之标题。
3。hereto
该词意为:to this agreement,“至此”,“在此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的……本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的`名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:both parties hereto 意为both parties to this agreement,即本合约之当事人双方;items specified in Attachment I and hereto 意为:items specified in Attachment I to this agreement 即:本合约之附件I所列之各项。
4。herein
该词意为:in this agreement,“此中”,“于此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同(中)的……,本法(中)的……”等,一般置于所修饰词后,紧邻所修饰词。如:to file a suit in the court agreed to herein 意为:to file a suit in the court agreed to in this agreement 即:向当事人于本合约中同意管辖的法院提起诉讼;再如:to follow the terms and conditions herein 意为:to follow the terms and conditions in this agreement,即:遵守本合约所规定的条件。
5。hereinafter
该词意为:later in the same Contract,“以下”,“在下文”,一般与to be referred to as, referred to as, called 等词组连用,以避免重复。
6。hereunder
该词意为:under this agreement,“在本合约内”、“依据本合约”。如:obligations hereunder,意为obligations under this agreement,即“本合约内的义务”。再如:rights granted hereunder,意为rights granted under this agreement,即“依本合约所赋予的权利”。
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